D Moher's research while affiliated with Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and other places

Publications (138)

Article
Les données de santé collectées en routine et obtenues à des fins administratives et cliniques sans objectifs de recherche spécifiques a priori, sont de plus en plus utilisées pour la recherche. L'évolution rapide et la disponibilité de ces données ont révélé des problèmes qui ne sont pas abordés dans les outils d’évaluation existantes, tel que STR...
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BACKGROUND: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are used to evaluate social and psychological interventions and inform policy decisions about them. Accurate, complete, and transparent reports of social and psychological intervention RCTs are essential for understanding their design, conduct, results, and the implications of the findings. However, t...
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BACKGROUND: The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) Statement was developed to help biomedical researchers report randomised controlled trials (RCTs) transparently. We have developed an extension to the CONSORT 2010 Statement for social and psychological interventions (CONSORT-SPI 2018) to help behavioural and social scientists rep...
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Background While the patient and public involvement (PPI) evidence base has expanded over the past decade, the quality of reporting within papers is often inconsistent, limiting our understanding of how it works, in what context, for whom, and why. Objective To develop international consensus on the key items to report to enhance the quality, tran...
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BACKGROUND: While the patient and public involvement (PPI) evidence base has expanded over the past decade, the quality of reporting within papers is often inconsistent, limiting our understanding of how it works, in what context, for whom, and why. OBJECTIVE: To develop international consensus on the key items to report to enhance the quality, tra...
Article
Routinely collected health data, obtained for administrative and clinical purposes without specific a priori research goals, are increasingly used for research. The rapid evolution and availability of these data have revealed issues not addressed by existing reporting guidelines, such as Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epide...
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Background Delirium is characterized by acute changes in mental status including inattention, disorganized thinking, and altered level of consciousness, and is highly prevalent in critically ill adults. Delirium has adverse consequences for both patients and the healthcare system; however, at this time, no effective treatment exists. The identifica...
Book
Nonpharmacological treatments include a wide variety of treatments such as surgery, technical procedures, implantable and non-implantable devices, rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and behavioral interventions. Unlike pharmacological treatments, these have no specific requirements for approval. Consequently, they can be widely proposed in clinical pra...
Article
Without a complete published description of interventions, clinicians and patients cannot reliably implement interventions that are shown to be useful, and other researchers cannot replicate or build on research findings. The quality of description of interventions in publications, however, is remarkably poor. To improve the completeness of reporti...
Article
Zusammenfassung Nur wenn Interventionsbeschreibungen vollständig veröffentlicht sind, können Kliniker und Patienten Interventionen, die sich als nützlich erwiesen haben, verlässlich umsetzen und andere Forscher die Studienergebnisse replizieren oder darauf aufbauen. Die Qualität von Interventionsbeschreibungen in wissenschaftlichen Publikationen i...
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Full-text available
Routinely collected health data, obtained for administrative and clinical purposes without specific a priori research goals, are increasingly used for research. The rapid evolution and availability of these data have revealed issues not addressed by existing reporting guidelines, such as Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epide...
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Full-text available
Incomplete reporting has been identified as a major source of avoidable waste in biomedical research. Essential information is often not provided in study reports, impeding the identification, critical appraisal, and replication of studies. To improve the quality of reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies, the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic...
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Background Health equity concerns the absence of avoidable and unfair differences in health. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) can provide evidence about the impact of an intervention on health equity for specific disadvantaged populations or in general populations; this is important for equity-focused decision-making. Previous work has identifie...
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BACKGROUND The promotion of health equity, the absence of avoidable and unfair differences in health outcomes, is a global imperative. Systematic reviews are an important source of evidence for health decision-makers, but have been found to lack assessments of the intervention effects on health equity. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic R...
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Objective: Routinely collected health data, collected for administrative and clinical purposes, without specific a priori research questions, are increasingly used for observational, comparative effectiveness, health services research, and clinical trials. The rapid evolution and availability of routinely collected data for research has brought to...
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The CONSORT statement is used worldwide to improve the reporting of randomised controlled trials. Kenneth Schulz and colleagues describe the latest version, CONSORT 2010, which updates the reporting guideline based on new methodological evidence and accumulating experience Introduction Randomised controlled trials, when appropriately designed, cond...
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: Protocols of systematic reviews and meta-analyses allow for planning and documentation of review methods, act as a guard against arbitrary decision making during review conduct, enable readers to assess for the presence of selective reporting against completed reviews, and, when made publicly available, reduce duplication of efforts and potential...
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Systematic reviews should build on a protocol that describes the rationale, hypothesis, and planned methods of the review; few reviews report whether a protocol exists. Detailed, well-described protocols can facilitate the understanding and appraisal of the review methods, as well as the detection of modifications to methods and selective reporting...
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The annual CSEB National Student Conference is a Canadian conference for students by students. The hosting university changes every year and attracts highly motivated graduate students in the field of epidemiology and biostatistics to disseminate current research methods and findings. The conference provides a platform for professional development...
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Determining the effectiveness of social and psychological interventions is important for improving individual and population health. Such interventions are complex and, where possible, are best evaluated by randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The use of research findings in policy and practice decision making is hindered by poor reporting of RCTs....
