Eimy Eliana Espinoza Guamán’s research while affiliated with Unidad Educativa Atenas and other places

Bullying in the school environment can be considered as violent behavior essentially harmful to children of Basic Education in several ways, fundamentally for the student's academic performance, his mood, self-esteem and creates a hostile environment in the school . One of its main causes is associated with the cultural diversity existing in the school context due to multiple manifestations, such as migration and social exclusion due to ethnicity, race, beliefs, customs, sexual preferences, physical characteristics, among others. This text intends to analyze bullying in the school environment, by describing and explaining its most common manifestations of the school context, to help eliminate, and at least, decrease in Ecuador, such an ominous practice. To develop it, the qualitative methodology is applied, and various bibliographies and documents are consulted, descriptive analytical methods are used, as well as synthetic analytics. Finally, a broad description and reflection is offered, which could contribute to promoting a healthy coexistence in educational institutions.

A pesar de los esfuerzos del Estado y Gobierno ecuatorianos por garantizar a todos sus ciudadanos una educación de calidad, aún se observan falencias e insuficiencias en la implementación de la educación inclusiva; situación que motivó esta investigación descriptiva de tipo revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de analizar la importancia de la educación inclusiva en la Enseñanza Básica. La estrategia metodológica se sustentó en los métodos de investigación científica, hermenéutico y analítico-sintético, los que permitieron arribar a los siguientes resultados: la finalidad de la educación inclusiva es mejorar la calidad de la educación y terminar con todos los tipos de exclusión que se viven con frecuencia en las escuelas. En nuestro país existe un cuerpo legal que garantiza este derecho; sin embargo, aún subsisten manifestaciones en la práctica educativa que implican exclusión, lo que precisa continuar perfeccionando las acciones para cumplir con las políticas nacionales e internacionales.

Despite the efforts of the Ecuadorian State and Government to guarantee all its citizens a quality education, there are still shortcomings and insufficiencies in the implementation of inclusive education; situation that motivated this descriptive investigation of type bibliographic revision with the objective of analyzing the importance of the inclusive education in the Basic Education. The methodological strategy was based on scientific, hermeneutical and analytical-synthetic research methods, which allowed us to arrive at the following results: the purpose of inclusive education is to improve the quality of education and end all types of exclusion that are they live frequently in schools. In our country there is a legal body that guarantees this right; However, there are still manifestations in the educational practice that imply exclusion, which needs to continue improving the actions to comply with national and international policies.

Las redes sociales cobran cada día mayor importancia para los procesos educativos; existe diversidad de criterios de su uso en este contexto; lo que motiva la reflexión en torno a la pregunta: ¿Qué influencia tienen las redes sociales en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de educación secundaria? En tal sentido se realizó un estudio descriptivo de revisión bibliográfica, que transcurrió a través de la revisión documental y la hermenéutica. Los principales hallazgos destacan que estas plataformas virtuales por su interactividad y segmentación pueden ser valiosos recursos didácticos de apoyo al proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, que adecuadamente utilizadas benefician el rendimiento académico. Entre los riesgos de su inapropiado empleo se encuentran: convertirse en víctimas de cibernautas inescrupulosos, disminución de las relaciones familiares, sociales y entre los coetáneos, establecimiento de amistades superficiales y banales con la consabida pérdida de valores humanos, desarrollar dependencia y bajo rendimiento académico. Entre las señales de adicción a estas redes se encuentran: privarse del sueño para estar conectado a la red y descuidar las actividades de la vida cotidiana.

Social networks are increasingly important for educational processes; there is a diversity of criteria for its use in this context what motivates the reflection on the question: What influence do social networks have on the academic performance of secondary school students? In this sense, a descriptive study of bibliographic review was carried out, which passed through the documentary review and the hermeneutics. The main findings highlight that these virtual platforms, due to their interactivity and segmentation, can be valuable didactic resources in support of the teaching-learning process, which properly used benefit academic performance. Among the risks of their inappropriate employment are: becoming victims of unscrupulous cybernauts, decreasing family, social and peer relationships, establishing superficial and banal friendships with the usual loss of human values, developing dependency and low academic performance. Among the signs of addiction to these networks are: to deprive oneself of the dream to be connected to the network and to neglect the activities of daily life.