Eleanor M. Thomas’s research while affiliated with Carleton University and other places
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This report presents findings from the first phase of a longitudinal study examining the development of articulation quality and specific phoneme awareness during the fourth year of life. Articulation and phoneme awareness of /r/ and a control phoneme were assessed for 80 3-year-old children. Children whose articulation of /r/ was accurate for all items were contrasted with those who were accurate on none. The groups differed in their awareness of /r/, after controlling for awareness of the control phoneme on two of the three phoneme awareness tasks and after controlling for relevant cognitive variables. These findings support the hypothesis that accuracy of articulation is related to quality of phoneme awareness in young children.
ABSTRACTS
We examined whether storybook exposure and the amount of teaching in reading and writing skills reported by middle class parents were related to the oral‐language skills (receptive vocabulary, listening comprehension, and phoneme awareness) and the written‐language skills (concepts about book reading, alphabet knowledge, reading CVC words, and invented spelling) of children in kindergarten ( n = 110) and Grade 1 ( n = 47). Hierarchical regression analyses that controlled for parents' print exposure and children's age and analytic intelligence showed that storybook exposure explained statistically significant unique variance in children's oral‐language skills but not in their written‐language skills. In contrast, parent teaching explained statistically significant unique variance in children's written‐language skills but not in their oral‐language skills. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that storybook exposure may enhance children's oral‐language skills whereas additional support in the form of teaching may be necessary to enhance written‐language skills. At the end of Grade 1, children's oral and written language performance accounted for 20% of the variance in word reading, but storybook exposure and parent teaching did not account for additional statistically significant unique variance. These findings suggest that the association between early home literacy experiences and later reading skills may be mediated through children's oral‐ and written‐language skills.
EXAMINAMOS SI la exposición a libros de cuentos y la cantidad de experiencias de enseñanza de habilidades de lectura y escritura, obtenidas a partir de los informes de padres de clase media, estaban relacionadas con las habilidades de lenguaje oral (vocabulario receptivo, comprensión oral y concienca fonológica) y con las habilidades de lenguaje escrito (conceptos sobre la lectura de libros, conocimiento del alfabeto, lectura de palabras CVC y escrituras inventadas). Participaron del estudio niños de preescolar ( n = 110) y 1er. Grado ( n = 47). Los análisis de regresión jerárquica, controlando la exposisción a la lengua escrita de los padres y, la edad de los niños y la inteligencia analítica, mostraron que la exposición a libros de cuentos explicó una proporción única estadísticamente significativa de la variancia en las habilidades de lenguaje oral pero no en las habilidades de lenguaje escrito. Por el contrario, la enseñanza de los padres explicó una proporción única estadísticamente significativa de la variancia en las habilidades de lenguaje escrito pero no en las habilidades de lenguaje oral. Estos hallazgos son consistentes con la hipótesis de que la exposición a libros de cuentos puede mejorar las habilidades de lenguaje oral de los niños, en tanto que puede ser necesario un apoyo adicional en la forma de enseñar para mejorar las habilidades de lenguaje escrito. A fines de 1er. Grado, el desempeño oral y escrito de los niños dió cuenta del 20% de la variancia en lectura de palabras, pero la exposición a libros de cuentos y la enseñanza de los padres no explicó una proporción adicional estadísticamente significativa de la variancia. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la asociación entre las experiencias de alfabetización tempranas en el hogar y las habilidades de lectura posteriores pueden estar mediadas por las habilidades de lenguaje oral y escrito de los niños.
UNTERSUCHTEN, ob der Einfluß von Geschichten und die Unterrichtsanzahl beim Vermitteln von Lese‐ und Schreibfertigkeiten, wie von Eltern der Mittelschicht berichtet, in einer Beziehung mit den mündlichen Sprachfertigkeiten (rezeptiver Wortschatz, Hörverständnis und phonemische Aufnahmefähigkeit) standen, und verglichen sprachliche Schreibfertigkeiten (Konzepte zum Buchlesen, Kenntnis des Alphabets, Lesen von CVC [Consonant‐Vowel‐Consonant bzw. Konsonant‐Vokal‐Konsonant] Worten und ersonnenes Buchstabieren) von Kindern im Kindergarten ( n = 110) und in der 1. Klasse ( n = 47). Hierarchische Regressionsanalysen zur kontrollierten Bemessung des elterlichen Aufwands an Druckmaterial, dem Alter der Kinder und deren analytischer Intelligenz zeigten, daß der Bucheinfluß von Geschichten statistisch eine deutliche, ausgeprägte Abweichung bei der Bemessung der mündlichen Sprachfähigkeiten bei diesen Kindern aufweist, jedoch nicht bei deren Schreibfähigkeiten. Im Widerspruch dazu ergab elterlicher Unterricht statistisch wesentliche Abweichungen bei den Schreibfertigkeiten der Kinder, jedoch nicht bei deren mündlichen Sprachfähigkeiten. Diese Erkenntnisse befinden sich im Einklang mit der Hypothese, daß das Anbieten bzw. Lesen von Geschichten aus Büchern mündliche Sprachfertigkeiten steigern kann, wobei zusätzliche Unterstützung in Form von Unterricht nötig werden könnte, um schriftliche Sprachfähigkeiten zu fördern. Mit Abschluß der 1. Klasse betrug die Veränderung in der mündlichen und schriftlichen Sprachleistung 20% beim Lesen von Worten, jedoch konnte die Heranführung an Geschichten aus Büchern und der elterliche Unterricht statistisch nicht mehr als besonders herausragende Abweichung nachgewiesen werden. Diese Befunde lassen vermuten, daß die Verbindung zwischen frühzeitigen Sprachausbildungserfahrungen zu Hause und späteren Leseleistungen durch erworbene mündliche und schriftliche Sprachfertigkeiten der Kinder vermittelt wird.
