Daniel Chapman’s research while affiliated with University of Pennsylvania and other places

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Publications (4)


How Localized Outbreaks and Changes in Media Coverage Affect Zika Attitudes in National and Local Contexts
  • Article

September 2019

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33 Reads

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8 Citations

Kathryn Haglin

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Daniel Chapman

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Dan Kahan

Public opinion researchers often find changing attitudes about pressing public health issues to be a difficult task and even when attitudes do change, behaviors often do not. However, salient real-world events have the ability to bring public health crises to the fore in unique ways. To assess the impact of localized public health events on individuals’ self-reported behavior, this paper examines Floridians’ intentions to take preventative measures against the Zika virus before and after the first locally transmit- ted case of Zika emerged in Florida. We find that local and national media coverage of Zika increased significantly following its first transmission in the U.S. Critically, we also find that Floridians surveyed after this increase in media coverage were more likely to pay attention to Zika-related news, and self-report intentions to take protective action against the virus. These results suggest that behavioral intentions can shift as health threats become more proximate.


Figure 2. Question Wording & Response Option Effects Across Experimental Conditions Hollow circles correspond to mean levels of agreement with anthropogenic climate change, observed across experimental conditions. 95% confidence intervals extend out from each one. These analyses use weighted survey data, and do not include Independents who "lean" toward one party over the other. However, analyses run without weights, and that include "leaners" as partisans, can be found in the Supplementary Materials.
Experimental design overview. An outline of the experimental conditions, demonstrating that three survey instrument components were manipulated across eight conditions. Group sizes are listed below each condition number
Question wording & response option effects across experimental conditions. Hollow circles correspond to mean levels of agreement with anthropogenic climate change, observed across experimental conditions. 95% confidence intervals extend out from each one. These analyses use weighted survey data and do not include Independents who “lean” toward one party over the other. However, analyses run without weights, and that include “leaners” as partisans, can be found in the Supplementary Materials. We re-estimate this figure with survey weights applied in the Supplemental Materials. Conditions: (1) = Discrete, Hard DK, No Explainer; (2) Discrete, Soft DK, No Explainer; (3) Discrete, Hard DK, Explainer; (4) Discrete, Soft DK, Explainer; (5) = Likert, Hard DK, No Explainer; (6) Likert, Soft DK, No Explainer; (7) Likert, Hard DK, Explainer; (8) Likert, Soft DK, Explainer
An experimental examination of measurement disparities in public climate change beliefs
  • Article
  • Full-text available

May 2019

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664 Reads

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29 Citations

Climatic Change

The extent to which Americans—especially Republicans—believe in anthropogenic climate change (ACC) has recently been the subject of high profile academic and popular disagreement. We offer a novel framework, and experimental data, for making sense of this debate. Using a large (N = 7,019) and demographically diverse sample of US adults, we compare several widely used methods for measuring belief in ACC. We find that seemingly trivial decisions made when constructing questions can, in some cases, significantly alter the proportion of the American public who appear to believe in human-caused climate change. Critically, we find that some common measurement practices may nearly double estimates of Republicans’ acceptance of human-caused climate change. We conclude by discussing how this work can help improve the consumption of research on climate opinion.

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Citations (3)


... The non-lossframed ads were entitled "family", "religion" and "geography". These nonloss-framed ads were inspired by different strands of the literature that link religion and health 65 , family and health 66 , and information about local health conditions and health behavior 67 . While this design does not allow us to infer the effects of loss-versus gain-framing (since we do not include a specifically gain-framed ad), it allows us to compare the effect of loss-framed ads with ads that rely on different psychological channels that have been shown to affect health-related behavior. ...

Reference:

Can social media encourage diabetes self-screenings? A randomized controlled trial with Indonesian Facebook users
How Localized Outbreaks and Changes in Media Coverage Affect Zika Attitudes in National and Local Contexts
  • Citing Article
  • September 2019

... These can use a range of categorical options, or scales (for instance, ranging from 'entirely natural' to 'entirely human') or alternatively respondents are given a statement on either end of the scale and asked the extent to which they agree with it. Experimental research suggests that recorded anthropogenic belief appears higher when responses are recorded on an agree/disagree scale compared to using categorical responses options (Motta et al. 2019). Moreover, the number of response categories is important, in particular whether there is an option to assign equal responsibility to humans and natural causes (Greenhill et al. 2014). ...

An experimental examination of measurement disparities in public climate change beliefs

Climatic Change