Eliana Pilar Mera Bravo’s research while affiliated with Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí and other places

This research delves into the importance of entrepreneurship in crisis situations, focusing on a detailed analysis of two of the most significant events in terms of economic and social repercussions that have taken place in Ecuador, such as: The earthquake of April 16, 2016 that affected the provinces of Manabí and Esmeraldas and the COVID 19 pandemic, a global crisis that also affected the country. The methodology used to develop this research combined qualitative and quantitative approaches, using a transversal-correlational design and considering two temporal events for data collection. Direct observation was used as research techniques, which made it possible to monitor the ventures that emerged in response to both events. These data were complemented with a survey applied to 353 inhabitants of Pedernales. The results show that entrepreneurship served as a mechanism to process economic crises by reallocating resources and generating sources of income, allowing them to develop creativity and innovation within businesses. In both crises, different patterns were evident; however, in both crises the implementation of formal and informal enterprises predominated. To guarantee the sustainability of these ventures that were generated in the context of crisis, it is concluded that the implementation of strategies is required to remain competitive in the market.

The article reviews aspects concerning disability and social inclusion as a challenge faced by the State and its public institutions that have been created to ensure compliance with the rights of people with disabilities, briefly describes the types of support they receive from of the State, the number of people with disabilities at the national, regional and local level. From this perspective, the present research aims to analyze disability and social inclusion as a factor that affects socioeconomic development and this, in turn, improves the quality of life of people who engage in economic activities or have a job. For this purpose, we worked with a sample of 6 people who are part of the board of the Fabian Palacios Foundation and 12 public servants from the Ministry of Inclusion and Social Economy. The methodology used in the present investigation was descriptive and field type using deductive and scientific method, the technique used survey. The results obtained show that there are institutions that guide and accompany people with disabilities so that the rights established in the Constitution are fulfilled, however, there are organizations that do not comply with certain legal provisions that protect people with disabilities, so there are no guarantees that they can play a role within the country's economic sector.

The research is oriented to deepen the behavior of the buyers of articles of social expression in commercial dates in the city of Zamora, in Ecuador, especially the stages of the purchase process which are more important for the consumer and the emotions experienced before, during and after purchase. The methodology used was the review of literature from a general framework of consumer behavior to the particular study of consumer behavior in the process of buying social expression items as well as the application of a correlational qualitative-quantitative cross-sectional research. For the study, surveys were applied to a representative sample of 376 young people - adults between the ages of 18 and 32, as well as direct observation techniques, focus group and life stories. Through the research carried out, it was empirically proven that the gift is part of the culture of the Ecuador and constitutes the emotional link to strengthen the relationships, especially in the stage of evaluation of alternatives, information that allowed the microenterprises city to strengthen the relationship between consumer and company through the personalization of the products.