NOUS AVONS examiné si l'exposition à la lecture de livres de jeunesse et la place faite à l'enseignement de la lecture et de l'écriture, tels que rapportés par des parents de classe moyenne, sont liés aux compétences en langue parlée (vocabulaire passif, compréhension du discours, et conscience phonémique) et écrite (représentation de la lecture de livres, connaissance de l'alphabet, lecture de mots CVC, et écriture inventée) chez des enfants de maternelle ( n =110) et de première année ( n = 47). Des analyses de régression hiérarchique contrôlant l'exposition à l'écrit par les parents, l'âge de l'enfant et l'intelligence analytique ont montré que l'exposition à la lecture de livres de jeunesse rend compte d'une variation statistiquement significative des compétences en langue parlée des enfants, mais pas de leurs compétences en langue écrite. Par contre, l'enseignement effectué par les parents rend compte d'une variation statistiquement significative des compétences en langue écrite des enfants, mais non de leurs compétences en langue parlée. Ces résultats sont en harmonie avec l'hypothèse que l'exposition à la lecture de livres de jeunesse permet d'améliorer les compétences des enfants en langue parlée, tandis qu'un apport supplémentaire sous forme d'enseignement peut s'avérer nécessaire pour améliorer leurs compétences en langue écrite. En fin de première année, la connaissance qu'ont les enfants du langage oral et écrit rend compte de 20% de la variance en lecture de livres, alors que l'exposition à la lecture de livres de jeunesse et l'enseignement effectué par les parents n'apportent pas de contribution supplémentaire à la variance. Ces résultats suggèrent qu'il est possible que l'association entre les expériences initiales de lecture‐écriture à la maison et les compétences ultérieures en lecture‐écriture soient médiatisées par les compétences des enfants en langue orale et écrite.
Two experiments were conducted to assess how children who differ in vocabulary knowledge learn new vocabulary incidentally from listening to stories read aloud. In both experiments, 4-yr-old children were classified as having either high or low word knowledge on the basis of a median split of their Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test—Revised (PPVT—R) standard scores. In Exp 1, children either listened passively or labeled pictures using novel words during the book readings. We found that children with larger vocabularies produced more novel words than did children with smaller vocabularies, and children who answered questions during the book readings comprehended and produced more words than did children who passively listened to the story. In Exp 2, children either listened to readings of a book, pointed to pictures during the readings, or labeled pictures during the readings. Children with larger vocabularies comprehended more novel words than did children with smaller vocabularies. Children who actively participated by labeling or pointing learned more words than did children who listened passively to book readings. Findings clarify the role of active responding by demonstrating that verbal and nonverbal responding are effective means of enhancing vocabulary acquisition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
... The design of the family's literacy environment has been regarded as an important part of the family language policy and parental strategies for the upbringing of multilingual and multiliterate children (Curdt-Christiansen & Huang, 2020;Said, 2021). Numerous large-scale studies from Home Literacy Environment (HLE) research have shown that rich literacy-related resources, activities, and interactions available within the home environment contribute greatly to children's language development and literacy skills (Burgess et al., 2002;Sénéchal et al., 1996Sénéchal et al., , 1998Sénéchal & Young, 2008), However, despite some preliminary findings, there is little systematic knowledge about the specific forms of heritage language literacy environments in transnational families and how parents construct these environments to support their children's heritage language and literacy learning in the context of migration. Focused on Chinese transnational families in France and Germany, this study addresses this knowledge gap by drawing on longitudinal ethnographic data from four selected transnational families from the broader research. ...
... De modo geral, a eficácia de intervenções com narrações de histórias para a aprendizagem do vocabulário de crianças pré-escolares é medida por meio de tarefas de reconhecimento, que avaliam se a criança relaciona determinada palavra ditada a uma, dentre um conjunto de figuras apresentadas (Sénéchal et al., 1995). Essas tarefas são desenhadas para medir se a criança passa a relacionar a palavra ouvida durante a narração da história a um referente visual específico. ...
... It is widely accepted that QPR is measured by phonological processing tasks and that underdeveloped PRs or, lower quality PRs negatively influence phonological processing. Recent studies either examine general quality of PRs [1,2,7], or tackle the relations among articulation accuracy, phonological awareness and perceptual development [4,5,8,15,16,18,19,20]. It can be concluded from those studies that the QPR is usually measured by articulation accuracy, speech sound perception and phonological processing. ...