Dörthe Schaue's research while affiliated with University of California, Los Angeles and other places

... Of note, irradiation generated a novel set of MHC class I-binding peptides. Upregulation of immunoproteasome subunits, which are involved in the production of peptides with higher binding capacity to MHC class I molecules than standard proteasome, may partly explain the increased neoepitopes following RT [113]. Lhuillier et al. reported direct evidence that the expression of immunogenic neoantigens on murine breast cancer cells is increased by RT [114]. ...

... The engagement of other components of the immune system may be necessary, in addition to macrophages, to cause kidney pathology following irradiation with components of GCRs. In support of this suggestion, irradiation of the kidneys with 10 Gy of X-rays in WAG/ RijCmcr rats resulted in infiltration of T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages is associated with nephropathy [25]. The 270 day follow up period used here may also have been of insufficient duration to detect other changes in immune cell recruitment to the kidney needed to elicit the development of structural changes in the kidney and a greater increase in blood pressure. ...

... Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can contribute to carcinogenesis directly by inducing mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and indirectly by activating kinases that induce growth-promoting cellular functions (Cerutti, 1985;Son et al., 2013;Waris and Ahsan, 2006). Activation of the NRF2 pathway induces the transcription of genes encoding antioxidant and detoxification enzymes that counteract dangerous accumulation of ROS (Kwak et al., 2003;Lee et al., 2003) and protects cells from transformation (Hao et al., 2020;Schaue et al., 2022;Wang et al., 2022b;Zhang and Gordon, 2004). Several of these protective genes include GSTP1 (Fang et al., 2020;Zhou et al., 2022), TXN, NQO1, and HMOX1 (Tonelli et al., 2018). ...

... After the discovery and isolation of 226 Ra from uraninite (pitchblende) in 1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie, 3 it rapidly gained popularity for use in a myriad of consumer products that aimed to exploit its radioactivity. 4 These products, which ranged from radioluminescent paint for watch dials to quack health and beauty items, were eventually recognized as being toxic. This toxicity, however, also rendered Ra valuable in medicine. ...

... These data may support that TNF-α alteration was tumor-specific. This finding was supported by a loop between radio-induced inflammation, mobilization of immune cells and sustained tissular damage, mediated by DNA damage and SASP factors following irradiation [69]. However, our results were in discordance with previous studies that reported persistent systemic inflammation in individuals with a history of IR exposure [70]. ...

... In a recent study, Singh and colleagues analyzed metabolic and lipidomic profiles in the serum of NHPs (7.2 Gy of c radiation) after treatment of a candidate drug, Ex-Rad (ON01210), which showed significant alterations in biochemical pathways towards the recovery of radiationinjured organs (199). Several other studies and reviews were focused on repurposing of drugs as radiomitigators (198)(199)(200)(201)(202). ...

... At low doses, the IS may be affected, leading to accelerated immune aging and increased risk of various health issues, such as age-related degenerative disorders and cancer. On the other hand, LDR therapy has been found to have positive effects on chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases, including antiinflammatory and pain-relieving properties [23]. Several studies have confirmed that the effect of LDR on innate and adaptive Frontiers in Physics frontiersin.org ...

... Undoubtedly, it should be taken into consideration that the different treatment approaches in PCa may affect the rates of immune subpopulations; however, up-to-date studies have mainly focused on the tumor microenvironment. For example, stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been found to alter the immune environment within PCa tumors, causing increases in the relative abundance of myeloid cells and decreases in CD8+ T cells [28,29]. Nonetheless, there has not been extensive research on the effects on systemic circulation, although it is known that radiotherapy promotes immunogenic cell death by remodeling the tumor microenvironment and induces immune responses by enhancing antigen cross-presentation and CD8+ T cell response [30,31]. ...

... In light of historical data on the use of LD-RT to treat various forms of pneumonia, 8 exposure of the lungs to low/moderate radiation dose(s) has been discussed as a way to mitigate inflammation and eventually prevent the development of the cytokine storm in patients with COVID-19. 9 Despite controversy on this use of LD-RT (see, for example, Schaue and McBride and Rodel et al), 10,11 several clinical trials are underway (see Yu et al for a recent review of clinical trials). 12 This topic, therefore, requires further investigation to identify patients who would benefit from LD-RT application while considering the potential risk for radiationinduced cancer and noncancer disease. ...

... pneumonitis and minimal pulmonary fibrosis [12][13][14] , and typically use animal survival as the primary experimental endpoint 15 , instead of incidence and severity of pneumonitis, which is more human-relevant. Currently, non-human primate (NHP) models are considered the goldstandard for radiation injury 16,17 , but their use is limited by short supply, long breeding periods, high costs, and serious ethical concerns 18,19 . ...