D E Mold’s research while affiliated with Duke University Medical Center and other places

... In the human CNS, widely distributed N-glycans, O-glycans, and gangliosides (GGs) contribute to highly efficient learning, memory maintenance, and neurodevelopment (Iqbal et al., 2019). As key mediators of cellular interaction, communication, molecular trafficking, and differentiation (Bukke et al., 2020), abnormal protein glycosylation levels have been closely associated with the development of diabetes, cancer, and several NDDs, including AD (Hung et al., 1980;Videira and Castro-Caldas, 2018;Conroy et al., 2021). This review summarizes current findings on alterations in glycosylation and the molecular mechanisms involved in AD progression, aiming to enhance our understanding of AD pathogenesis and identify new therapeutic strategies for addressing this challenging condition. ...

Reference:

The alteration and role of glycoconjugates in Alzheimer's disease

... 4 Furthermore, estrogen-induced hyperkeratosis of nipple/ areola in male patients further supports the hormonal etiology. 5,6 As the disorder persisted for t two years in our patient, the recent history of short-term combined oral contraceptive (3 mg drospirenone and 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol) treatment is unlikely to be responsible. As polycystic ovary syndrome is a relatively common disorder among the general population, it might occur co-incidentally, however the overlapping time of diagnosis in our patient may hint a possible etiologic association. ...

Reference:

Co-existence of hyperkeratosis of the nipple and supernumerary nipple in a young woman: Clinical and dermoscopic characteristics