Deepti Agarwal’s research while affiliated with Bhagat Phool Singh Mahila Vishwavidyalaya and other places

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, this endemic disease rarely involves heart. Cardiac TB can involve any structure of heart with pericarditis is most frequent manifestation. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Department of Pathology from January 2012 to December 2020. Autopsy records of all cases suggestive of tuberculosis in any part of heart were selected and slides were reviewed. Results: A total of 11 cases of cardiac TB were recorded on autopsy, including 6 cases of isolated myocarditis, 2 cases of myopericarditis 2 cases of isolated pericarditis and one case of necrotizing arteritis in left coronary artery. Concomitant pulmonary TB was present in 72.7% cases. Conclusion: This study highlights that in all patients of pulmonary tuberculosis with appearance of any cardiovascular sign or symptom, cardiac TB should be suspected as one of the differentials.

GIST can be present anywhere in the GIT but it is most commonly found in the stomach and small intestine and rarely on extra visceral sites. These are one of the most common mesenchymal1. Approximately, 60% arise in the stomach and 30% arise in the small bowel, the other 10% arise in the oesophagus, colon, rectum, gallbladder, appendix, omentum, mesentry, retroperitoneum and pelvis2.Symptoms can vary upon location, size and growth rate. Due to its location and hence the inability to identify by endoscopy, it is difcult to diagnose. Small lesions usually asymptomatic are incidentally found as a result of imaging, endoscopy,pathologic specimens following surgery for another cause and post mortem3.We reported a case of GIST arising in the jejunum in 61 year female presented with pain in abdomen since 20 days.

Background: The salivary gland lesions constitute around 3–6% of all head-and-neck lesions and have always posed a diagnostic riddle for the cytopathologists around the world. Since the majority of these lesions need surgical excision, it is, therefore, important to diagnose these lesions with utmost precision to prevent over or under stage procedures. The recent adaption of Milan system of reporting aims to establish a uniform, accurate, and consensual reporting system which bridges the communication between the pathologists and the clinicians. Aims and Objectives: The current study aims to assess the diagnostic application of Milan system and aims to reclassify the lesions according to it. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted at our institute during 1 year period. All salivary gland swellings presenting to the fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) section during this period were included in the study. Along with this, records and slides of cases of salivary gland lesions were retrospectively assessed. All relevant data and radiologic findings were retrieved from the case records. FNAC was done using 23 G needle. The slides were stained with both Leishman and Papanicolaou stain wherever possible. Quantitative data were expressed as mean and standard deviation and percentages. All the 83 lesions were reclassified as per the Milan system. Histopathology was available in 42 cases. Inclusion criteria: All the samples of the patient having salivary gland lesion(s) whose FNAC were performed in the department of pathology. Statistical Analysis: Data were be entered into Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. For quantitative data, mean and standard deviation were calculated. For qualitative data, percentage and proportion were calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, and spearman correlation between FNAC and histopathology were calculated. P

Introduction: Metaplastic Carcinoma of Breast (MCB) is a rare heterogeneous neoplasm characterised by a mixture of adenocarcinoma with dominant areas of spindle cells, squamous and other mesenchymal differentiation. The reported incidence is 0.2% of all breast cancers. Aim: To study the clinicopathological presentation, pathologic features and differential diagnosis of MB. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study included 10 cases of MCB who underwent mastectomy and biopsies at BPS GMC Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat, Haryana, India from March 2013 to February 2020. Data were analysed by Microsoft Office Excel Datasheet 2019. Results: Out of 10 cases, five cases were MCB Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) type, four cases were MCB with mesenchymal differentiation and one case showed rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation. The right breast was involved in nine cases. The mean size of tumour was 8 cm with range of 3 to 16 cm. Five patients were treated by modified radical mastectomy and axillary dissection, four patients had lumpectomy and one patient underwent mastectomy. Half of the patients were below 40 years with the mean age being 36.8 years and range of 21-60 years. On Immunohistochemistry (IHC), 90% (9/10) cases were triple negative. Conclusion: The MCB, although rare has to be diagnosed and excised at the earliest as the prognosis is predicted to be worse similar to other triple negative breast carcinomas. Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) at the tumour periphery and co-expression of vimentin and cytokeratin would help to clinch the diagnosis in difficult situations.

