Emilia Fernández Guede's research while affiliated with Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea and other places
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Publications (5)
Two studies were conducted to provide reliability and validity support for a new anti-Arab prejudice scale. The scale was designed to fit to the European context and showed very satisfactory reliability. Moreover, both studies provided convergent validity support. Anti-Arab prejudice was correlated with authoritarianism, anti-Semitism, and conserva...
An experiment analyzing the influence of crossed-categorization on evaluative and cognitive responses is presented. The combined effects of class and ethnic information were enquired. Three models of cross-categorization were tested: Additive, Hierarchical, and Interactive. As for as the cognitive responses (traits' application) is concerned, the h...
The authors analyzed the extent to which the Theory of Realistic Conflict can be extended to institutional settings in which groups are not actively involved in decisions but are passive targets of decisions taken by an institutional authority (the rector). A negative interdependence between the in-group (psychology) and a high- or low-status outgr...
We studied the influence of explicitating a social conflict between smokers and nonsmokers on the social representations held about tobacco. Two representations were found: a psychological' representation which was defined by psychological explanations of the causes of beginning to smoke, a characterization of smokers as psychologically disturbed,...
Citations
... Thus, as they could be contaminant, they should be perceived as posing a threat to physical health (Earnshaw, Smith, Chaudoir, Lee, & Copenhaver, 2012) and hence to physical safety. Gypsies are stereotypically perceived as thieves and beggars (Guimelli & Deschamps, 2000;Echebarria Echabe & Fernandez Guede, 2006). Thus, they should be perceived as posing a threat to ingroup property, physical safety, and ingroup values. ...
... Despite its rhetoric, though, some experimental studies inspired by Social Representation Theory speak of representations as 'steering', 'controlling', 'influencing', and 'guiding' behaviour and action (e.g. Echebarria Echabe, Guede, & Castro, 1994;Faucheux & Moscovici, 1968;Thommen, Amann, & von Cranach, 1988). These and other empirical studies subscribe to an 'intentional causality' either explicitly or implicitly by designing studies according to the idea of causal research: They first assess a belief as part of a representation, give it the status of an independent variable X, and subsequently 'observe' a verbal proxy of behaviour as the dependent variable Y. ...
... Additionally, Arab immigrants are often the subject of harmful discrimination that can lead to generational trauma, poor health outcomes, and a suboptimal quality of life [10,11,12,13]. These challenges may pose inequitable public health outcomes and unique barriers to understanding the health needs of Arab Americans in the USA. ...
... Tobacco control policies, either banning smokers from public places (e.g., bars, restaurants, workplaces) or increasing the price of tobacco, have contributed to creating and perpetuating social rejection of smokers (Burgess, Fu, & van Ryn, 2009). Similarly, antismoking campaigns have also exacerbated such a stigmatization (Riley, Ulrich, Hamann, & Ostroff, 2017;Thompson, Barnett, & Pearce, 2009), notably by making negative features of smokers' identity more salient (Falomir-Pichastor, Chatard, Mugny, & Quiamzade, 2009;Falomir-Pichastor & Mugny, 2004), by devaluing and casting doubts on the appropriateness of their group-defining behaviours (e.g., by asserting, as an imperative, that smoking is harmful) and by vividly depicting them as slaves of tobacco, lacking of individual autonomy and self-control capacities, as well as unstable, anxious, and immature persons (Echabe, Guede, & Castro, 1994;Tombor et al., 2015). Moreover, because these campaigns activate the antismoking norm (Rhodes, Roskos-Ewoldsen, Edison, & Bradford, 2008), they inevitably put smokers in a position of social deviance by reminding them what are the appropriate behaviours in society, and that theirs is not. ...
... Based on this representation, there may be a realistic perception of intergroup conflict over the distribution of limited material resources, focused on survival. In the literature on intergroup relations, it is frequently emphasized that intergroup competition increases conflict (e.g., Böhm et al., 2020;Echebarria-Echabe & Guede, 2003;Gordils et al., 2021). Such a perception of competition for limited resources may emerge as an economic threat and financial burden representation. ...
