May 2004
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In this paper the authors make attempt to see from inside the state and problems of a part of the very rich architectural and historical heritage of Bulgaria. A short review and description of the structures of some typical representatives of historical monuments: fortresses, monasteries, basilicas, churches, cathedrals and bridges are given. The period from the early Byzantine epoch dated from the 1st century to the end of the 20th century is comprised. Special attention to the seismic monitoring system for observation of behavior of the historic monument structures during earthquakes is paid. The large role of the contemporary methods of the structural mechanics namely the finite element method for analysis of the spatial behavior of the historic structures subjected to seismic actions is emphasized. Conclusions and recommendations for study, maintenance and strengthening of the historic structures are derived.