Edward Carlson’s research while affiliated with United States Geological Survey and other places

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Publications (1)

Figure 1. Mark set in concrete post. 
Figure 2. Stainless steel rod mark. 
Figure 3. Differential leveling, Guam. 
Table 3 . Height differences for the island of Saipan, CNMI.
Figure 4. Differential leveling, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. 

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Development of Comprehensive Geodetic Vertical Datums for the United States Pacific Territories of American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern Marianas
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March 2009

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1,579 Reads

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4 Citations

Surveying and Land Information Science

Edward Carlson

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David Doyle

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The importance of establishing accurate heights to support engineering, mapping, and scientific applications is very well recognized. A network of stable, easily accessible survey control points, referred to as bench marks (BMs), is crucial to a wide range of activities, including coastal zone management, floodplain mapping, stormwater and sewer utility management, large-scale engineering projects, hurricane evacuation and recovery planning, and topographic mapping. The official heights reported on a network of BMs are usually defined with respect to a regional, national, or international geodetic datum, such as the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88). In the United States, the official vertical datums of each region are fundamental components of the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS), which is maintained by the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), an office of the National Ocean Service (NOS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

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