Diego Bonilla-Jurado’s research while affiliated with Instituto Superior Tecnológico Quito and other places

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) is emerging as a promising tool with which to improve strategic decision-making in a business environment characterized by increasing complexity. There are external and internal factors that are part of the success of entrepreneurial initiatives. Relevant factors that make decision-making effective include the technological environment, as an external factor, and innovation, as an internal factor. Methods: This study reviews the existing literature on implementing GAI in business decision-making. It assesses its short-, medium- and long-term effects, considering the interaction between GAI and human judgment. Challenges related to uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity are examined, and the relevant literature is reviewed to understand these aspects comprehensively. Results: The review shows that, despite the advanced capabilities of GAI to analyze data and generate patterns, human judgment remains crucial in situations of high uncertainty. The results suggest that combining GAI with human expertise can improve the accuracy and efficiency of strategic decision-making by integrating the strengths of both parties. Conclusions: The implementation of GAI can offer significant improvements in the efficiency and accuracy of business decisions. However, human judgment and experience remain essential, especially in uncertain contexts. The key to maximizing the benefits of GAI lies in finding the right balance between artificial intelligence and human capital.

This article addresses the integration of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in higher education institutions, exploring its effects on academic performance and students’ ability to address sustainability challenges. Using the PRISMA 2020 methodology for a systematic literature review, 50 relevant articles were selected from 543 records, providing data on the academic impacts of ESD through bibliometric approaches and surveys. The results revealed that ESD improves academic performance, motivation and engagement, as well as enhances students’ ability to solve complex problems sustainably. However, significant barriers, such as a lack of resources and adequate teacher training, hinder effective implementation. Approximately 60% of students in ESD programs show greater motivation and analytical abilities compared to 50% in traditional programs. ESD enriches academic training and equips students with essential practical skills, preparing them to be agents of positive change. Incorporating emerging technologies and participatory learning methods is crucial to enhancing ESD effectiveness. Greater investment in teacher training and standardized educational materials, along with the promotion of international collaboration to share resources and best practices, is required.

La Agenda 2030 de las Naciones Unidas, con sus Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, es una hoja de ruta hacia la sostenibilidad, que requiere la participación de gobiernos, sector privado, sociedad civil y academia. Las Instituciones de Educación Superior juegan un papel fundamental en este proceso, aunque enfrentan desafíos como la falta de políticas claras, conocimiento limitado y escasos mecanismos de monitoreo. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo examinar el conocimiento y opiniones sobre la integración de los ODS en la gestión del Instituto Superior Tecnológico España. Utilizando un enfoque cuantitativo, se encuestó a 336 miembros de la comunidad educativa, incluyendo estudiantes, docentes y personal administrativo. Los resultados mostraron que el 64% de los encuestados está familiarizado con los ODS y el 80% aprueba su integración en la institución. Además, existe una correlación positiva (r = 0.869) entre el conocimiento de los ODS y la disposición a incorporarlos. El análisis de regresión reveló que el conocimiento sobre los ODS predice significativamente la predisposición a adoptarlos en la institución (R2 ajustado = 75.4%). El estudio proporciona información fundamental para avanzar estratégicamente en la integración de los ODS en el Instituto, teniendo en cuenta su realidad.

The objective of the research is to review the most recent topics about the associated determining factors related to university dropout. University abandonment is considered, by most university institutions, as a phenomenon that threatens the prospecting of education and society in general. The research is qualitative and descriptive. Based on the hermeneutics of recent works, with the determination to review what is currently being done with the main theme of the study. The type of article is for review, which, without being original, collects a series of relevant and current information on the thematic axes. The results of the study allowed us to know, identify and analyze the different causes by which the phenomenon of university dropout is activated and even, take into consideration positions from other countries which allowed us to reach relevant dissertations. The conclusions of the research, in addition to knowing the determining factors associated with attrition, also allow us to issue some recommendations to university institutions, to reduce the dropout rate and be able to counteract the social consequences that it entails.

The strategic actions that are being developed from the Ecuadorian universities, are heading towards the linking of innovative factors under an interrelated scheme known as Triple Helix, whose intention is framed in connecting entrepreneurship, using knowledge and society as a platform, generating a model sustainable development between university-state-business. The objective of this research is to show the relationship between university-company-state with entrepreneurial research through the triple helix functional model, with a view to innovative potentializing that serves as a boost to socioeconomic progress. The research approach is qualitative at a descriptive level, using a hermeneutical review focused on entrepreneurship studies, business and university alliances, government plans and the triple helix theory. The results indicate that scientific research based on the triple helix method should be strengthened, the main obstacles being lack of communication, business disinterest and distorted state policies. The Ecuadorian universities UEM, UTB and UEB must make concerted efforts so that the investigations are directed towards the true social needs of each area. The conclusions indicate that the links of the triple helix model lead to socioeconomic strengthening through the development of research and scientific projects, without neglecting technological advances.

Young children as well as children with special educational needs learn from their environment with social, emotional and physical stimuli. In this context, educational resources and teaching strategies play a main role for them in order to understand the new information. This paper describes the experience of building hybrid interfaces that combine technology with traditional educational resources. A total of 60 teachers divided in two groups completed some tasks which consisted of generating new educative resources with tecnology. Through Design Thinking methodology, teachers designed three hybrid interfaces: 1. Interactive books, combining traditional fairy tales books with mobile devices, where QR codes and NFC tags give life to the stories; 2. Educational Board Games, where augmented reality markers give an extra information to the players; 3. Tangible educational resources, which integrate Makey-Makey device and Scratch with fruit, clay, aluminum foil or water to build laboratory.

The body posture is not a purely aesthetic problem, due to it can produce a multitude of adverse effects on health, even extremities disorders (injuries) and malfunction of organs. This study focuses on the correct and incorrect detection of the position of the spine and extremities while walking. A database of three patients with lumbago and sciatica, with diagnosis of muscle tension due to poor posture while walking, has been used in this article. These patients underwent physiotherapy treatment and were later filmed taking a short walk of 2 min to see the results. This process was developed for a period of 4 weeks, divided into 2 h of physiotherapy per week and 1 h of compilation of videos with the results obtained. To detect the correct movement of each of the patients, the Kinect Xbox One device was used. It identifies all body points, alignment, speed and angles during the walk. 25 points of human body in three dimensions are detected in real time by the Kinect, which allows to generate a data collection in real time and more efficiently. With the database of patients, a pre-processing of the information is done to identify the most relevant points for our study. A fuzzy model is generated which determines maximum and minimum thresholds for the posture of the back (angle of inclination), shoulders posture (shoulders inclination with respect to the spine), head posture (inclination with respect to horizontal vision) and movement of arms. The model dynamically identifies which position is correct for the movement during the walk, and in addition, the progress that is generated during a time series. This prototype detector is used for rehabilitation of high-performance athletes and is an approximation for the correct posture during long and medium distance races, jumps, among other sports that use the walk as a basis in their workouts. This study was based on the solution of back problems in clinical patients. These preliminary tests have given excellent results in the testing phase, which validates it as an option to prevent injuries in patients with these conditions.