Claire Bastick’s research while affiliated with Institut national de l’information géographique et forestière and other places

This publication is the result of a study carried out by INRA (now INRAE, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment) and IGN (National Institute for Geographic and Forestry Information), at the request of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food and the High Council for Food, Agriculture and Rural Areas. It was conducted by INRAE’s Directorate for Collective Scientific Expertise, Foresight and Advanced Studies (DEPE). As with all work conducted by DEPE, this study was carried out according to the principles and rules for conducting expert assessments and studies laid down by this institution (INRAE-DEPE, 2018). DEPE carries out three types of projects, mostly commissioned by public authorities or external partners. • Collective Scientific Assessments (ESCo) involve the compilation of existing scientific knowledge to highlight achievements, uncertainties and knowledge gaps, and to reveal the latest scientific debates. • When the available literature is unable to precisely answer the questions posed by the public authorities, a multidisciplinary study-type approach is used. These studies are similar to the ESCo, and indeed integrate the ESCo approach, but complement it with the creation of new data (collection, statistical analysis, calculation and simulation). • Prospective studies offer visions of the future (or scenarios) for discussion by exploring, as systematically as possible, hypothetical scenarios based on available scientific knowledge. The study presented here includes elements specific to each of these three approaches. It examines how carbon balances can be established for the forestry and wood sector - taken here in its broadest sense, i.e. the entire forestry sector system and the activities related to the management, harvesting and value-adding of wood-based products - and their associated uncertainties. Firstly, it adopts an expert assessment approach using a review of the international scientific literature to define and discuss the assumptions and parameters to be adopted for each component along production chains that are likely to sequester or release carbon dioxide (CO2). The detailed results of this first stage were the subject of a first report directed to the ministry responsible for agriculture (Dhôte et al., 2015). This study also considers alternative forest management strategies up to 2050 using a prospective approach, which develops scenarios and seeks to quantify their long-term consequences. Finally, the study quantifies the effects of the scenarios considered using existing simulation tools, which therefore exposes their limitations. The detailed results of the complete study are available in the full report and its numerous annexes (see Roux et al., 2017). This project was coordinated by the project leader Alice Roux (INRAE-DEPE), and assisted by Marc-Antoine Caillaud and Kim Girard (INRAE-DEPE) who provided logistical and administrative support. The scientific steering was initially entrusted to Jean-François Dhôte (INRAE), with Antoine Colin (IGN) and Bertrand Schmitt, then Director of the DEPE (INRAE), taking over as planned and ensuring the finalization of the study and the coordination of this publication. To carry out this work, a group of experts, comprising researchers and technical experts from a variety of institutional and scientific backgrounds, was formed to cover the various themes addressed in the study. This group was composed of: Alain Bailly (FCBA[1]); Claire Bastick (IGN); Jean-Charles Bastien (INRAE); Alain Berthelot (FCBA); Nathalie Bréda (INRAE); Sylvain Caurla (INRAE); Jean-Michel Carnus (INRAE); Antoine Colin (IGN); Barry Gardiner (INRAE); Hervé Jactel (INRAE); Jean-Michel Leban (INRAE); Antonello Lobianco (AgroParisTech); Denis Loustau (INRAE); Benoît Marçais (INRAE); Céline Meredieu (INRAE); Luc Pâques (INRAE); Éric Rigolot (INRAE); Laurent Saint-André (INRAE). A summary of the expertise and contributions of each of the experts can be found at the end of the book. The supervision of the study was entrusted to a steering committee which brought together a group of administrative, technical and professional experts around the relevant units of the ministry responsible for agriculture, which commissioned the study. This process ensured constructive exchanges of different perspectives within the French forestry & wood sector. In addition to representatives of the Ministry of Agriculture, participants included: Pierrick Daniel, Lise Wlérick, Frédéric Branger and Florian Claeys (DGEP); Pierre Claquin and Élise Delgoulet (CEP); Sylvie Alexandre (MTES-MCT); Bernard Roman-Amat, then Michel Vallance (CGAAER); Jean-Luc Peyron (GIP Ecofor); Isabelle Feix and Miriam Buitrago (Ademe); Pierre Brender, Joseph Lunet and Elisabeth Pagnac-Farbiaz (MTES-DGEC); Gérard Deroubaix and Estelle Vial (FCBA); Christine Deleuze (ONF); Olivier Picard (CNPF-IDF); Jacques Chevalier (CSTB); Yves Duclerc (MTES-DHUP); Julia Grimault (I4CE). A first draft of this book greatly benefited from the constructive criticism of Erwin Dreyer (INRAE), Jean-Marc Guehl (INRAE), Mériem Fournier (AgroParisTech) and Jean-Luc Peyron (GIP Ecofor), whose comments were invaluable. Jean-Marc Guehl was also directly involved in the drafting process, helping us to place the approach used within the context of global forest issues in the face of climate change. Although the following is the sole responsibility of the authors of this publication, the contributions of the members of the steering committee and the scientific reviewers were important, both in the development of the study strategy and in the interpretations of the results. We would like to thank them all for their contributions. 1FCBA, l’Institut technologique Forêt cellulose bois-construction ameublement (The Technological Institute for Forest Cellulose, Timber and Wood Furniture).

