Elaine Hatfield’s research while affiliated with University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa and other places

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Publications (141)


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Measuring Love Around the World: A Cross-Cultural Reliability Generalization
  • Article
  • Publisher preview available

November 2024

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84 Reads

Sexuality & Culture

Cyrille Feybesse

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Elaine Hatfield

We collected international studies that have used the Passionate Love Scale, the Love Attitudes Scale and the Triangular Love Scale in order to check the stability of reliability estimates of these measures across different cultures until mid-2017. We used cultural dimensions to verify if the different love components of these scales could have some cultural effects on their reliabilities. We were able to gather 79 studies from 33 countries representing 32,867 participants. We used a variance stabilizing transformation to compare Cronbach’s alphas estimations, bivariate correlation analysis for confounding and moderator analysis to check for the reliability across demographic information and various test-characteristics. The results indicated that the love dimensions tended to be reliable across studies and countries and were relatively free of cultural influences. Participants across the world tended to evaluate their romantic feelings with similar consistency and these measures should be reliable worldwide.

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When Your Heart Goes Bumpity Bump: Neurological Characteristics of Love

August 2023

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2 Reads

Social interaction is a complex matter, but is there a simple and yet comprehensive way of describing and understanding social interaction? This book provides an answer to this question by presenting the original roots and subsequent refinements and developments of social resource theory (SRT). SRT highlights an important aspect of social interaction and interpersonal relationships—the resources being exchanged. This field of research was generally neglected until 1971 when Uriel G. Foa developed SRT, focusing much attention to the importance of specifying exactly what it is that people give and receive in their interactions and making distinctions among the underlying qualities of those objects. Foa presented a typology of six major resource classes and arranged them in a circular order along the two dimensions particularism and concreteness, thereby providing a basis for predictions about how suitable they are for various interpersonal exchanges. The scope of SRT, as presented in the monograph by Foa and Foa published in 1974, which is abridged and provided in Part I of the this volume, constitutes a remarkable integration and reanalysis of social psychological theories via the resource exchange paradigm. Part II of this volume includes chapters on current issues, developments, and applications of SRT as described by 11 scholars. This volume has a simple and clear-cut message: SRT is not an exercise in academic hairsplitting but, rather, has far-reaching societal implications.



Curiosity

September 2022

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8 Reads

This collection of first-person accounts from legendary social psychologists tells the stories behind the science and offers unique insight into the development of the field from the 1950s to the present. One pillar, the grandson of a slave, was inspired by Kenneth Clark. Yet when he entered his PhD program in the 1960s, he was told that race was not a variable for study. Other pillars faced first-hand a type of sexism that was hardly subtle, when women were not permitted into the faculty dining room. Still others have lived through a tremendous diversification of social psychology, not only in the United States but in Europe and Asia, that characterizes the field today. Together these stories, always witty and sometimes emotional, form a mosaic of the field as a whole – its legends, their theories and research, their relationships with one another, and their sense of where social psychology is headed.


Ratings of the physical attractiveness of an interaction partner after a getting‐acquainted interaction

May 2022

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136 Reads

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1 Citation

Personal Relationships

This study examined college students' judgments of the physical attractiveness of an interaction partner after a getting‐acquainted interaction, including in comparison with other benchmarks (e.g., an experimenter rating, a self‐rating). With data combined from several past laboratory studies, we found that participants (particularly women who were interacting with another woman) overall rated their interaction partner after a brief interaction to be more attractive than three benchmarks: (1) how the partners were judged by more neutral experimenters who had less interaction with them; (2) how the partners rated themselves; and (3) the participants' own self‐ratings of physical attractiveness. Evidence was found for a prediction derived from interaction appearance theory – ratings of the quality (enjoyment) of the interaction were positively associated with ratings of the partner's physical attractiveness. We also explored whether participants' ratings of the physical attractiveness of their interaction partner were affected by factors about the participant (own physical attractiveness, relationship status) and about the context of their communication (modality, type of get‐acquainted task). Despite prior work suggesting that physical attractiveness ratings of others are malleable depending on a host of other factors, personal and contextual variables considered in this study were generally not associated with how the participants rated the physical attractiveness of their interaction partner.




Political Identities, Emotions, and Relationships

April 2021

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23 Reads

Political identities tie us to families, friends, generations, and educational groups. In this chapter we will discuss the powerful emotions that arise when strongly held political identities come into conflict. In America, many recent Thanksgiving dinners dissolve into chaos when Trump supporters and Trump opponents insist on airing their views—often loudly. How can such family feuds be avoided? We end the chapter by discussing techniques for avoiding the contagion of anger in these and other explosive settings.



Citations (68)


... Another issue involves cross-cultural validity (Cartagena-Ramos et al., 2018): although sexual desire may be conditioned by cultural (Hatfield & Rapson, 1993) and gendered (Rubin et al., 2019) sexual scripts, few studies had investigated the validity of the SDI-2 in different countries and cultural contexts. Moreover, before the ISS commenced, the SDI-2 was only available in a limited number of languages (English [Spector et al., 1996], Spanish [Ortega et al., 2006] or Portuguese [Peixoto et al., 2020]). ...

