Drahoš Blanár’s research while affiliated with National Park Service and other places

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Publications (57)


Distribution map of studied populations of Daphne arbuscula in the area Muránska planina Mts in the Western Carpathians and distances among the studied populations
Population codes are as follows: MS–Malá Stožka, PO–Poludnica, SI– Šiance, VS–Veľká Stožka.
Seasonal variability in sexual reproduction of the four studied populations of Daphne arbuscula
(A) the number of flowers in the inflorescence; (B) the probability of fructification. The estimates based on Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) are represented by circles, with their 95% confidence intervals displayed as error bars.
Population genetic analyses based on 38,368 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 39 individuals from four populations of Daphne arbuscula
(A) genetic clustering depicted by ADMIXTURE analysis at K = 2–4. Each individual is represented by a vertical bar, with colour proportionally indicating the segment assignment; (B) Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis. (C) Neighbour-Net as recovered by Splitstree. Population codes are as follows: MS–Malá Stožka, PO–Poludnica, SI– Šiance, VS–Veľká Stožka.
Reproduction characteristics of the studied populations of Daphne arbuscula
Breeding system testing in studied populations of Daphne arbuscula

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Unravelling some factors affecting sexual reproduction in rock-specialist shrub: Insight from an endemic Daphne arbuscula (Thymelaeaceae)
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May 2024

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The role of endemic species in global biodiversity is pivotal, and understanding their biology and ecology is imperative for their fitness and long-term survival, particularly in the face of ongoing climatic oscillations. Our primary goal was to investigate the sexual reproduction level of the endangered Western Carpathian endemic Daphne arbuscula (Thymelaeaceae), which inhabits extreme rocky habitats, and to comprehend the influence of specific factors on its reproductive success. We conducted the research across four populations, varying in size and environmental conditions. Over two years, we monitored flower and fruit production, analyzed genetic variability within and among populations, and studied pollination mechanisms. Daphne arbuscula proved to be strictly self-incompatible, with significant variations in flower and fruit production among populations and seasons. The average fruit production percentage consistently remained below 50% across populations, indicating challenges in sexual reproduction. Cold and harsh weather during the reproductive phase had a substantial negative impact on sexual reproduction efficacy, leading to decreased fruit production. Nevertheless, several individuals in sheltered microhabitats displayed significantly higher fruit production, ranging from 60% to 83%, emphasizing the critical role of microhabitat heterogeneity in sustaining sexual reproduction in this species. We found no pronounced differences in genetic diversity within or among populations, suggesting that genetic factors may not critically influence the reproductive success of this endemic species. The implications of our findings might be of paramount importance for the long-term survival of D. arbuscula and offer valuable insights for the development of effective conservation strategies for this species.

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Wildlife supplementary feeding facilitates spread of alien plants in forested mountainous areas: a case study from the Western Carpathians

February 2023

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108 Reads

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8 Citations

Biologia

Ecological relationships between supplementary feeding and baiting in situ and vegetation patterns were studied in the mostly forest landscape of the Western Carpathians. We aimed to test the role of wildlife management practices in alien plants spreading. Altogether 82 localities with diverse hunting facilities stretched throughout several mountain areas and hills from northern to southern Slovakia were examined. Presence of vascular plant species was recorded for each locality. In addition, we sampled 33 phytosociological relevés to cover main vegetation types using methods of Zürich-Montpelière approach. Altogether 208 taxa of vascular plants consisting of 144 native and 64 alien ones were found. Among aliens, 44 archaeophytes and 20 neophytes were recognized, including 8 invasive species (Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Bidens frondosa, Conyza canadensis, Echinochloa crus-galli, Galinsoga urticifolia, Helianthus tuberosus, and Stenactis annua). Different habitat conditions as well as intensity and frequency of disturbances result in high community heterogeneity. Six plant communities and one group of stands with weak phytosociological relations were identified. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was applied to explain the effect of hunting facilities, artificial feeds and elevation on species compositional pattern of vascular plants and neophyte species, while variation in percentage of aliens and neophytes was modeled using general linear model (GLM). The CCA revealed the significant role of bait site, elevation, coarse fodder (hay), grain feed and fleshy feed for species composition assemblages. The proportion of aliens decreased at higher elevations and increased with the occurrence of bait sites and with the use of grain feed and corn silage. The neophyte frequency was negatively associated with elevation and coarse fodder (hay), but positively associated with the presence of high shooting stand and crushed corn. Based on results concerning risk of alien and/or invasive plant species spreading, wildlife supplementary feeding, baiting and whatever fodder and crop decoy applications (except hay of local provenience) seem to be undesirable. Especially in natural ecosystems and strictly protected areas, consistent and controlled abidance of regulation has to be enforced.


