December 1955
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1 Read
Educational Technology Research and Development
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December 1955
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1 Read
Educational Technology Research and Development
June 1955
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2 Reads
Educational Technology Research and Development
March 1955
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5 Reads
Educational Technology Research and Development
September 1954
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5 Reads
Educational Technology Research and Development
June 1954
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41 Reads
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100 Citations
Public Opinion Quarterly
This article summarizes the results of the first three annual inventories of New York television programs as well as of the single studies in Los Angeles and New Haven conducted by the author for the National Association of Educational Broadcasters with funds supplied by the Fund for Adult Education, established by the Ford Foundation. It also describes and analyzes the theory of content analysis employed in these studies and suggests certain new directions which might usefully be explored in the effort to determine the nature of the reality presented to the American public by television and other mass media.
... From the start, women have been under-represented and marginalized in television entertainment. Early content analyses by both Head (1954) and Smythe (1954) found that men on television outnumbered women by a ratio of 2:1, and that women were younger than men and most often portrayed as housewives. Tedesco (Signorielli) (1974) found no improvement 20 years later, with females representing 28% of the 775 prime-time characters analyzed in programming from 1969 to 1972. ...
June 1954
Public Opinion Quarterly