Eli Shukron’s research while affiliated with Israel Antiquities Authority and other places

... XXVIII). They excavated between the foundations of the Western Wall and a parallel supporting wall (Wall 102) from south to north, between Warren's excavations (Reich and Shukron 2011a, 2011b, 2011c, 2012. Subsequently, Shukron continued the excavation to the north until the ascent to the Mughrabi (Moors) Gate (Shukron 2012). ...

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CHAPTER 16 THE WESTERN WALL FOUNDATIONS: STRATIGRAPHY AND ARCHITECTURE

... Shukron (Shukron and Reich 2005) and then by Ben-Ami and Tchekhanovets (Ben-Ami 2013, Figs. 1-2). ...

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Jerusalem in the Early Hellenistic Period:: New Evidence for Its Nature and Location

... The upper edge of the stone partition (length 6.4 m, height 0.75 m, width 0.31 m) was rounded (Bliss and Dickie 1898:142; see Fig. 4: Section G-H), similar to other such architectural elements exposed in the excavations in the Western Wall Tunnels and dated to the Early Roman period (Bahat 2013:280, Ph. 9.07; Weksler-Bdolah 2022: Fig. 15). Additional parts of this stone partition were exposed by Reich and Shukron (2011) in secondary use in Birkat el-Ḥamra. Two more were found in situ at the joining point of the outlet of the Siloam Tunnel and Silwan Pool (Fig. 6). ...

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Ritual Purification and Bathing: The Location and Function of Siloam Pool and Solomon’s Pool in Second Temple Period Jerusalem

... Shops and stalls were located along the sides. 28 In light of the evidence, the street was one of the most important streets in the city; Reich and Shukron did suggest that it was used by pilgrims, but did not go into further detail (Reich and Shukrun 2007;2011b). We suggest, in accordance with the accepted view, that not only did the stairs make the street more impressive, 27 This form of staircase is known from the excavations of the Tomb of the Kings in northern Jerusalem, the Double Gate on the southern wall of the Temple Mount, and Absalom's Pillar. ...

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The Jerusalem pilgrimage road in the second temple period: an anthropological and archaeological perspective

... The Stratum IVA dump exposed in Sq A is identical in its ceramic and numismatic finds to the dump from the Herodian city that was excavated on the eastern slope of the City of David (Reich and Shukron 2003;Reich and Bar-Oz 2006;Gadot 2016) and on the southern slopes of Mt. Zion (Greenwald 2011). ...

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A Herodian-Period Staircase on Mount Zion, Jerusalem, and a Reevaluation of the Remainsfrom Bishop Gobat School (pp. 89–128)

... The latter is a deep fault-line precipice that throughout history defined the eastern boundary of the city. Although protected by massive stone fortification since MB II the city and its waterworks lay dormant from about the 17 th until the late 8 th century BCE (Reich & Shukrun, 1999, 2004 when the city reached its peak size.Whereas Palestine was now threatened by its neighbours from the NW, King Hezekiah's engineers planned and executed a complex engineering project -diverting the water from the GS and transferring the bulk of its waters into the Siloam Pool. The ancient pool, located within the walls at the SE edge of the city offered better protection to the GS waters then the spring environs. ...

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A Sluice Gate in Hezekiah’s (Iron Age II) Aqueduct in Jerusalem: Archaeology, Architecture and the Petrochemical Setting of Its Micro and Macro Structures

... For example, Jerusa- lem's water supply centred on the Gihon spring (Reich and Shukron 2000a) and use was made of the so-called Sheloach tunnel, which carried water from the spring to the nearby fields by means of a series of open- ings and a system of gates ( Shiloh 1984, 22-23). While some of these systems may be dated to the Middle Bronze Age, most belong to the later Iron Age-the time of Hezekiah (Barkay 1992, 333;Reich and Shukron 2000a). Their very nature suggests they served the interests primarily of the urban elite. ...

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Touching the Heart of God: The social construction of poverty among biblical peasants

... The little that is preserved of the script of ivory Seal 2 is particularly fine; the precise double-line border, is often found on the best seals, such as three others that were found in Jerusalem (WSS 464, 689;Reich and Sass 2006:316). The long tail of the yod is noteworthy, with parallels on two monumental inscriptions from the City of David (Naveh 2000:1-2;Reich and Shukron 2008). ...

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Four Hebrew Seals, One Depicting and Assyrian-Like Archer, from the Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (pp. 115–129)

... 1. The southwestern hill was part of the fortified city in the Late Iron II and the Late Hellenistic periods (for the Iron II, see Geva 1979;2003a: 505-18;2003b;Avigad 1983: 31-60;Reich and Shukron 2003; for the Late Hellenistic period, see Geva 1983Geva , 1994Geva , 2003aBroshi and Gibson 1994;Chen, Margalit and Pixner 1994;Sivan and Solar 1994;Wightman 1993: 111-57). ...

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Jerusalem in the Persian (and Early Hellenistic) Period and the Wall of Nehemiah

... In Gibeon (Pritchard, 1961), the tunnel dug at the bottom of the ''pool'' was unequivocally directed to reach a spring, not the groundwater, which was encountered a few meters from the spring (Cole, 1980). In Gezer – where dating is controversial (Macalister, 1912; Yadin, 1969; Dever, 1969) – the tunnel reached groundwater collected in a natural cave, which might has a connection outside the mound (Reich and Shukron, 2003) (Fig. 2b). In the Canaanite city of Arad (Amiran et al., 1985), the construction constitutes a well-like cistern and not water well; groundwater table here is tens of meters below the bottom of the cistern (Fig. 2e). ...

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Hydrogeological insights in antiquity as indicated by Canaanite and Israelite water systems