Chondroid syringoma is a rare, benign, appendegeal neoplasm. It was initially termed as mixed tumor as it comprises both epithelial cells and chondromyxoid stroma. It usually presents as a slow growing, solitary, painless, subcutaneous, or intracutaneous mass, frequently in the head and neck region. Cytological features usually include the presence of both components, similar to histology but aspiration of only one component or atypical features can pose challenges in diagnosis. According to literature, only a few single case reports describing the cytological features of chondroid syringoma has been published. We report three cases of chondroid syringoma and its differential diagnosis on cytology.

Introduction: Breast carcinoma demands attention as it causes high morbidity and mortality. It is important to recognise benign lesions to distinguish them from in situ and invasive breast cancer and to assess a patient’s risk of developing breast cancer, so that the most appropriate treatment modality for each case can be established. The p63 has been characterised as a reliable marker of myoepithelial cells of lactiferous duct. It is exclusively expressed in myoepithelial cells of normal breast tissue. Hence, p63 can be of great help in the differential diagnosis involving benign lesions. Also, p63 may aid in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. Aim: To study the Immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression of p63 in benign and malignant breast lesions. Materials and Methods: The prospective study was conducted on 76 breast specimens for a period of one year, from 1st December 2018 to 30th November 2019 in the Department of Pathology, Bhagat Phool Singh, Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India. IHC assessment for p63 nuclear protein was performed. The intensity of p63 expression was evaluated as continuous positive, discontinuous positive and negative. The extent was scored on the basis of percentage of positive cells and assigned a score of negative (0%), 1 (<25%), 2 (26-90%) and 3 (91-100%). Results: Out of 76 cases, 38 cases were diagnosed as benign and 38 cases as malignant. IHC staining with p63 showed nuclear positivity in all benign lesions. Among malignant lesions, four were positive and 34 were negative. Conclusion: According to the above results, p63 is a very useful IHC marker in diagnosing difficult cases, cases of carcinoma in situ, borderline cases and cases with inconclusive histomorphological diagnosis.

Background: Ovarian lesions constitute a complex group with varied clinical behaviour and pathology. The ovaries constitute the internal reproductive organs their lesions can present in childhood to postmenopausal age group Clinical, radiological and gross examination alone cannot distinguish benign from malignant lesions; hence, histopathological examination is needed for their diagnosis and management. Objectives: A Clinico -pathological analysis of non-neoplastic and neoplastic ovarian lesions. Materials and methods: This descriptive study of one year comprised of 80 ovarian lesions diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Bhagat Phool Singh Government medical college Sonipat. After thorough gross examination, representative bits were routinely processed and stained with H & E. Tumours were classified as per WHO classification. Results: Out of 80 ovarian lesions received, non-neoplastic lesions constituted 39% (31/80). Benign lesions constituted 45% (36/80) whereas borderline and malignant lesions constituted 5% (4/80) and 11.25% (9/80) respectively. Among non-neoplastic lesions, follicular cysts (67.7%) constituted the majority followed by corpus luteal cysts and endometriotic cysts. Among neoplastic lesions majority of the tumours were of surface epithelial type (69.38%) followed by germ cell tumours (18.36%). Bilateral lesions were seen in 17 (26.98%) patients while unilateral lesions were seen in 46 (73.01%) patients. Patients age varied from 16 to 75 years. For non-neoplastic lesions, patient age varied from 16 to 61 years. For neoplastic lesions patient age ranged from 18-75 years with age range of 18-75 years for benign tumours and 26-66 years for malignant tumours. Abnormal uterine bleeding was the commonest clinical presentation of non-neoplastic lesions. Benign and malignant tumours were most commonly associated with pain abdomen. Conclusion: Ovarian lesions comprise of variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. By knowing clinical data, gross features, we can narrow our differential diagnosis and reach to the final diagnosis. So, early diagnosis and treatment definitely reduce the mortality from ovarian tumours. Keywords: Non-neoplastic, Benign, Malignant, Ovary, Lesions, Cysts, Tumours.