Classification of common hazel scrub vegetation in Slovakia

August 2021

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91 Reads

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1 Citation

Biologia

Approaches for classifying common hazel-dominated communities differ substantially among countries in Europe. Based on differing criteria, authors have classified identical communities within different higher syntaxa or have classified different communities within one unit. In Slovakia, the situation has been similar. These facts motivate us to accomplish (i) complex syntaxonomical revision of common hazel scrub in Slovakia, ii) comparison of West Carpathian communities with relevant Alpine and Hercynian ones, and iii) identification of the main environmental drivers of variation in their floristic composition. Based on the numerical classification of 415 relevés, two main units were distinguished. They were identified with the Pruno spinosae-Coryletum Jurko 1964 and the Lonicero nigrae-Coryletum Jurko 1964 associations. The main predictors of species' compositional variability were found to be temperature, followed by moisture, light, and soil reaction. After comparison with all relevant communities from Alpine and Hercynian regions, both associations were classified within the alliance Populo tremulae-Corylion avellanae Br.-Bl. ex Jurko 1964 nom. invers. propos., the order Prunetalia spinosae Tx. 1952 and the class Crataego-Prunetea Tx. 1962. Relations with the other hazel-dominated communities and their classification are discussed in detail.


Fig. 3. -NMDS diagram of the CROLF relevés classified to subassociations. Selected environmental variables were superimposed on the ordination plot. The stress of the analysis is 0.26. Abbreviations: TiF -Tilio platyphylli-Fraxinetum excelsioris, SpT -Spiraeo chamaedryfoliae-Tilietum cordatae, SeT -Seslerio caeruleae-Tilietum cordatae.
Calcicolous rock-outcrop lime forests of east-central Europe

September 2020

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333 Reads

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4 Citations

Preslia

We studied the diversity of calcicolous rock-outcrop forest vegetation dominated by lime (Tilia cordata, T. platyphyllos and T. tomentosa) in northern Austria, the Czech Republic, southern Poland, Slovakia, northern Hungary and northwestern Romania. This vegetation includes species rich forests with a mixture of mesophilous and thermophilous forest species, dry grassland species and species of rock outcrops. It is classified in the alliance Melico-Tilion platyphylli of the order Aceretalia pseudoplatani (class Carpino-Fagetea). It is rare in the study area, usually occurring on the upper parts of steep rocky slopes with shallow soil on limestone or other types of base-rich bedrock. Since such conditions are unfavourable for the development of closed-canopy zonal forests, numerous light-demanding relict species occur there (e.g. Dianthus praecox, D. spiculifolius, Primula auricula, Sesleria spp., Tephroseris integrifolia and Viola jooi). Based on the results of unsupervised classification using original (n = 118), previously published (n = 87) and unpublished relevés stored in the EVA database (n = 6; thus 211 relevés in total), we distinguished three phytosociological associations: (i) Tilio platyphylli-Fraxinetum excelsioris occurring in central Slovakia and northern Hungary, (ii) Spiraeo chamaedryfoliae-Tilietum cordatae, a new association recorded in northern and western Romania, and (iii) Seslerio caeruleae-Tilietum cordatae occurring in the Czech Republic, northern Austria, northern Hungary, western Slovakia and also in southern Poland, where we recorded this community for the first time in this country. We created an expert system for automatic classification of these forests, which includes formal definitions of the three associations and seven subassociations.



