E.V. Venskel’s research while affiliated with Volgograd State Medical University and other places

Knowledge of the anatomy of the masticatory muscles is extremely important for understanding para functional muscle disorders. This article describes the anatomy of the masticatory and temporal muscles proper in their hypertonicity from the position of ultrasound examination. With the help of qualitative and quantitative indicators, the structure of the masticatory and temporal muscles proper was studied at rest and under stress. Ultrasound examination revealed point and linear hyperechoic inclusions, trigger points, which made it possible to verify muscle hypertonus.

Post-prosthetic complications during dental implantation are accompanied by pain symptoms leading to disorders of the psychoemotional state. All this influences the behavior of patients. In addition, psychoemotional stress is often a factor of provocation and persistence of the complications. The presence of a stress state in the identified pathology, as well as the influence of various therapies on the treatment of post-prosthetic complications, is reflected in the dynamics of changes in the concentrations of both catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine) and glucocorticoids (cortisol) — hormones of the medulla and the adrenal cortex. The aim: to conduct an immunological analysis of the stress response in patients with postprosthetic complications during dental implantation. Materials and methods: The study was performed in 120 patients with post-prosthetic complications during dental implantation before and during treatment: Group I (control) — 30 patients treated with the conventional therapy; group II — 30 patients treated with ozone therapy in addition to the conventional therapy; group III — 30 patients treated with transcranial electrical stimulation in addition to the conventional therapy; Group IV — 30 patients treated with a combination of conventional therapy, ozone therapy and transcranial electrical stimulation. The concentration of epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, alkaline phosphatase, and the Garkavi index were evaluated. Results: The change in these indicators after the treatment indicates the normalization of the level of the studied enzymes — markers of bone homeostasis, which is confirmed by an improvement in the clinical picture in the oral cavity. Conclusion: changes in immunological parameters objectively reflect the psychoemotional state of patients. The nature of changes in the hormonal stress response to the treatment of post-prosthetic complications indicates the effectiveness of the therapeutic regimens used, and, as a result, a decrease in both pain symptoms and psychoemotional stress.

Smile-expressive movements of facial muscles accompanying emotions, showing a disposition to laugh and expressing pleasure, greeting, joy, goodwill, emotion, irony, disdain, ridicule, suffering. Currently, the design of a smile is quite relevant direction not only in image-making, but also in aesthetic medicine and dentistry. Nowadays, people have become more demanding about their appearance. Modern people want to have a beautiful, healthy smile. Demand creates supply. Not so long ago, aesthetic dentistry entered the dental practice as a science at the intersection of dental specialties. A relatively new direction that deals with aesthetic issues through a comprehensive, consistent approach. This article describes a harmonious smile, the factors that make up a harmonious smile, from the perspective of aesthetic dentistry. A detailed analysis of the shape of the face is carried out, and the main landmarks that should be paid attention to when determining the parameters of the face are described. Dental rows, parallelism of key lines, analysis of the gingival edge in normal and pathological conditions are described. Based on these parameters, the dentist can determine the factors of a harmonious smile, their pathology in order to make a further treatment plan in order to make the patient's smile beautiful and happy.

At the dental reception, complications after dental implantation in the form of mucositis and peri-implantitis are becoming more and more common. There are quite a lot of risk factors for the development of inflammation of the parotid tissue, there is no single idea about the etiopathogenesis of the above pathology. Mucositis refers to the initial stage of peri-implantitis development and is reversible. The specialist should promptly diagnose the development of the inflammatory potential and start treatment, in order to prevent the development of bone destruction around the implants. One of the methods of local exposure to the lesion is ozone therapy. Goal . This paper describes the method of treatment of peri-implantation mucositis by ozone therapy. Materials and methods. In patients with peri-implantation mucositis, the inflammatory peri-implantation tissue was ozonated directly in the oral cavity with the Ozotron device in order to relieve inflammation and improve microcirculation in the oral cavity. Before performing oral ozonation, all patients underwent a general clinical examination to identify contraindications to this method. It also describes in detail the scheme that prevents the penetration of ozone into the body and prevents its ingestion. Results . During ozonation, a positive trend was obtained in the treatment of post-prosthetic complications during dental implantation. The developed scheme of ozonation in the oral cavity stops the inflammation of the peri-implantation tissue. Side effects and complications during ozone therapy directly in the oral cavity were not detected. Conclusions . The inclusion of ozone therapy in the treatment regimen of patients with peri-implantation mucositis is an appropriate and justified physiotherapy method.

The task of a dentist in the treatment of deep caries (pulp hyperemia) is not only to restore the integrity of the tooth, but also to stimulate the production of replacement dentin with the help of a medical pad, to ensure reliable isolation of the pulp from the toxic effects of materials. Having a wide range of different therapeutic pads, but not having methods to objectively assess the condition of the pulp, doctors have to «blindly» give preference to a particular manufacturer. In this work, based on a clinical and laboratory study, an analysis of the effectiveness of calcium-containing pads «Life» and «Dycal» – was performed. The clinical stage was performed on patients in the treatment of deep caries. Changes in the pulp microcirculation were evaluated using laser Doppler flowmetry. During histological examination, samples of tooth cuts were studied for analysis of micro-flows of the dye at the «seal-tooth» border and the depth of penetration of the dye. The clinical results are consistent with laboratory results, which can be used to draw conclusions about the benefits of the «Life» treatment pad in the treatment of deep caries.