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Social and psychological interventions are often complex. Understanding randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of these complex interventions requires a detailed description of the interventions tested and the methods used to evaluate them; however, RCT reports often omit, or inadequately report, this information. Incomplete and inaccurate reporting h...
Conference Paper
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Launched in February 2011, PROSPERO is an international online prospective register of health related systematic reviews, initiated by the UK Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) and developed in collaboration with an international advisory group. Although protocol development is integral to systematic reviews carried out or funded by many or...
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Background: The design of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) should incorporate characteristics (such as concealment of randomised allocation and blinding of participants and personnel) that avoid biases resulting from lack of comparability of the intervention and control groups. Empirical evidence suggests that the absence of such characteristics...
Book
Methods of assessing the need for systematic reviews to be updated have been published, but agreement among them is unclear. To compare two methods for assessing the need to update an evidence review, using three evidence reports on the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cancer, cognition and aging, and cardiovascular diseases (with separate analyse...
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Eighty children with nephrotic syndrome underwent lumbar spine densitometry and vertebral morphometry soon after glucocorticoid initiation. We found an inverse relationship between glucocorticoid exposure and spine areal bone mineral density (BMD) Z-score and a low rate of vertebral deformities (8%). Vertebral fractures are an under-recognized comp...
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This report aims to summarize the evidence around pedometer-based interventions designed to increase levels of physical activity among those at risk for and/or suffering from chronic disease. Its intention is to support efforts that seek to increase levels of physical activity for those with chronic disease in the Champlain region of the province o...
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This report aims to summarize the evidence around the intrapartum management of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to help inform evidence-based guidelines and advance practice in the province of Ontario. Key Messages  Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) can cause serious complications in the intrapartum care of pregnant women and thei...
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This report aims to summarize the evidence around early-term elective repeat cesarean section (ERCS) to help inform evidence-based guidelines and advance practice in the province of Ontario. Key Messages • Early-term ERCS (37-38 weeks) has consistently been associated with increased risks to the neonate, including respiratory morbidity, NICU admiss...
Article
Vertebral fractures are an under-recognized problem in children with inflammatory disorders. We studied spine health among 134 children (87 girls) with rheumatic conditions (median age 10 years) within 30 days of initiating glucocorticoid therapy. Children were categorized as follows: juvenile dermatomyositis (n = 30), juvenile idiopathic arthritis...
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What is known about postpartum intervention for women with history of GDM? Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a sentinel event in the life of a woman of reproductive age that confers risk to both mother and baby for future development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and a host of other complications. A diagnosis of GDM presents a unique oppor...
Article
Fowler and Stephens showed that by dividing the spermatic vessels a high intra-abdominal testis could be placed in the scrotum. Testicular atrophy is a potential complication of this technique. We conducted a systematic review to determine whether single or 2-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy results in better testicular viability. We searched elect...
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Structured Abstract Objectives: To systematically review the evidence on efficacy and harms of pharmaceutical treatments used in the management of male erectile dysfunction (ED); to explore the clinical utility of routine hormonal blood tests (e.g., testosterone, prolactin) for identifying and treating hormonal disorders and thereby affecting thera...
Chapter
This evidence report was commissioned by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to address the following key questions: Key Question 1. For patients who require intensive lipid-modifying therapy, what are the comparative long-term benefits and rates of serious adverse events of coadministration of different lipid-modifying agents (i....
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This evidence report was commissioned by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality questions: Key Question 1. For patients lipid-modifying therapy, what are the comparative long-term benefits and rates of serious adverse events of coadministration of different lipid-modifying agent) compared with monotherapy? Key Question 2. Do these regimens...
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Systematic review. To review sexuality in persons with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), and to report the effectiveness of erectile interventions. Reports from six databases (1966-2003), selected annual proceedings (1997-2002) and manufacturer's information were screened against eligibility criteria. Included reports were abstracted and data pooled fro...
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The utility of a pretrial clinical evaluation or run-in phase prior to conducting trials of complex interventions such as hypothermia therapy following severe traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents has not been established. The primary objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the ability of investigators to adhere to the cl...
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Systematic review.Objectives:To review systematically fertility of persons with spinal cord injuries (SCI) and their partners. Reports from six databases (1966-2003), selected annual proceedings (1997-2002) and manufacturer's information were screened against eligibility criteria. Searches covered female obstetrical issues, and the efficacy of vibr...
Article
To evaluate the efficacy of metformin against placebo, diet, oral anti-diabetics, or insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Systematic review. MEDLINE (1966-2003), EMBASE (1974-2003), LILACS (1986-2003), Cochrane library (Issue 3, 2003). 29 randomized clinical trials of metformin in monotherapy, with results on mortality, morbidity, and biochemistry....
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of metformin against placebo, diet, oral antidiabetics, or insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Design Systematic review. Data sources MEDLINE (1966-2003), EMBASE (1974-2003), LILACS (1986- 2003), Cochrane library (Issue 3, 2003). Selection of studies 29 randomized clinical trials of metformin in monotherapy, w...