Position of phytosociological relevés and floristic data of Typha shuttleworthii used in our study in the western part of the Carpathians (black circles – phytosociological relevés and white circles – floristic data).
Detrended Correspondence Analysis of relevés with Typha shuttleworthii occurrence; A) relevés (empty circles = cluster 1, shaded squares = cluster 2 and black diamonds = cluster 3) and environmental variables represented by species’ Ellenberg indicator values; B) species with presence in at least 4 relevés (≥ 18% of all relevés) and C) relevés of Typhetum shuttleworthii.
Abbreviations of species presented in the ordination diagram: Agrosto – Agrostis stolonifera, Alispla – Alisma plantago-aquatica, Angesyl – Angelica sylvestris, Caltpal – Caltha palustris, Carefla – Carex flava agg., Careros – Carex rostrata, Cirsole – Cirsium oleraceum, Cirspal – Cirsium palustre, Eleopal – Eleocharis palustris agg., Epilhir – Epilobium hirsutum, Epilpar – Epilobium parviflorum, Filiulm – Filipendula ulmaria, Galespe – Galeopsis speciosa, Galipal – Galium palustre, Galiriv – Galium rivale, Glycnot – Glyceria notata, Junceff – Juncus effusus, Juncinf – Juncus inflexus, Lathpra – Lathyrus pratensis, Lychflo – Lychnis flos-cuculi, Lycoeur – Lycopus europaeus, Lysinum – Lysimachia nummularia, Lysivul – Lysimachia vulgaris, Lythsal – Lythrum salicaria, Mentlon – Mentha longifolia, Myospal – Myosotis palustris agg., Poa pal – Poa palustris, Ranurep – Ranunculus repens, Salipur – Salix purpurea, Scirsyl – Scirpus sylvaticus, Sparere – Sparganium erectum, Typhlat – Typha latifolia, Typhshu – Typha shuttleworthii, Urtidio – Urtica dioica, Verobec – Veronica beccabunga.
Stands of the Typhetum shuttleworthii association in Slovakia (Rohozná: author R. Hrivnák, 24. 7. 2018; Bobrov, R. Hrivnák, 2. 8. 2016; Červená Skala, D. Blanár, 24. 8. 2018; from left to right).
Vegetation affinity of species Typha shuttleworthii in the western part of the Carpathians, with Typhetum shuttleworthii as a new association to Slovakia

May 2020

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176 Reads

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2 Citations

Citation: Hrivnák R, Slezák M, Blanár D, Širka P, Šumberová K (2020) Vegetation affinity of species Typha shuttleworthiiin the western part of the Carpathians, with Typhetum shuttleworthii as a new association to Slovakia. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e52151. https://doi. Abstract Typha shuttleworthii (Shuttleworth's bulrush) is a rare species throughout its distribution range including Carpathians. However, a substantial increase in its finds has been noticed in the last twenty years. This study summarises the present knowledge and brings new data on vegetation with T. shuttleworthii occurrence from the western part of the Carpathians (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine) with the aims of evaluating the phytosociological affinity of this species and providing new information about the ecology of the relevant plant communities. We found that T. shuttleworthii mainly occurred in marsh vegetation (the Phragmito-Magnocaricetea class) including the Typhetum shuttleworthii association. Some plots also corresponded to transitional stands between marshes and wet meadows of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class (Molinietalia caeruleae order). Moisture and soil reaction were identified as principal factors responsible for variation in species composition of the vegetation. Typhetum shuttleworthii was recognised as new for the territory of Slovakia and confirmed in all other countries, Czech Republic, Poland and Ukraine. Our results could contribute to better preservation of the species and its habitats and thus be very important for practical nature conservation.



