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The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of political trust and participation of people in cultural diversities area by comparing political trust and participation of people living in Hatyai and Pattani Municipalities. The data were collected using a questionnaire, and analyzed using percentage, mean, and standard deviation to explore the relationships between political trust and participation. Regression analysis was carried out to investigate factors affecting political trust and participation, and t-test was employed to compare the levels between political trust and political participation of people in areas of cultural diversity, namely, Hatyai and Pattani Municipalities. The results of the study revealed that regarding political trust, when compared between Hatyai and Pattani Municipalities, the levels of political trust of people in the two areas were not different, and the overall levels were at a moderate level. When compared by item, the level of each item was at the same level which was a moderate level for all items, namely, trust in the municipal policy, trust in the municipal work process, trust in persons in the municipality, and trust in the municipal work sys-tem. Regarding political participation, when compared between Hatyai Municipality and Pattani Municipal-ity, it was found that the levels of political participation in the two areas were not different, and the overall levels for the two areas were at a low level. When compared by item, the level of each item in the two areas was at the same level which was a moderate level for participation in elections, and participation in activities organized by the municipalities. For the levels of participation in municipal administration, and participation in demonstrations, protests or petitions for justice were at the same level which was a low level.The overall relationships between political trust and participation in Hatyai Municipality and those in Pattani Municipal-ity were the same. The factors affecting political trust of people in Hatyai and Pattani municipalities were: social capital, political communication, and political mobilization. Factors in political attitudes affected po-litical trust of people in Hatyai Municipality only while political knowledge affected political trust of people in Pattani Municipality only. The factors affecting participation of people in Hatyai and Pattani Municipalities were: political mobilization and political attitudes. Factors in income and political communication affected political participation of people in Hatyai Municipality only while religious factors and educational factors affected political participation of people in Pattani Municipality only.