D. Wertheim's research while affiliated with Kingston University and other places

... Such track profiles later were used by some of us (Dörschel et al., 2003;Fromm, 1996;Fromm et al., 1991;Fromm et al., 1993), notably to test capabilities and correctness of etching models. Due to the technical evolution of microscopy and improvement of digital tools several attempts have been made to get insight into the etched track morphology, especially to measure detector response functions based on geometric analyses of etched track wall co-ordinates (Awad, 2001;Fromm et al., 2003;Hermsdorf and Hunger, 2009;Vaginay et al., 2001;Wertheim, 2014;Yu et al., 2005). ...

... The microcirculation of skin has been investigated by spectroscopy in the visible spectral range by some authors (Feather et al, 1988;Kakizoe et al, 1992;Geyer et al, 1996;Sowa et al, 1997;Kakihana et al, 1998). The NIR spectrum was also used to investigate venous oxygen saturation of the subpapillar plexus (Sahlin, 1992;Mancini et al, 1994;Wertheim et al, 1997). First accounts were made to evaluate the spectral re¯ectance data with respect to qualitative and/or quantitative clinical scores. ...

... The measurement of pressures under the device and stiffness of each device cannot be routine for every patient who wears compression stockings or bandages. However, there are several areas where quantifying compression may be of value: quality control of (new) compression products and/or compression techniques, 4,8,11,14,27,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] proof of concepts (e.g., do we apply graduated compression?), 31,39,45,46 comparative clinical trials (to assess the ''dosage'' of compression applied to individual legs), 8,47 correlation with clinical outcomes or with physiological measurements, 6,24,38,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] documentation of clinical care (continuous monitoring), 8,19,43,57 training individuals how to apply compression bandages, 9,[58][59][60] classification of compression bandages, compression stockings, velcro-straps, multi-layer compression systems, 8,71 validation of in vitro measurements, 20,30,56,61,62 compression of stockings to be indicated in mmHg instead of compression classes, 63 evaluation of the level of compression of a bandage, a stocking or a device over time. ...

... Researchers have created high-resolution images of lymph nodes, oral mucosa, the dermis layer of the skin, and auricular cartilage of the joint space. [26][27][28][29] In addition to using Imaris and Amira, researchers have used Voxx (Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA) and Vaa3D (Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA) to develop 3D renderings of images acquired through benchtop confocal ...

... Such methods are used both in stereovision (Sonka and Fitzpatrik [8]) and in other fields of imaging, i.e. spectral method (Porwik [9]). The methodology of analysis is based on the texture comparison (Korzynska et al. [10], Koprowski et al. [11][12][13][14], Korus et al. [15]) using graphs or correlation analysis. For the majority of these methods, the key problem is extraction of the characteristic features of the image, such as contours (edges), angles and many other features, which would be invariant and able to be searched and found in all the images from the sequence. ...

... This can not only reduce the probability of the sudden drop of the TCP window caused by the loss of some unimportant video packets but also decrease the wireless network load. Besides, as another mainstream communication protocol, user datagram protocol (UDP) cannot provide any congestion control mechanism but can bring less delay, which is commonly used in real-time video and audio streaming services [17]. For wireless real-time multimedia APPs, the authors of [18,19] proposed the UDP-Lite and UDP-Liter protocol to solve the problem of excessive loss rate suffered at the receiver. ...

... One method is to crush and polish the side of the detector to reveal the profiles or longitudinal cross-sections of the drilled paths (Dörschel et al., 1997;Tse et al., 2008). Another method is the use of a confocal microscope through a 3D imaging technique of track profile (Dörschel et al., 2003;Wertheim et al., 2010;. ...

... However, a recent article [17] argues strongly that 3D surface imaging is not enough for "surgical simulations" and that one should employ a model that also includes the complex (non-linear) mechanisms of soft tissues. Other topics using 3D facial surface imaging that are relevant to evaluating clinical outcomes relate to "4D" videos of the dynamics of 3D facial expressions [18] and 3D facial aesthetics [19][20][21]. ...

... Before analysis, the surface of film was sputtered with gold. Three-dimensional surface imaging of the film was performed using a LEXT OLS4100 (Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) laser confocal microscope, conducted using a similar approach to that previously described [21,22]. ...

... However, in reality the heterogeneous lungs have many different compartments due to highly variable lung compliances (C L ) and lung resistances (R L ) within each compartment, but these differences are difficult to appreciate from the pressure-volume curves measured by the ventilator and even from pulmonary function measurements made at a later stage of sBPD. [28][29][30] During the very early stages of BPD, C L is mostly defined by surface tension forces at the air-liquid interface, i.e., the availability and/or function of surfactant, and less by the extracellular matrix composed of elastin and collagen whose levels are low in the extremely preterm lung. 31 The low levels of elastic elements likely play a role in the difficulties the extremely preterm infant has in maintaining an adequate functional residual capacity (FRC) for efficient gas exchange, accentuated by a highly compliant ribcage. ...