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Phytosociological approach to scree and ravine forest vegetation in Slovakia

December 2019

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291 Reads

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12 Citations

Annals of Forest Research

The aim of the study was to perform phytosociological revision of the scree and ravine forest vegetation in Slovakia in order to identify i) basic vegetation units according to their floristic composition, and ii) to find out the main environmental gradients affecting their compositional variability. Relevés originally assigned to broadly comprehended alliance Tilio platyphylli-Acerion (974 relevés) were used for the analyses. In order to select final dataset (527 relevés), formal criteria, such as tree layer cover >50%, relevé area of 200-500 m 2 and presence at least two from six traditionally accepted diagnostic species of the alliance in Central Europe (Acer platanoides, Lunaria rediviva, Phyllitis scolopendrium, Polystichum aculeatum, Tilia platyphyllos and Ulmus glabra) were applied to the primal dataset. Altitude, aspect, slope, climatic characteristics (mean annual precipitation and air temperature), geological bedrock and Ellenberg indicator values (EIVs) were specified for each phytosociological relevé. We used modified TWINSPAN algorithm for classification, Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) for explanation of species composition-environmental relationships, and both ANOVA corrected using modified permutation test and Mann-Whitney U-test to test environmental differences at each step of division by numerical classification. Two alliances, Meli-co-Tilion platyphylli and Tilio platyphylli-Acerion were distinguished with three (Aceri platanoidis-Tilietum platyphylli, Scolopendrio-Fraxinetum and Seslerio heufleranae-Quercetum petraeae) and two (Mercuriali perennis-Fraxinetum excel-sioris and Lunario redivivae-Aceretum pseudoplatani) associations, respectively. Besides the floristic composition, other important factors for differentiation of the associations were altitude and related climatic characteristics. The main environmental characteristics affecting the overall compositional variability of studied forests were EIVs for light, moisture, soil reaction and temperature. The complex syntaxonomical revision identified five floristically and ecologically clearly differentiated associations, what reduced the number to almost half of previously distinguished communities from the territory of Slovakia. Moreover, presented concept is at alliance level in accordance with recent European classification approach.


Zaujímavé nálezy ruderálnych, segetálnych a zavlečených cievnatých rastlín z územia stredného Slovenska III

October 2019

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240 Reads

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5 Citations

Our article brings new occurrence data of 34 alien vascular plants in the territory of central Slovakia. Four of them, Caucalis platycarpos, Hibiscus trionum, Kickxia elatine and Xanthium strumarium are included in the recent Red list of vascular plants of Slovakia. Distribution data about Erechtites hieraciifolius shows its strong spreading in the Slovenské stredohorie Mts during the last twenty years.


Effect of magnesite dust pollution on biodiversity and species composition of oak-hornbeam woodlands in the Western Carpathians

