Deborah Appleman’s research while affiliated with Carleton College and other places

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Publications (3)


Voice in the Context of Literacy Studies
  • Article
  • Full-text available

January 2011

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1,247 Reads

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78 Citations

Reading Research Quarterly

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Deborah Appleman

The concept of voice permeates perspectives on reading and writing and has helped guide both literacy research and teaching. However, what voice is for scholars, researchers, and teachers takes many guises, some in apparent contradiction to others. We offer a theoretical perspective on the concept of voice, situating it within sociocultural accounts of language and literacy and, through a review of language and literacy research, arrive at a definition of voice. In doing so, we discuss the varied rhetorical, linguistic, and educational foundations of voice, exploring individual‐centered and social‐ and cultural‐centered perspectives, and two differing premises driving research: (1) that voice is a quality of language that reflects authorial choice and can be taught, and (2) that voice is a lens for understanding reading, writing, and learning processes. We discuss implications of our thinking about voice for literacy research and teaching. يتخلل مفهوم الصوت وجهات نظر بشأن القراءة والكتابة، وقد ساعد كمرشد للبحوث في مجاليْ القراءة والكتابة والتدريس على حد سواء. ومع ذلك، فإن الصوت بالنسبة للعلماء والباحثين يأخذ مظاهرعديدة متناقضة مع بعضها البعض. يقدم هذا المقال وجهة نظر نظرية بشأن مفهوم الصوت داخل حسابات سوسيوثقافية خاصة باللغة والقراءة والكتابة؛ من خلال مراجعة البحوث المتعلقة باللغة والقراءة والكتابة، بإمكاننا الوصول إلى تعريف للصوت. وبهذا فإننا نناقش أسس الصوت التربوية واللغوية والبلاغية، مستكشفين وجهات النظر المركزة على الفرد والمجتمع والثقافة، بالإضافة إلى مكانيْن مختلفين يوجهان البحث: أولا، إن الصوت ميزة اللغة تعكس اختيار الكاتب ويمكن تدريسها؛ ثانيا، هذا الصوت هو بمثابة عدسة لفهم القراءة والكتابة وعمليات التعلم. ونناقش كذلك الآثار المترتبة عن تفكيرنا فيما يتعلق بالصوت بغرض البحث في القراءة والكتابة والتدريس. 「心声表达」这个概念在有关阅读与写作的讨论中俯拾即是,亦曾有助于指导读写研究与读写教学。然而,心声表达这概念的意义,在许多学者、研究人员及教师的心目中却有多种,甚至大相径庭的体现形式。本文从语言及读写能力的社会文化角度,对心声表达这概念提出一个理论观点,并通过综述有关语言及读写能力研究之文献,给心声表达这概念作出定义。本文作者讨论有关心声表达在修辞学、语言学及教育学上的理论基础,探索以个人、社会及文化为中心的理论观点,以及两个驱动研究的不同大前题:心声表达就是反映写作者之选择的语言素质,是可以教授给学生的;心声表达就是帮助认识阅读、写作与学习过程的透视镜。本文作者亦讨论其对心声表达之想法给读写研究与教学所带来的启示。 Le concept de voix imprègne les perspectives de la lecture et de l'écriture et a servi de guide aussi bien dans l'enseignement que dans la recherche en littératie. Cependant, ce qu'est la voix pour les universitaires, les chercheurs et les enseignants revêt des formes différentes, parfois même à première vue contradictoires. Ce texte présente une perspective théorique sur le concept de voix, le plaçant dans le contexte socio‐culturel de la littératie et du langage et, au moyen d'une revue de la recherche sur la littératie et le langage, arrive à une définition de la voix. Procédant ainsi, nous débattons des différentes bases rhétoriques, linguistiques et pédagogiques de la voix, nous explorons les perspectives centrées sur l'individu, sur la société et sur la culture, et proposons deux prémisses pour diriger la recherche, à savoir que la voix est une propriété du langage qui reflète le choix de l'auteur et peut être enseignée, et que la voix est une loupe pour comprendre la lecture, l'écriture et les processus d'apprentissage. Nous discutons des implications de notre façon de concevoir la voix sur l'enseignement et la recherche en littératie. Понятие “голоса” или “тона” присутствует в любых рассуждениях о чтении и письме и задает направление для обучения и исследований грамотности. Однако ученые и учителя зачастую представляют “голос” по‐разному, и эти представления порой изрядно противоречат друг другу. Данное эссе предлагает теоретическую основу понятия “голоса”, определяет его место среди социокультурных аспектов языка и грамотности, дает обзор существующих исследований и – в итоге – приходит к определению самого понятия. При этом обсуждаются различные риторические, лингвистические, образовательные основы “голоса”. Он рассматривается с личностной и социально‐культурной точек зрения, исходя из двух совершенно разных посылок: первая утверждает, что “голос” – это свойство языка, который отражает авторский выбор, и ему можно научить, а вторая утверждает, что “голос” – это увеличительное стекло, которое помогает разобраться в процессах чтения, письма и обучения. Наши представления о “голосе” играют важную роль в исследованиях грамотности и в самом учебном процессе. El concepto de voz ha penetrado las perspectivas sobre la lectura y la escritura y ha ayudado a orientar ambos la investigación y la enseñanza de competencias. Sin embargo, el significado de voz varía entre los estudiosos, los investigadores y los maestros, a veces contradiciéndose. Este ensayo ofrece una perspectiva teórica del concepto de voz, ubicándolo dentro de informes socioculturales del lenguaje y la alfabetización y, por medio de un repaso de la investigación sobre el lenguaje y la alfabetización, llega a una definición de voz. Al hacer esto, se discuten los varios fundamentos retóricos, lingüísticos y docentes de la voz, explorando perspectivas centradas en el individuo y perspectivas centradas en lo social y cultural al igual que dos hipótesis que han dirigido la investigación: que la voz es una cualidad del idioma que refleja la selección del autor y puede ser enseñado, y que la voz es un lente para entender la lectura, la escritura y los procesos de aprendizaje. Se discuten las implicaciones de nuestra forma de pensar sobre la voz para la investigación y la educación.

