Darci Francisco dos Santos Junior’s research while affiliated with Universidade de Cuiabá and other places

Objetivo: descrever as estratégias utilizadas para enfrentar as adversidades decorrentes da pandemia da COVID-19 pelos profissionais de enfermagem brasileiros e compreender suas experiências e sentimentos resultantes desse contexto. Métodos: estudo misto, do tipo paraleloconvergente, realizado com amostragem não probabilística com 1737 enfermeiros de diferentes regiões do Brasil, por questionário virtual, sobre dados sociodemográficos e o Inventário de Estratégias de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus. As variáveis associadas ao estudo foram verificadas por análise bivariada. Os dados qualitativos foram discutidos por meio da Análise de Conteúdo Temático-Categorial. Resultados: na fase quantitativa, as estratégias de coping mais utilizadas pelos enfermeiros foram a Reavaliação positiva (1,26±0,62), a Resolução de problemas (1,14±0,56) e o Autocontrole (1,14±0,56). Verificou-se também uma comparação significativa entre as estratégias Apoio Social (1,01±0,53), Distanciamento (0,89±0,50), Aceitação da responsabilidade (0,86±0,65), Fuga/Evitação (0,85±0,56) e Confrontação (0,85±0,65). Os profissionais atribuíram a motivação para seguir em frente, o apoio coletivo para lidar com situações de stress e a responsabilidade de cumprir as suas obrigações profissionais mesmo quando enfrentam uma carga de trabalho elevada. Conclusões: a maioria dos profissionais de enfermagem utilizou estratégias funcionais para enfrentar os problemas no contexto da pandemia. A utilização das estratégias não exclui a disponibilização de espaço para discussão das dificuldades relacionadas ao cotidiano de trabalho desses profissionais.

Objective: to analyze the emotional health of school adolescents. Methods: a parallel mixed study embedded concomitantly in a dominant model with a quantitative emphasis, carried out in a public school of reference, with a convenience sample of 55 adolescents aged between 13 and 19. The quantitative data was analyzed descriptively, and the qualitative data was analyzed through content analysis. Results: it was found that 80% of the adolescents said they were anxious, 47.2% were sad, and 32.7% had already self-harmed or attempted suicide. They said their sadness was due to their life story, fear of rejection, and low self-esteem, and 70.9% felt lonely and reported that their depressed mood led them to isolate themselves. Conclusion: sadness due to life history, fear of rejection and low self-esteem, sleep problems due to anxiety, loneliness due to fear of being bullied, difficulty in making themselves understood, and depressive symptoms are noticeable. Contributions to practice: this study made it possible to identify the needs and social determinants of mental health that are important to work on in nurses’ mental health promotion practice.

Objective To assess the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and the social, clinical, and occupational profile of nurses in the Amazon region of Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional online study was conducted in 2020 with 261 nurses. The Symptom Assessment Scale-40 was utilized. Results The presence of pre-existing conditions before the pandemic was associated with psychotism (p=0.044). Experiencing constraints and/or violence at work during the pandemic was associated with somatization (p=0.025), and working hours were associated with anxiety (p=0.025). Nurses predominantly exhibited symptoms related to fear (33.7%), tension (34.5%), and a sense that something is wrong in the mind (22.6%). Conclusions A significant association was observed between working hours and anxiety symptoms, the experience of constraints and/or violence at work during the COVID-19 pandemic and somatization symptoms, as well as between pre-existing conditions and psychotism symptoms related to COVID-19. Descriptors: COVID-19; Mental Health; Nursing; Amazonian Ecosystem; Psychic Symptoms

Objective To assess the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and the social, clinical, and occupational profile of nurses in the Amazon region of Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional online study was conducted in 2020 with 261 nurses. The Symptom Assessment Scale-40 was utilized. Results The presence of pre-existing conditions before the pandemic was associated with psychotism (p=0.044). Experiencing constraints and/or violence at work during the pandemic was associated with somatization (p=0.025), and working hours were associated with anxiety (p=0.025). Nurses predominantly exhibited symptoms related to fear (33.7%), tension (34.5%), and a sense that something is wrong in the mind (22.6%). Conclusions A significant association was observed between working hours and anxiety symptoms, the experience of constraints and/or violence at work during the COVID-19 pandemic and somatization symptoms, as well as between pre-existing conditions and psychotism symptoms related to COVID-19. Descriptors: COVID-19; Mental Health; Nursing; Amazonian Ecosystem; Psychic Symptoms

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an important negative psychological impact on people worldwide, especially nursing professionals who seem to be more vulnerable to the development of psychopathological symptoms. Objective: To analyze relationships between variables from the social and clinical contexts with psychopathological symptoms in nursing professionals from different geographic regions of Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with 1737 nursing professionals from the five regions of Brazil. Data collection was carried out online with a questionnaire made available via Google Forms containing sociodemographic, occupational, and clinical questions, and the Symptom Assessment Scale-40-R, for the assessment of psychopathological symptoms. Differences between mean scores for the severity of psychopathological symptoms were assessed using the Mann–Whitney and Kruskall–Wallis tests. Results: There was a significant difference in the psychoticism domain scores according to Brazilian geographic region, with greater severity among professionals from the North and Northeast regions when compared with those from the South region. Social context variables (gender, age group, and marital status) and clinical variables (psychological and psychiatric follow-up; psychological or emotional support by the institution; family member, friend, neighbor, or co-worker with COVID-19, and death among them; use of psychiatric medication without a medical prescription; and taking steps to take care of their mental health) were significantly related to psychopathological symptoms. Conclusions: The results point to the importance of mental health promotion strategies for professionals through psychological or emotional support, as evidence indicates that this support can be a predictor of reduced psychological distress.