Reference:

Cross-Cultural Validation of the Sexual Desire Inventory (SDI-2) in 42 Countries and 26 Languages
Historical and Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Passionate Love and Sexual Desire
  • Citing Article
  • November 2012

Annual Review of Sex Research

... This proscription appears to be relaxing, however, with Chinese adults observed kissing and hugging, even in public. Some scholars have argued that this change is due to the exposure to the West, especially expressive North American cultures (Dion and Dion, 1993;Hatfield and Forbes, 2013). In the present research, we propose that shifts from rural community (e.g., subsistence, collectivistic) to urban society (e.g., commercial, individualistic) in China and the United States have further contributed to increases in the acceptance of affectionate behavior. ...

Culture and Passionate Love
  • Citing Conference Paper
  • January 2011

... Equity Theory posits that employees assess fairness based on their input-output ratios compared to others (Adams, 1965). Collaborative conflict resolution aligns with these fairness expectations by actively addressing and resolving issues (Hatfield, 2023), thereby enhancing OJP when CRT is implemented. Social exchange theory, which focuses on reciprocal relationships, suggests that fair and transparent conflict management fosters trust and positive reciprocation (Blau, 1964). ...

Equity Theory of Organizations
  • Citing Chapter
  • June 2018

... These motives can be altruistic or self-centered and spiritual or utilitarian; they can be related to the search for positive affect or result from physical or verbal constraints; they can be rooted in social norms or be an act of revenge. The diversity of sexual motives is due to the multiple functions of sexuality, the variation in individual characteristics and developmental history, and to the influence of specific cultural-based factors (Cooper et al. 2011;Hatfield and Bensman 2012;Impett et al. 2008). ...

Sexual Motives and Quality of Life
  • Citing Chapter
  • August 2021

... Lower powered participants may pay more attention to a higher status partner due to power being associated with influence over outcomes and dependency (Fiske, 1993). People's emotions will be more contagious when others are attending to their mood and emotions (Hatfield & Rapson, 2004). In other words, status begets influence over outcomes and in some cases increased attention (Magee & Galinsky, 2008). ...

Emotional Contagion: Religious and Ethnic Hatreds and Global Terrorism
  • Citing Chapter
  • September 2004

... It is a universal phenomenon (Feybesse & Hatfield, 2019;Hendrick & Hendrick, 2020). Therefore, it is not surprising that in recent decades love has been a key topic in social psychology (Aron & Westbay, 1996;Fehr & Russell, 1991;Hatfield et al., 2007;Hazan & Shaver, 1987;Hendrick & Hendrik, 1986;Rubin, 1970;Sternberg, 1986;Sternberg & Sternberg, 2019). One of the most fertile theories was the colors of love or the love styles provided by Lee (1973Lee ( , 1977Lee ( , 1988. Lee (1973) defines love as an attitude, meaning a predisposition to think, feel, and behave toward a partner. ...

Passionate Love
  • Citing Chapter
  • December 2018

... Starting from the definition given by Greenhaus and Beutell (1985) to the work-family conflict, its anticipation can be defined as "a belief that future participation in a role at work will interfere with future participation in a role in the family and vice-versa" (Westring and Ryan 2011, 597). Some studies showed that anticipated work-family conflict had low to medium prevalence rates among US undergraduate students and was related to career success (Campbell, Campbell, and Watkins 2015;de Andrade et al. 2019). Also, the anticipated work-family conflict can be integrated into the social cognitive career theory (SCCT; Lent, Brown, and Hackett 1994). ...

Anticipated work-family conflict in Brazilian university students

Psychologica

... Mass media, comprising print, electronic, and social media platforms, plays a significant but overlooked role in shaping societal attitudes toward dowry through advertisements, television programs, and social media campaigns, subtly reinforcing materialistic ideals and societal expectations surrounding weddings and marital customs (Fiedler, 2024). Images of extravagant weddings and lavish dowry exchanges permeate popular culture, influencing perceptions of happiness and success (Hatfield, et al., 2020;Song, 2021). ...

What's Next in Love and Sex: Psychological and Cultural PerspectivesPsychological and Cultural Perspectives
  • Citing Book
  • April 2020

... Stigma sosial terhadap perempuan yang terlibat dalam seks bebas masih ada, meskipun di masyarakat urban hal ini cenderung lebih diterima dan dimaklumi (Hatfield et al., 2020). Jika perilaku seksual mereka terungkap, mahasiswi mungkin menghadapi penilaian negatif dari masyarakat, keluarga, atau teman-teman, yang dapat menimbulkan tekanan emosional dan dampak psikologis yang serius . ...

The Hookup Culture: Cultural, Social, and Gender Influences on Casual SexCultural, Social, and Gender Influences on Casual Sex
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2020

... Exposure to the 4 Ts has also altered who is deemed a romantic partner in the first place. Exposure to Western-dominated films and media that idealize romantic love (Hatfield et al., 2020;McKenzie et al., 2021), for instance, likely reshapes the partnerships that adolescents in LMICs envision for themselvesdspearheading an especially dramatic transformation in nations such as India, where family has long exerted considerable control over relationship formation. In India and elsewhere, globalization has pushed visions of relationships in an autonomous direction, with individual agency and personal satisfaction now taking center stage. ...

The Globalization of Western Love via the Internet
  • Citing Chapter
  • April 2020