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Table 1 MUSE Leavers, Movers, and Stayers 
Table 3 Recalculated " Stayers " and " Leavers " 
Abbie  
abbie explained how she used teacher inquiry and reflection to help her both improve her teaching and sustain her learning:
"In It for the Long Haul"--: How Teacher Education Can Contribute to Teacher Retention in High-Poverty, Urban Schools

July 2009

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488 Reads

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121 Citations

Journal of Teacher Education

This study explores a constellation of factors that contribute to the retention of teachers in high-poverty, urban schools. It focuses on one cohort of the University of California at Berkeley's Multicultural Urban Secondary English Credential and MA Program, analyzing qualitative and quantitative data to track the careers of 26 novice teachers through their 5th year after receiving their credential. The authors reconsider the categories traditionally used to determine whether teachers stay or leave and offer ways to track those who stay or leave high-poverty, urban schools, including the use of a category of “movers” to describe teachers who leave urban classroom teaching yet remain active in urban education. They conclude with a discussion of factors that seem to contribute to teachers staying in high-poverty, urban schools and educational settings. Besides a state scholarship program, these include (a) a sense of mission, which was reinforced and developed by the teacher education program; (b) a disposition for hard work and persistence, which was reinforced and developed by the teacher education program; (c) substantive preparation that included both the practical and the academic and harmony between the two; (d) training in assuming the reflective stance of a teacher researcher; (e) the opportunity, given the high demand for teachers in high-poverty schools, to be able to change schools or districts yet still remain in their chosen profession; and (f) ongoing support from members of the cohort as well as other supportive professional networks across the years.


Citations (3)


... The emphasis in this perspective is on finding one's voice as an author, and research written from this perspective is primarily concerned with having one's voice as an individual suppressed or elevated (Mhilli, 2023). Voice from an individual perspective is concerned with being authentic and committed to SCIENTIFIC AUTHORIAL VOICE 14 the truth of the things that one is writing, and it is based on identity and a high level of achievement in language skills (Sperling & Appleman, 2011). Authorial voice is classically understood from this perspective as a quality that one possesses based on a static identity, although this element of voice fell in popularity after the 1980s and is less prominent in linguistic discussions in a more modern context (Mhilli, 2023;Sperling & Appleman, 2011). ...

Reference:

Scientific Authorial Voice: Incorporating Explicit Instruction in Undergraduate Chemistry Courses
Voice in the Context of Literacy Studies

Reading Research Quarterly

... A second longstanding crisis (Little & Bartlett, 2010) is related to equity in the teacher workforce, with less experienced, uncertified teachers more likely to be placed in a school with more working-class students and students of color than in schools with predominantly white students and lower-poverty schools (Learning Policy Institute, 2023). Given that less experienced, uncertified teachers may have the least formal preparation and experience to meet the needs of diverse students, these statistics are important, particularly as research implies lower long-term retention rates for teachers who enter teaching uncertified (or through alternative certification pathways that provide very little teacher support) instead of through more rigorous traditional teacher education pathways (Freedman, & Appleman, 2009;Zhang & Zeller, 2016). I could relate to this as well, having mentored, supported, and worked with numerous colleagues at various stages of certification. ...

"In It for the Long Haul"--: How Teacher Education Can Contribute to Teacher Retention in High-Poverty, Urban Schools

Journal of Teacher Education

... On the other hand, as stated in International Education Recruitment Report (2024), 81.81% of teachers cite that professional development opportunities influence their decision to stay in a school. Some studies in this regard also show that a better working environment and opportunities for professional development can be crucial factors for teachers to stay in a school (Brill & McCartney, 2008;Freedman & Appleman, 2008). Also, according to Islam et al. (2013), HR benefits the most from organizational support and learning environments, which lead to increased commitment. ...

"What Else Would I Be Doing?": Teacher Identity and Teacher Retention in Urban Schools