David Marlowe’s research while affiliated with Harvard University and other places

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Publications (6)


TABLE 1 ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE OF EXPLOITATIVE CHOICES IN EXPERIMENT II 
Opponent's personality, expectation of social interaction, and interpersonal bargaining
  • Article
  • Full-text available

February 1966

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276 Reads

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78 Citations

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

David Marlowe

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In 2 separate experiments Ss participated in a 2-person, non-zero-sum game with an opponent whose behavior during the game was predominantly cooperative. In Exp. I Ss who anticipated further interaction with their opponent were less exploitative than those who did not. In Exp. II it was predicted that Ss would exploit an egotistical opponent to a greater extent when future interaction was anticipated than when it was not, but that when the opponent was seen to be self-effacing the reverse would be true. The results supported the prediction.

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The Approval Motive, Vicarious Reinforcement and Verbal Conditioning

November 1964

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15 Reads

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16 Citations

Perceptual and Motor Skills

This study investigated the relationship of approval motivation to verbal conditioning under vicarious reinforcement. Fifteen college students completed 20 operant trials in a sentence construction task. They then observed E reinforce a “programmed” confederate who emitted critical responses according to a typical acquisition curve. Fifteen control Ss observed identical confederate behavior with the reinforcements omitted. An additional 15 control Ss did not receive the observation phase. All Ss then were given 40 nonreinforced trials. A significant conditioning effect occurred only for Ss with high need for approval in the vicarious reinforcement condition. Results were related to previous verbal conditioning research.


The Effect of Instructional Set and Need for Social Approval on Commonality of Word Association Responses

January 1963

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15 Reads

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105 Citations

Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology

This study investigated the effect of various instructional sets (speed, relaxed time instructions, and "set popular" instructions) on commonality of word associations. Findings were generally supportive of the hypotheses: significantly more common associations were given under speed as compared to relaxed instructions, Ss were able to significantly increase their commonality scores under a set to give popular responses, and need for social approval was differentially related to commonality under relaxed but not under speed instructions. Contrary to a suggestion of Jenkins, social sensitivity (as reflected in the need for approval measure) was not related to the ability to increase one's commonality score under "set popular" instructions. (17 ref.)



TABLE 3 
A New Scale of Social Desirability Independent of Psychopathology

August 1960

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33,398 Reads

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8,353 Citations

Journal of Consulting Psychology

A new social desirability scale was constructed and correlated with MMPI scales. Comparison was made with correlations of the Edwards Social Desirability scale. The new scale correlated highly with MMPI scales and supported the definition of social desirability. Ss need to respond in "culturally sanctioned ways."

Citations (6)


... There are some criteria (e.g., criterion validity) showing whether a scale is valid or not. Criterion validity is achieved if there is a relationship between scales measuring similar characteristics (Crowne & Marlowe, 1964;Maroof, 2012). If the predicted relationships are statistically significant, criterion-related validity is demonstrated (Crowne & Marlowe, 1964). ...

Reference:

The Job Demands-Resources Scale: A Reliability and Validity Study
The Approval Motive: Studies in Evaluative Dependence
  • Citing Article
  • September 1965

The American Journal of Psychology

... Whether in diplomatic or labor/ business settings, negotiators may meet one another again. The prospect of negotiating with the same party reduces exploitation, which could backfire in a subsequent negotiation (Marlowe et al. 1966), promotes friendliness and cooperation (Shaffer and Ogden 1986), softer influence tactics (Van Knippenberg and Steensma 2003) and more satisfaction with the negotiation (Patton and Balakrishnan 2010). Moreover, it increases concern for the interests of the other party, a problem-solving approach, and the realization of higher joint outcomes in an integrative task (Ben-Yoav and Pruitt 1984b). ...

Opponent's personality, expectation of social interaction, and interpersonal bargaining

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

... The Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale-Short Form (MC-SDS; Crowne & Marlowe, 1960;Reynolds, 1982) is a 13-item self-report measure that assesses individual social desirability bias. Items are scored using a dichotomous response alternative (i.e., "true" = 1, "false" = 0), with the sum of all item scores (i.e., true statements) generating a total score for social desirability. ...

A New Scale of Social Desirability Independent of Psychopathology

Journal of Consulting Psychology

... Approval motivation comes with an increased desire for other people's admiration (Fehr & Falk, 2002) and to be concerned more greatly about 'what others say' (Karas ßar & Baytemir, 2018). It orients people towards obvious displays of obedience and conformity to authority (Marlow & Crowne, 1961;Strickland & Crowne, 1962), behaving according to cultural norms (Crowne, Crowne, & Marlowe, 1964;Horton, Marlowe, & Crowne, 1963) and to seeming more socially conventional and dependent (Paulhus, 1991). ...

The Effect of Instructional Set and Need for Social Approval on Commonality of Word Association Responses

Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology

... SD is a very popular concept that refers to a tendency to respond to certain situations in a socially acceptable way (Richman et al., 1999). For some authors, it is considered a source of bias in self report measures (Mueller-Hanson et al., 2003;Paulhus, 1981Paulhus, , 2002Rosse et al., 1988;Tatman & Kreamer, 2014;Watson et al., 2006), despite the fact that the evidence to support this claim is inconsistent (Marlowe et al., 1964;Ones et al., 1996). Based on empirical evidence, it has been suggested that SD is a stable trait, linked to an intrinsic NSA (Barger, 2002;Domínguez Espinosa et al., 2012;Marlowe et al., 1964;McCrae & Costa, 1983;Smith & Ellingson, 2002;Uziel, 2010). ...

The Approval Motive, Vicarious Reinforcement and Verbal Conditioning
  • Citing Article
  • November 1964

Perceptual and Motor Skills

... Bireylerin çevresindeki kişilerin isteklerinin kendi isteklerinden daha önemli olarak görüldüğü toplulukçu kültürde, bireyin önemli bir karar almasında bile toplumun beklentileri önemli bir rol oynamaktadır (Özdemir ve Çok, 2011). Ancak sosyal onay için ihtiyacın toplumsal olarak istenen bir biçimde olması, bireysel farklılıkları da hesaba katılmasını gerekmektedir (Marlowe, 1962). Bu kapsamda araştırma bulgularının farklı çıkması beklenen bir durumdur. ...

Need for Social Approval and the Operant Conditioning of Meaningful Verbal Behavior

Journal of Consulting Psychology