Dominic Sophia's research while affiliated with Karpagam University and other places

... They act at low doses, are economical, have low environmental impact and are often undetectable. Kalaiselvi et al. (2011) reported that the methanolic extract of J. sambac flower through acute and subchronic toxicity studies in mice reported that it is quite safe and can be used to treat chronic diseases like diabetes without toxicity. Using J. sambac EO at 1 mL/kg gave optimal 100% efficiency for C. maculatus control over four days and inhibited adult F1 emergence of C. maculatus at 100%. ...

... Additionally, herbal remedies incorporating this plant have been utilized to address mental illness and seizures, providing a holistic approach to healthcare. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Emmenagogue, diuretic, and Anthelmintic properties are attributed to the whole plant. [19] Women in Malaya traditionally used wet flowers as facial cleansing wipes. ...

... According to the findings, Lupo has hematinic action, especially in iron-deficient anaemia. [40,5,41,42]. ...

... Whooping cough and jaundice [178] Antioxidant and antibacterial activity(Methanol leaf extract) [179], antidiabetic properties (Ethanolic whole-plant extract) [180] in vitro (Total phenolic content assay, total flavonoid content assay, ABTS scavenging activity assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay, agar disc diffusion assay) [179] in vivo (Wistar rats) [180] No reports Antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (Fresh leaf juice and aqueous seed extracts) [182], chemoprophylaxis against Artesunate-amodiaquine induced liver damage (aqueous-methanol leaf extracts) [183] in vitro (Paper disc diffusion method) [182], in vivo (Wistar rats) [183] The aqueous leaf extract was reported to increase the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy on pancreatic cancer cells [184] The organic leaf extract was reported to be toxic to brine shrimp larvae [185] The aqueous extract was reported to be strongly cytotoxic on Hela cells [186] Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh Tuberculosis [30], malaria, liver disorders [75], respiratory tract congestion, chronic bronchitis, coughing, tuberculosis [187] Antibacterial activity (Essential oil from the leaves) [188], antibacterial activity against H. pylori (N-hexane and chloroform leaf extract) [189], antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis and M. bovis strains (Methanol extracts) [190] in vitro (Aromatogram, micro atmosphere test, broth dilution method [188], in vitro (Agar disc diffusion) [189], in vitro (Resazurin microtiter assay) [190] The aqueous-acetone extract was reported to be cytotoxic on MCF-7 ...

... [40] Kimiyawi Ajza (chemical constituents) Phytochemical screening showed the presence of numerous classes of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, tannins, amino acids and proteins, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, saponins and terpenoids. [65] The four different flavanols identified were quercetin, Kaempferol, 4-methoxy kaempferol and 4, 7-dimethoxy kaempferol. It comprises of an extensive range of phytochemicals such as canthin-6-one and βcarboline alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, steroids, terpenoids and numerous other classes of phytoconstituents that contribute to its wide coverage of pharmacological activities. ...

... Ferns were reported to have many useful phytochemicals (secondary metabolites) such as flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, phenols, triterpenoid compounds, varieties of amino acids and fatty acids [3]. They can be used directly or in extracted forms for the management of various ailments due to the presence of various secondary metabolites [4]. Many species of this plant division are highly ignored and are determined to have potential secondary metabolites that act against various diseases [5]. ...

... HPTLC analysis has increasing interest in discovery of natural antioxidants, especially those of plant origin. In traditional medicines, medicinal plants have contributed hugely to the traditional and western medicines through providing ingredients for drugs or having played central roles in the drug discovery [24]. Phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, flavanoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, steroids, terpenoids and several other aromatic compounds in the plants serve as defense mechanism against various diseases [25]. ...

... Long-term consumption of ethanol not only increases the production of free radicals but also reduces the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. This process can lead to oxidative stress and, ultimately, the development of diseases such as alcoholic fatty liver, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and the like [11][12][13]. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effect of red grape juice with its fermentation product (red wine) on mitochondrial oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers, such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the concentration of thiol groups, levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and catalase (CAT) activities in rat liver mitochondria. ...

... In the case of Emilia sonchifolia, the IC 50 value for the DPPH scavenging activity was 6.98 ± 0.93 mg/mL in the ethanol extract, whereas a previous study reported an IC 50 value of 180 µg/mL. The n-hexane extract of Emilia sonchifolia showed enhanced free radical scavenging activity in a previous investigation, which could be attributed to the antioxidant activity of the Emilia sonchifolia n-hexane extract trapping free radicals by donating hydrogen atoms [18]. Regarding the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, antioxidants reduce ferric ions (Fe 3+ ) to ferrous ions (Fe 2+ ). ...

... Sophia et al. 46 reported the effect of n-hexane extract of E. sonchifolia on azaserine (O-diazoacetyl-L-serine)induced pancreatic dysplasia in rats. Results of the study revealed a significant decrease of pancreatic and hepatic enzymatic antioxidants like catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and non-enzymatic antioxidants like vitamin C, glutathione (GSH) content, and a significant increase in pancreatic serum amylase and lipase, and levels of hepatic marker enzymes viz. ...