• Key message A dataset of forest resource projections in 23 European countries to 2040 has been prepared for forest-related policy analysis and decision-making. Due to applying harmonised definitions, while maintaining country-specific forestry practices, the projections should be usable from national to international levels. The dataset can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4t880qh. The associated metadata are available at https://metadata-afs.nancy.inra.fr/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/8f93e0d6-b524-43bd-bdb8-621ad5ae6fa9.

Correction to: Annals of Forest Science https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0863-6 The original article was erroneously published without applying all the provided proof corrections in Section 5 and Table 1. The original article has been updated to render Table 1 and Section 5 correctly. The original article has been corrected.

Dans cette communication, nous présentons les principaux résultats de l’étude INRA-IGN sur le rôle des forêts et de la filière forêt-bois françaises dans l’atténuation du changement climatique. Articulant adaptation, atténuation et anticipation des grandes crises sanitaires, ce travail défriche le terrain pour évoquer de manière intégrée le changement climatique. Le défi climatique transforme l’ensemble des enjeux de la gestion durable forestière, en Europe et tout spécialement en France. On doit désormais : 1) raisonner récolte, transformation et production dans la perspective d’optimiser l’usage des ressources forestières à l’échelle mondiale ; 2) utiliser davantage les forêts, les renouveler, planter de nouvelles forêts ; 3) utiliser les sols forestiers de manière plus ciblée et plus efficace ; 4) progresser vers un plus fort niveau d’intégration de la filière forêt-bois ; 5) créer de la résilience aux différents niveaux des procédures de gestion, pas seulement via la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes ; 6) surveiller, apprendre en continu et anticiper. Faire face à un tel défi suppose un changement de trajectoire constituant une profonde rupture avec la dynamique des 40 dernières années. Les grandes lignes autour desquelles peuvent s’organiser de nouveaux systèmes de gestion adaptés sont : (i) massification, gestion groupée et gestion multi-échelle ; (ii) diversification et planification ; (iii) intensification, remise en production ; (iv) supports financiers innovants pour investir et solidifier les modèles économiques

Le rapport (102 p.) et les annexes (234 p.) sont disponibles en ligne à l’adresse suivante : http://institut.inra.fr/Missions/Eclairer-les-decisions/Etudes/Toutes-les-actualites/Forets-filiere-foret-bois-francaises-et-attenuation-du-changement-climatique. Quel rôle pour les forêts et la filière forêt-bois françaises dans l’atténuation du changement climatique ? Une étude des freins et leviers forestiers à l’horizon 2050. Résumé de l’étude réalisée par l’INRA et l’IGN pour le compte du Ministère de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation, INRA Paris, juin 2017, 8p