Egidio Robusto's research while affiliated with University of Padova and other places
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Publications (47)
The article presents a new computerized adaptive testing (CAT) procedure for use with batteries of unidimensional tests. At each step of testing, the estimate of a certain ability is updated on the basis of the response to the latest administered item and the current estimates of all other abilities measured by the battery. The information deriving...
The present work aims at developing a scale for the assessment of a construct that we called “physical–digital integration”, which refers to the tendency of some individuals not to perceive a clear differentiation between feelings and perceptions that pertain to the physical or digital environment. The construct is articulated in four facets: ident...
This work illustrates the advantages of using machine learning classifiers in psychiatric assessment. Machine learning-decision trees (ML-DTs) represent a new approach to scoring and interpreting psychodiagnostic test data that allows for increasing assessment accuracy and efficiency. The approach is outlined in an easy yet detailed way, and its ap...
The measure obtained from the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald et al., 1998. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464) is often used to predict people’s behaviors. However, it has shown poor predictive ability potentially because of its typical scoring method (the D score), which is affected by the across-trial variability in the IAT data and migh...
The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is commonly used for the indirect assessment of psychological constructs. While the features of the IAT that might influence the performance of the respondents have been extensively investigated, the effect of informing the respondents about the correctness of their responses (i.e., feedback presentation) has bee...
Background: The Diagnostic Adaptive Behavior Scale (DABS) is a short scale with excellent properties to assess the conceptual, social, and practical adaptive behavior domains for the diagnosis of intellectual disability (ID) in individuals aged 4–21 years.
Aims: Investigate the test-retest and inter-respondent reliability of the Italian adaptation...
The work deals with the assessment of the set of skills an individual has available in a certain disciplinary domain (which is called the competence state) from the responses of this individual to test items. Competence-based test development is introduced as a novel approach for developing tests for skill assessment. Given a fixed collection of sk...
Background
To limit the spread of the COVID-19 emergency, a massive vaccination program was implemented and restrictive measures were imposed on the population. However, the propensity to adhere to the vaccination program has struggled to take off. Moreover, complying with the restrictive rules and maintaining social distancing have been highly dis...
div>The indirect investigation of psychological constructs has become prominent in social sciences thanks to the so-called implicit measures. Different implicit measures can be administered concurrently to the same respondents for obtaining detailed and multifaceted information on the constructs of interest. In this study, a Rasch analysis of accur...
div>The indirect investigation of psychological constructs has become prominent in social sciences thanks to the so-called implicit measures. Different implicit measures can be administered concurrently to the same respondents for obtaining detailed and multifaceted information on the constructs of interest. In this study, a Rasch analysis of accur...
Bivariate Markov processes (BMPs) described by Ephraim and Mark (2012) consist of a pair of stochastic processes in the continuous time, one observable and the other latent, that are jointly Markov. In the present article, the navigation behavior and the learning process of a user of a web-based tutoring system are jointly modeled as BMPs constrain...
The South Oaks Gambling Screen–Revised Adolescent (SOGS-RA) is one of the most widely used screening tools for problem gambling among adolescents. In this study, item response theory was used for computing measures of problem gambling severity that took into account how much information the endorsed items provided about the presence of problem gamb...
This book includes 25 peer-reviewed short papers submitted to the Scientific Opening Conference titled “Statistics and Information Systems for Policy Evaluation”, aimed at promoting new statistical methods and applications for the evaluation of policies and organized by the Association for Applied Statistics (ASA) and the Department of Statistics,...
This book includes 40 peer-reviewed short papers submitted to the Scientific Conference titled Statistics and Information Systems for Policy Evaluation, aimed at promoting new statistical methods and applications for the evaluation of policies and organized by the Association for Applied Statistics (ASA) and the Dept. of Statistics, Computer Scienc...
The present work shows how useful clinical insights can derive from a Rasch analysis of repgrids. Rasch models allow meaningful comparisons not only within elements and within constructs, but also between them. In addition, they allow the identification of unexpected evaluations that should be further explored with the respondent. Large values of i...
The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is one of the most commonly used measures for the implicit assessment of preferences and attitudes. Nevertheless, the meaning of the IAT effect remains unclear. Since the IAT is based on the speed and accuracy with which different stimuli are categorized in the category to which they belong, the sense of the IAT...
The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is one of the most commonly used measures for the implicit assessment of preferences and attitudes. Nevertheless, the meaning of the IAT effect remains unclear. Since the IAT is based on the speed and accuracy with which different stimuli are categorized in the category to which they belong, the sense of the IAT...
An intelligent tutoring system for learning basic statistics, called Stat-Knowlab, is presented and analyzed. The algorithms implemented in the system are based on the competence-based knowledge space theory, a mathematical theory developed for the formative assessment of knowledge and learning. The system’s architecture consists of the two assessm...