September 2019

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147 Reads

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10 Citations

Biologia

We aimed to identify how the alkaline dust fallout from magnesite factories (Slovenské rudohorie Mts, Western Carpathians) affects biodiversity and species composition of oak-hornbeam forests, and to compare sensitivity of local biodiversity represented by vascular plants (including flowering plants and ferns) and cryptogams (cyanobacteria, macromycetes, slime molds, lichens, bryophytes). Altogether 24 plots were sampled along four degradation stages during the vegetation seasons 2011–2016: A – poorly developed vegetation on the magnesite crust, B – dense grassland vegetation almost without a tree-layer, C – degraded woodland with opened canopy, and D – visually unaffected original closed-canopy woodland. For each plot we sampled phytocoenological relevés including vascular plants and terrestrial cryptogams (cyanobacteria, lichens and bryophytes), and presence records for epiphytic lichens, epiphytic bryophytes, sporocarps of macromycetes (terrestrial, saprotrophic, parasitic and ectomycorrizal) and sporocarps of slime molds. We also analyzed concentrations of C, Ca, Mg, S, N, P, K in the soil, light conditions, bark pH and the distance from two emission sources (ES). Increased alkaline dust, corresponding to a smaller distance from the emission source correlated with higher concentrations of Mg, Ca, Fe, S, C/N in soil samples. Regressive succession converted oak-hornbeam woodland to degraded woodland with opened canopy, further to ruderal grasslands, then to halophilous procoenoses of Agrostis stolonifera and Puccinellia distans on degraded soils with eroded magnesite crust and biocrusts (formed by cyanobacteria Microcoleus steenstrupii, Nostoc microscopicum and Schizothrix arenaria; bryophytes Desmatodon cernuus, Didymodon tophaceus; pioneer terrestrial lichen Thelidium zwackhii) and finally into habitat with no vegetation. This is the first report on early successional stages with halophilous procoenoses in the Western Carpathians. We also recorded significant differences in species richness and the species pools in all organism groups along the gradient. Overall species diversity decreased. The degradation stages are characterized by low representation of symbiotic macromycetes and by a high proportion of saprotrophic macromycetes. The highest species richness of vascular plants was recorded in degradation stages B and C, the highest herb-layer cover in stage B. The highest species richness of terrestrial bryophytes is also found in dense grassland vegetation in stage B. Occurrence of nitrophilous epiphytic lichens differentiates unaffected oak-hornbeam woodlands from the plots close to the emission source.


Citations (43)


... Ráadásul nincs korlátozás a kihelyezhető takarmányok mennyiségére, a területegységenként létesíthető szórók számára és a megmaradó takarmányok eltávolítására sem. Ezeken a helyszíneken így -köszönhetően a takarmányokkal bekerülő idegen fajok magvainak, a fokozott túrás, taposás, emberi és állati magterjesztés hatásainak, valamint a jelentős tápanyag-hozzáadásnak -gyakran jelentős mértékű degradáció tapasztalható, melyet hazai viszonyok között a Mátra hegységben (Rusvai et al. 2021, 2022a,b, Rusvai 2023, míg külföldi vonatkozásban Szlovákiában is számos esetben igazoltak (Kochjarová et al. 2023). ...

Reference:

Talajmagbank-vizsgálatok eltérő ideje felhagyott vadászati célú etetőhelyeken
Wildlife supplementary feeding facilitates spread of alien plants in forested mountainous areas: a case study from the Western Carpathians
  • Citing Article
  • February 2023

Biologia

... From an ecological perspective, forests belonging to the 9180* HT can be divided into two groups: dry and warm sites with lime trees (Tilia platyphyllos Scop., T. cordata Mill.) and humid and cool sites with a dominance of Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) [11]. On the European scale, Tilio-Acerion forests represent an understudied and data-scarce HT and have been studied mostly using conventional phytosociological methods [10,12,13]. According to preliminary estimates [14], it was concluded that trustworthy information on the spatial distribution and characteristics of this habitat type was lacking. ...

Calcicolous rock-outcrop lime forests of east-central Europe

Preslia

... In the presented Special Issue, two of the studies provide insight into the classification of common hazel scrub (Kliment et al. 2021) and beech forests (Ujházyová et al. 2021). In Slovakia, common hazel-dominated stands represent a typical landscape component of colline to montane areas. ...

Classification of common hazel scrub vegetation in Slovakia
  • Citing Article
  • August 2021

Biologia

... Ebracteolatae have been listed as the flora of European Russia [1]. One of the most interesting taxa from this section is Typha shuttleworthii WDJ Koch and Sond., which has been described from Northern Switzerland and, as is estimated today, is distributed from Western, Southern and Central Europe to the Mediterranean regions, European Russia, Poland and Belarus [1][2][3][4][5]. This species was also reported in Northwestern Iran and Eastern Turkey [6]. ...