Objective: to report the experience of the first phase of the development of a care-educational technology for the promotion of children’s mental health. Method: this is an experience report about the first phase of the elaboration of a manual in the light of Meleis’ Transitions Theory and Goleman’s Emotional Intelligence Model. Results: the manual should be prepared considering childhood as a period of a developmental nature, having as facilitators the school and the child’s positive emotional characteristics, which may be inhibited by factors related to the negative social context. Regarding the pattern of response, it was expected that the manual would seek a pattern of positive emotional response from the child, through the promotion of mental health, from the strengthening of children’s emotional skills. Conclusion: the choice of Theory promotes effective communication and the use of Goleman's Emotional Intelligence Model enables the manual to obtain understanding, multiplication and execution.

Objective: This study sought to identify and analyze the psychopathological symptoms of schoolchildren from a state in the Brazilian Amazon region. Methods: This is a convergent parallel mixed study conducted with school-age children (6 to 12 years) from Amapá, located in the Brazilian Amazon region. For data collection, the Psychopathological Symptom Identification Scale was used with schoolchildren in addition to individual interviews. Results: Most children had few psychopathological symptoms, and 12.65% required referral to a specialist. The symptoms were positively and significantly related to age and negatively and significantly related to the frequency of physical exercise. Participants who had relatives with mental disorders and who used psychoactive substances had significantly more symptoms. Some symptoms related to anxiety, mood, social behavior, attention and eating patterns had an average of answers that was higher than expected (1.5), which, in the children's discourses, were likely related to family situations such as poverty, violence, illness, abandonment, and social pressure due to aesthetic standards. Conclusion: Psychopathological symptoms such as anxiety, mood, social behaviors, and eating patterns were the most frequent among the students investigated, suggesting a relationship between these symptoms and the greater social vulnerability to which these children are exposed. Practice implications: This study supports the promotion of a social practice based on the use of observational power for the transformation of reality, with pediatric nurses, primary care providers and health and education systems as important agents of social change through actions designed to promote mental health in schools, families and society.

Já se passaram mais de 200 anos do advento da enfermagem moderna, e apesar de tanto tempo, volta e meia passamos por situações desafiadoras e inimagináveis. Mas, em tempos que profissões centenárias perecem e novas surgem, o que será de nós? Apesar de estarmos sendo reconhecidos em 2020, por meio da comemoração do ano internacional da Enfermagem pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, seremos futuramente esquecidos, ou reconhecidas pela história?Antes de respondermos a essas questões, é importante revisitarmos os dados sobre o perfil da enfermagem no Brasil, que apontam que a nossa profissão é formada majoritariamente por mulheres, pretos e pardos. Populações que, historicamente, vivem a desigualdade, o preconceito e, porque não dizer, a miséria social em seu sentido mais amplo.Sabendo disso, cabe à geração atual de enfermeiros se empoderar sobre a sua própria história, para que possamos modificar o futuro e reparar as mazelas e injustiças do passado. Que os nossos profissionais passem a reconhecer figuras históricas da enfermagem como Mary Jane Seacole, cujo passado foi esquecido por muito tempo, pois apesar de todos os seus esforços na guerra da Crimeia, foi recusada na equipe de Florence pelo simples fato de ser negra. Isso mostra que está na hora de escrevermos uma história mais justa, para que não sejamos acometidos pelos mesmos erros do passado.Diante disso, será que ainda seguimos negligenciando, sem perceber, pessoas que seriam capazes de mudar o que hoje conhecemos como enfermagem? Será que nos calam, ou pior, nós nos deixamos calar sobre o que podemos ou não fazer em relação a nossa própria profissão? Será que foi necessária uma pandemia para que finalmente fossemos reconhecidos como essenciais por um serviço que realizamos, como ciência, há 200 anos? Tal mudança só poderá ocorrer quando lutarmos e nos empoderarmos enquanto uma ciência profissional essencial; e esperamos que não demore mais 200 anos para que isso ocorra. Essa luta e empoderamento nos colocará a frente de desafios, que não serão mais difíceis do que vivemos em nosso passado de resistências a retrocesso, mas que poderão ser, de uma vez por todas, a nossa maior contribuição para o fortalecimento da profissão, e o desenvolvimento sustentável da população global. Também esperamos que, no futuro, você leitor não tenha que se deparar com nenhuma das problemáticas levantadas nesse texto, e que seja somente um texto sobre o quanto éramos ocupados demais com tantas responsabilidades da profissão, e que, por isso, tenha nos faltado um pouquinho de tempo para maior engajamento para chegarmos onde você chegou. Mas, caso você tenha se identificado, você é responsável por essa mudança, por isso, dê o pontapé inicial no seu trabalho, faça pesquisas e responda problemas, seja sempre referência onde quer que você vá, e não deixe se abalar por nada. A nossa Enfermagem depende do agora. Esperamos que esse ano de reconhecimento da enfermagem vire um século de comemorações.