The discrimination-association model (DAM; Stefanutti et al. 2013) disentangles two components underlying the responses to the implicit association test (IAT), which pertain to stimuli discrimination (the strength of the association of the stimuli with their own category) and automatic association (the strength of the association between targets an...
p>The advent of implicit measures opened the access to processes of which people might not be completely aware but that can still influence their attitudes, preferences, and behaviors towards different objects. Among the existing implicit measures, the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) is one of the most studied a...
p>The advent of implicit measures opened the access to processes of which people might not be completely aware but that can still influence their attitudes, preferences, and behaviors towards different objects. Among the existing implicit measures, the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) is one of the most studied a...
Several options are available for computing the most common score for the Implicit Association Test, the so-called D-score. However, all these options come with some drawbacks, related to either the need for a license, for being tailored on a specific administration procedure, or for requiring a degree of familiarity with programming. By using the...
In psychophysics, the point of subject equality (PSE) is any of the points along a stimulus dimension at which a variable stimulus (visual, tactile, auditory, and so on) is judged by an observer to be equal to a standard stimulus. Rasch models have been found to offer a valid solution for computing the PSE when the method of constant stimuli is app...
Three measures of internal consistency – Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR20), Cronbach’s alpha (α), and person separation reliability (R) – are considered. KR20 and α are common measures in classical test theory, whereas R is developed in modern test theory and, more precisely, in Rasch measurement. These three measures specify the observed variance...
The present work consists of two studies. In the first study, a new abbreviated form of the EPQ-R (six items per scale) was developed from the 100 items of the full-length version of the questionnaire. Methods and procedures developed within the framework of multidimensional IRT were used for this purpose. In the second study, the abbreviated quest...
The present work aims at developing a new version of the short form of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised, which includes Psychoticism, Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Lie scales (48 items, 12 per scale). The work consists of two studies. In the first one, an item response theory model was estimated on the responses of 590 individuals to...
We compare four common data collection techniques to elicit preferences: the rating of items, the ranking of items, the partitioning of a given amount of points among items, and a reduced form of the technique for comparing items in pairs. University students were randomly assigned a questionnaire employing one of the four techniques. All questionn...
If the automatic item generation is used for generating test items, the question of how the equivalence among different instances may be tested is fundamental to assure an accurate assessment. In the present research, the question was dealt by using the knowledge space theory framework. Two different ways of considering the equivalence among instan...
This work aims to develop a new version of the Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised-Abbreviated (JEPQR-A) with improved measurement properties. Two studies were carried out and various analyses performed. In the first study, the 89 items of the full version of the questionnaire were administered to a sample of participants (N = 549) and...
The skill-based extension of the theory of knowledge structures forms the framework for addressing the problem of whether it is possible to uniquely assess the skills underlying the solution behavior exhibited on some set of items. Technically speaking, the paper strives for characterizing the so-called conjunctive skill functions, assigning to eac...
Conclusion:
The high rates of completed questionnaires returned and the psychometric validation of the results collected indicate that the evaluation system reported herein can be effectively implemented. Efforts should be made to refine this system and, more importantly, to document its impact in improving the Pediatric Residency Program. What is...
Twenty-nine teams involving 61 analysts used the same dataset to address the same research question: whether soccer referees are more likely to give red cards to dark skin toned players than light skin toned players. Analytic approaches varied widely across teams, and estimated effect sizes ranged from 0.89 to 2.93 in odds ratio units, with a media...
Twenty-nine teams involving 61 analysts used the same dataset to address the same research question: whether soccer referees are more likely to give red cards to dark skin toned players than light skin toned players. Analytic approaches varied widely across teams, and estimated effect sizes ranged from 0.89 to 2.93 in odds ratio units, with a media...
The gain–loss model (GaLoM) is a formal model for assessing knowledge and learning. In its original formulation, the GaLoM assumes independence among the skills. Such an assumption is not reasonable in several domains, in which some preliminary knowledge is the foundation for other knowledge. This paper presents an extension of the GaLoM to the cas...
In knowledge space theory, existing adaptive assessment procedures can only be applied when suitable estimates of their parameters are available. In this paper, an iterative procedure is proposed, which upgrades its parameters with the increasing number of assessments. The first assessments are run using parameter values that favor accuracy over ef...
Missing data are a well known issue in statistical inference, because some responses may be missing, even when data are collected carefully. The problem that arises in these cases is how to deal with missing data. In this article, the missingness is analyzed in knowledge space theory, and in particular when the basic local independence model (BLIM)...
Citations
... The lower the value of parameter τ, the faster respondent p is. The suitability and usefulness of this approach for analyzing IAT data has already been proved (e.g., Epifania et al., 2022b). ...
