Dileep Kumar’s scientific contributions

Tecomella undulata (Rohida) stump planting and seedlings had shown 100 percent survival during the study period. Stump plants exhibited enhance growth parameters over seedling originated plants. Treatment T4 showed best growth performance in terms of plants' height, collar diameter, number of leaves and sprout density, with 44% and 54% higher growth in height and collar diameter than seedlings after two years of planting. As per the modified visual method of assessing straightness, higher stem straightness was obtained in T4 (0.56m) and T3 (0.40m) which had 77% 1470 and 66 % stem straightness, and score of 6 & 5 which plunge under A grade category. Whereas, T2 and T1 (0.33m & 0.23m) had 48 and 32% stem straightness percent with a score of 4, 3 and 2, which comes under B & C grades. From the study it was a clearly found that stump plantings treatment T4-(>8-9mm thickness (pen/pencil-sized), with 20-25cm stump plants (2-5cm stem and 15-20cm tap root) was found to have achieved enhanced growth compared to seedling plants.

Global per capita consumption of animal protein is set to rise, particularly in developing economies, leading to a dramatic increase in meat consumption from 133 million tons in 1980 to 452 million tons by 2050. Notably, 86% of this increase, or 279 million tons, is expected to occur in developing countries. The expansion of animal-based agricultural systems, which cover 45% of the Earth's land area, presents significant challenges. These systems contribute substantially to agricultural emissions, including greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4), and account for 8% of global water usage. The livestock sector is largely comprised of resource-Review Article Godara et al.; Int. 84 constrained smallholders in developing nations. Environmental impacts arise from the lack of integration with other agricultural and forestry practices, disrupting the natural cycles of carbon, water, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. This disruption leads to increased emissions of N2O and CH4, water contamination, land degradation, and biodiversity loss. To address these challenges and support the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to poverty reduction (SDG #1), hunger alleviation (SDG #2), clean water and sanitation (SDG #6), and climate action (SDG #13), it is essential to integrate livestock with crop and tree farming. Strategies to improve sustainability include incorporating pastures into crop rotations, using controlled grazing techniques, practicing agro-forestry such as alley cropping, and implementing systems like ley farming. Additional measures include precision feeding and protein matching to reduce enteric fermentation, repurposing emissions of CH4 and N2O, and effective manure management. Addressing greenhouse gas emissions through diverse approaches, reducing product wastage, minimizing antibiotic use, and restoring rangelands to enhance soil carbon storage are also critical for achieving sustainable livestock practices.

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif season of 2020-21 at Agricultural Research Station, Keshwana, Jalore, Agriculture University, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) with an objective to find out the appropriate date of sowing of major contingent crop for the area with respect to late-early onset monsoon. Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications was being used during this study. The treatments consists of three sowing window viz;15 July, 25 July, 4 August and four contingent crop viz., Mungbean (F1), Mothbean (F2), Sesamum (F3), Clusterbean (F4). The study revealed that Mungbean have better performance during July 15 nd , July 25 st and August 4 th realizing higher yield (740, 429 and 280 kg ha "1 , respectively) as compared to Clusterbean, Mothbean, and sesamum.Mungbean is the best suitable contingent crop for deferred sowing condition in the transitional plain of luni basin of Western Rajasthan

The experiment was carried out on Prosopis cineraria (L.) trees scattered in the agriculture land scape of Agricultural Research Station, Keshwana, Jalore, Rajasthan. Aim was to standardise the lopping intensity for different girth class of trees for sustainable fodder production.. Fresh and dry fodder weight was higher in T1 (100 %) than T2 and T3. Among girth class treatment the sequence was G3 > G2 and G1. The combination T1G1 resulted in significantly higher fresh and dry fodder yield for both the year. Such interaction was observed for the combination T1G3 and for T2G2 combination. Percent increase in fresh fodder yield T2G2 combination had highest i.e. 46 %, highest dry fodder yield was observed in combination in T1G1 (35 %). There is increased inclination in carrying capacity, in T1 (0.38), G3 (0.59), and T1G1 (0.12), T1G3 (0.84) and T2G2 (0.

India, being the second most populous country in the world,is home to about 17.5 percent of the world population with a meager 2.4 percent of the world’s area. This makes it necessary to have a comprehensive policy framework aimed at achieving resources efficiency, reduction in waste and pollutant activities, and adoption of technologies focusing on renewable resources. To encourage sustainable practices requires cultural and attitudinal shifts supported by national policies. Government of India’s policies like the National Policy on Biofuels aims to achieve sustainable consumption and production.