January 2006
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33 Reads
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262 Citations
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Citations (1)
... It is traditional to distinguish between the ideas of "weak" emergence, where higher-level properties follow in principle from lower-level ones, and "strong" emergence, where higher-level properties are truly new [4]. Strong emergence is an especially popular concept in some approaches to understanding consciousness, but it is also invoked in discussions of the origin of life and elsewhere [5][6][7]. There is also a distinction between "epistemic" emergence, which refers to an ability to capture features of systems depending on different levels of knowledge about them, and "ontological" emergence, where emergent properties are thought to really exist in a way that is not reducible to lower-level properties. ...
Reference:
What Emergence Can Possibly Mean
- Citing Article
January 2006