... Their results indicated good appropriateness and reasonable acceptability, but low assessment fidelity of the TV-22 by some practitioners, highlighting the importance of evaluating implementation outcomes when a new measure is developed to ensure its appropriateness and correct use by stakeholders. Balboni et al. (2022) investigated test-retest and inter-respondent reliability and diagnostic accuracy in identifying individuals with ID and excluding individuals with typical development of the Italian adaptation of the Diagnostic Adaptive Behavior Scale (DABS), a short scale that assesses the conceptual, social, and practical adaptive behavior domains for the diagnosis of intellectual disability in individuals aged 4-21 years. The results highlighted that the Italian DABS is an excellent measure to evaluate adaptive behavior for ID diagnosis; its utility is comparable to the Vineland-II, but, being shorter, the Italian DABS requires less time to administer. ...
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... Three items were administered to evaluate satisfaction with social relationships [e.g., "I feel satisfied with my social relationships"; see Colledani et al. (2021Colledani et al. ( , 2022]. The items were scored on a five-point Likert scale (from 1 "Strongly disagree" to 5 "Strongly agree"). ...
... As Carlsson & Agerström (2016) noted, despite all the concerns about the test, the IAT provides an effective tool for investigating attitudes, preferences, and stereotypes. Epifania et al. (2021) also reported that the IAT has the potential to be used in an even broader and more varied range of research fields in the future. Regardless, for all this to be feasible and for the validity of the results obtained in neuromarketing research not to be questioned, several disciplines need to be coordinated, including the latest advances in neuroscience, psychology, and economics (Varga, 2016). ...
... As one of the most widely used tools for evaluating adolescent problem gambling, the South Oaks Gambling Screen-Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA) has shown a unidimensional structure and good psychometric properties in terms of internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and criterion-related validity in samples of Italian and Canadian secondary school students [10,11]. Admittedly, there are other alternatives, less popular assessment instruments of adolescent GD, available other than SOGS-RA, such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-Multiple Response-Adapted for Juveniles (DSM-IV-MR-J) [12] and the Canadian Adolescent Gambling Inventory (CAGI) [13]; however, only SOGS-RA and DSM-IV-MR-J were consistently endorsed as the best tools for screening adolescent gambling problems in reviews [3,14]. ...
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... Self-directed learners require more time to assess and choose suitable learning materials [33]. A new form of online educational environments, like intelligent tutoring systems are interactive and can personalize learning processes suited to personal requirements, characteristics, and pace of learning [34]. EPM provides the great potential to monitor these personal learning paths. ...
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... Since these instruments are meant for workers, they may not be appropriate for assessing PsyCap traits among fresh graduates who are only about to enter the labor market. To overcome this limitation, a new instrument has been recently developed for measuring PsyCap among students and fresh graduates: The Academic PsyCap (Anselmi et al., 2021;Robusto et al., 2019). It includes four scales that measure the traits of the psychological capital (i.e., self-efficacy, resilience, optimism, and hope) and has been found to be significantly associated with several variables (e.g., entrepreneurial disposition and the number of actions taken to search for a job) that are relevant for students and young workers at the beginning of their careers. ...
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... The Rasch analysis is used to evaluate the reliability of the data for evaluating digital and teaching creativity [15]. According to Colledani et al. [16], the Rasch model is considered a latent trait analysis, providing a response of an individual to an item based on the item and individual characteristics. Furthermore, the Rasch model is an objective measure of valid data, regardless of the construct or instrument employed, as reported by Boone and Noltemeyer [17] as cited in Program Committee of the Institute for Objective Measurement [18]. ...
... 22) then used Zawacki-Richter's four uses of AIEd for their recent systematic review. In this systematic review, 18 studies specifically mentioned that they were using an ITS. The ITS code did not necessitate axial codes as they were performing the same type of function in HE, namely, in providing adaptive instruction to the students. For example, de Chiusole et. al. (2020) developed Stat-Knowlab, an ITS that provides the level of competence and best learning path for each student. Thus Stat-Knowlab personalizes students' learning and provides only educational activities that the student is ready to learn. This ITS is able to monitor the evolution of the learning process as the student interacts with the s ...
... We shortened the Victim Incivility Scale based on EFA indices rather than using a response theory (IRT)-based methodology (i.e., a methodology which assesses the associations between a respondent's response on an item and its corresponding latent variable level; Edelen & Reeve, 2007), which allows to retain the most informative items as well as to identify misfitting items and items exhibiting differential item TPM Vol. 29, No. 3, September 2022359-375 © 2022 Italian version of the Victim Incivility Scale functioning, maintaining assessment precision and facilitating the comparison with the original instrument (see, e.g., , 2019a, 2019bReise, 2009). Thus, we were interested in the properties of the overall scale and our relatively small sample size limited the possibility to achieve sufficient accuracy of the estimates that may be attained from the utilization of IRT. ...