Vegetation affinity of species Typha shuttleworthii in the western part of the Carpathians, with Typhetum shuttleworthii as a new association to Slovakia

... Identification of bryophytes was limited by expert knowledge of a particular author without verification of the identification by a bryologist. Methodological heterogeneity and frequent overlooking of at least part of the bryoflora in the forest understorey led to insufficient knowledge of this component of beech forest communities, and consequently, it was frequently omitted from classification analyses and re-introduced into final tables (Ujházyová et al. 2013;Slezák et al. 2016;Hrivnák et al. 2019). Therefore, an effort was made to unify the methodology of bryophyte sampling in Slovakia in the last decades. ...

Phytosociological approach to scree and ravine forest vegetation in Slovakia

Annals of Forest Research

... Prvý nález tohto neofytu na Slovensku bol zaznamenaný na železničnej stanici na Záhorí (Zaliberová & Májeková 2014), odkiaľ sa za krátky čas postupne rozšíril popri železničných tratiach po celej Záhorskej nížine a cez Podunajskú nížinu (Eliáš 2011) až na južné Slovensko (Letz et al. 2013, Hrivnák et al. 2019. Pravdepodobne prvý nález na východe Slovenska bol zistený na železničnej stanici v Čiernej nad Tisou (Májeková et al. 2020), ďalšie nálezy postupne pribúdajú (Dudáš 2016b, Dudáš & Gojdičová 2020 Doplnok k recentne známym lokalitám (Dudáš 2021 a publikácie tam citované). ...

Zaujímavé nálezy ruderálnych, segetálnych a zavlečených cievnatých rastlín z územia stredného Slovenska III

... The emission of greenhouse gasses linked to Mg alloy life cycles [26,33] contributes to exceeding the planetary boundary for radiative forcing at the top-of-atmosphere (see Table 1). Mining of dolomite, magnesite, serpentine and carnallite has been associated with negative impacts on ecosystems, including the net primary production of biomass [43][44][45][46][47], and dumped slags originating from primary Mg production will also have negative impacts on the net primary production of biomass [29,48]. Thus, magnesium alloy life cycles contribute to transgressing the proposed planetary boundary for biosphere integrity (see Table 1). ...

Effect of magnesite dust pollution on biodiversity and species composition of oak-hornbeam woodlands in the Western Carpathians
  • Citing Article
  • September 2019

Biologia

... Jamur ini memiliki pseudostipe untuk menempel pada substrat. Menurut Jančovičová et al. (2016), Panellus memiliki ciri pleurotoid yaitu pada tubuh buahnya tidak memiliki stipe dan langsung tumbuh dari substrat. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh Imamuddin dan Suliasih (2003) menyebutkan bahwa Panellus merupakan jamur perusak kayu dan tidak untuk dimakan. ...

Panellus ringens and P. violaceofulvus (Agaricales, Mycenaceae) from Slovakia: Morphological and ecological aspects

Folia Oecologica

... 2010a,Glejdura a kol. 2011, Holec 2008, Kunca 2013, Mihál 2013, Mihál & Blanár 2016). Z á v e r Celkovo bolo na obidvoch lokalitách determinovaných 173 druhov makromycétov (z toho na lokalite Kozí chrbát 122 a na lokalite Hriňová -Priehalina 92 druhov). ...

Huby a slizovky (Myxomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota) Prírodnej rezervácie Fabova hoľa v Národnom parku Muránska planina /Fungi and slime molds (Myxomycota, Ascomycota, Basidiomycota) of the Fabova hoľa Nature Reserve in the Muránska planina National Park (Central Slovakia)/

... In the past, this species was not distinguished from Z. viridissimus and therefore its current distribution in Slovakia is poorly known. Recently, it has been reported only from two localities, one in the Muránska planina Mts (Plášek et al. 2016) and the other in the Bukovské vrchy Mts, in the village Ruský Potok (Plášek 2007). In the studied area of the Poloniny National Park, it was found on the bark of a Fagus tree in the Stužica National Nature Reserve and on Acer trees in the valley of the Zbojský potok stream near Nová Sedlica village. ...

Remarkable findings of mosses from the Orthotrichaceae family in the Muránska planina National Park (Slovakia)

Acta Musei Silesiae Scientiae Naturales