Eduardo Góes Neves's research while affiliated with University of São Paulo and other places

... Indigenous Peoples have been part of Amazonia for countless generations and are the lands' staunchest guardians against the threats of deforestation and degradation. They hold the most knowledge about their territories and have passed down these knowledges and developed ways of life that help maintain the balance of Amazonian natural ecosystems 29,30 . Additionally, many public policies and international organizations' mandates have been shaped without dialogue with or the leadership from Indigenous and other traditional communities. ...

... Human influences have contributed to shaping the geographic distribution and abundance of Brazil nuts in the Amazon, following the movement of Indigenous peoples across the Amazon for thousands of years by mean of area expansion and shifting cultivation activities [5,7,8]. Today the Brazil Nut is one of the 20 superdominant trees of the Amazon contributing beyond food security to the carbon cycle of the forest [9,10]. ...

... Therefore, a new paradigm is needed to define sustainable and resilient infrastructure for the region. 7 principles ii from the sPA's "living Amazon Vision'' 5 . The primary concern should be to identify connectivity and accessibility improvements that promote zero deforestation, facilitate socio-bioeconomic growth 23 , increase access to opportunities and job prospects, and enhance living standards. ...

... They seem to adapt well in soils with higher organic matter content and in agroecosystems without soil tillage like pastures, agropastoral, silvopastoral and agroforestry systems, as well as no-tillage crops. They are present in hot, seasonally dry regions like the Cerrado sites sampled here and agropastoral and agrosilvopastoral systems in the Cerrado-Atlantic Forest ecotone (Bruz et al., 2023), as well as in pastures and no-tillage cropping systems in colder climates in the South of Brazil (Brown et al. 2003;Bartz et al. 2013;Bartz et al. 2014;Santos et al. 2018), and in the humid Atlantic Forest and Amazonian regions (Guerra & Silva 1994;Römbke et al. 1999;Rousseau et al. 2010;Demetrio et al. 2021). They can become invasive due to their high potential to colonize new areas , their reproductive mode (many are parthenogenetic), small cocoon size, and relatively short life cycle (Satchell 1980) which aid in spreading to and colonizing new areas. ...

... In this sense, the results of the tarubá analysis can be considered an anticipation of what can be expected from tests with other types of aerobic fermentation. By analyzing starch grains from archaeological finds, archaeologists are today beginning to recognize some of these practices narrated by chroniclers and confirmed by indigenous and popular traditions, which went into producing so-called 'Indian bread' (Santos et al., 2021). To fully understand the processes behind Indian bread ('pãode-índio'), it will be important to perform field tests, but the tradition of pit storage, widely used in Polynesia to store fruit from the bread and banana trees (Steinkraus, 1996, p. 309;Battcock & Azam-Ali, 1998, p. 53), may indicate the importance of lactic fermentation in its fabrication, a process also associated with European sauerkraut. ...

... Although such benefits and contributions are undoubtedly critical to human well-being, this article focuses primarily on recent advances in mapping the global spread and intensification of industrial land systems-rather than earlier traditional and Indigenous land systems-and their direct consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across the planet. A reason for our targeted focus on industrial land systems is that the data and science needed to map earlier human land-use changes at the global scale depends largely on models and reconstructions, rather than the direct observations available for more recent times (3,19,20). We discuss this issue further in the final section of this article, including recommendations for advancement in this important area of inquiry. ...

... Biochar, a fine-grained carbonized organic material, has recently gained popularity as sustainable environmental management, especially in increasing agricultural production and reducing environmental pollution ( Fig. 3) (International Biochar initiative, 2018;Jiang et al., 2019;Yaashikaa et al., 2020;Kamali et al., 2022). The approach to carbon-rich and porous organic material dates to prehistoric times when organic matter from households/farms was extensively burned, resulting in highly fertile black soil (terra preta or Amazonian Dark Earths), which holds the potential to increase yield up to four times (Silva et al., 2021;Sátiro et al., 2021). Glaser et al. (2001) confirmed that terra preta contains 70 times more black carbon than its immediate surroundings. ...

... Theobroma species are mostly associated with the terra-firme forests, growing over clayed, nonflooded soils up to 1000 meters elevation 22,23 , and cupuaçu would have been mostly planted in areas that allowed its adequate growth. Thus, in the Middle-Upper Rio Negro, the initial cultivation of cupuaçu would have been associated with other plants that are better adapted to non-flooded areas, such as cassava 52 . Archaeological and anthropological evidence indicate a gradual increase in the practice of creating agrobiodiversity by indigenous people since the early Holocene 48,53 . ...

... Even though lakes are often the preferred settlement sites in Amazonia [44,110], there is the possibility that humans did not use these lakes until the late Holocene, when landscape modifications increased across Amazonia [15,31,33,69,[111][112][113][114][115][116]. We think it is more probable, however, that while our palaeoecological proxies for human presence seem to work well for larger or more sustained disturbances, they may be relatively insensitive to the presence of hunter-gatherers. ...

... In the Central Amazon their formation appears to correspond to a process that culminated in the creation of mosaics of fertile soils inside forested areas. At the Açutuba site, located on the lower Negro River, for example, stratigraphic profiles normally show abrupt transitions between underlying strata with natural soils and overlying strata with anthropic soils with abundant presence of charcoal: from a density of 10 fragments per liter of sediment in the natural soil, to 83 fragments per liter of sediment in the occupation layers (Smith 2012; Silva et al. 2016). ...