Christopher Nguyen's research while affiliated with Heart & Vascular Outcomes Research Institute and other places

... However, exceptions to this rule exist, as both non-"9+2" motile cilia and "9+2" immotile cilia have been described, thus the "9+2" structure appears neither necessary nor sufficient for ciliary motility. Nodal cilia in the developing embryo, for example, have a "9+0" axonemal structure and are famous for their rotational movement that drives morphogen flow, which serves in L-R axis determination [61][62][63][64][65]. Meanwhile, the "9+2" kinocilia in auditory hair cells are non-motile and represent one of the heterogeneous cilia forms in the organ of Corti [66]. ...

... However, recently proposed frameworks for AI-based acquisition and quantification have rendered the rapid extraction of these parameters a viable option. A few such examples include the mapping of T 1 and T 2 relaxation times [54][55][56][57][58], semisolid magnetization transfer (MT) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) proton volume fraction and exchange rate [59][60][61][62][63], and susceptibility [64]. ...

... Another family of critical AS regulators comprises the RBFOX genes. Primarily described with roles in neuronal and striated muscle developmental programmes including cardiac muscle [23-31], members of this family, especially RBFOX2, are heavily associated with heart failure conditions [18,[32][33][34][35][36][37]. In the vasculature, a splicing regulatory role for RBFOX2 has been described in the endothelium [38] and in VSMCs, which express high levels of this protein, for only a few events including calcium channel genes (CACNA1C) [39]. ...

... Leveraging our previous work, in which we demonstrated the ability of a non-patient-specific aortic sleeve to recreate the hemodynamics of AS in a porcine model (30), we propose a soft roboticsenabled 3D-printed anatomical hydrodynamic system that is capable of recreating the hemodynamics of AS and congenital defects in a patient-specific fashion. In addition, using an analogous design workflow, we developed a patient-specific soft robotic LV sleeve that allows us to mimic changes in cardiac function observed in these patients, simulating longitudinal disease progression. ...

... In fact, it produces and consumes approximatively 6 kg of ATP every day and has high oxygen demand to maintain its work. It possesses an efficient and complex machinery capable of producing ATP starting from various substrates, such as fatty acid (FA), carbohydrate, ketone bodies (KB), and, less frequenly, pyruvate, lactate, and aminoacids (17). FA is the most important fuel source for the heart (18), producing energy by FA β-oxidation (FAO) (19). ...

... Limited data suggest that functional lumen imaging of the pylorus may help identify those gastroparesis patients who will benefit from pylorus-directed interventions such as gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (G-POEM) or intra-pyloric botulinum toxic injection [109]. Brain functional MRI (fMRI) imaging has also been recently used to link altered brain activity and connectivity with examinations of gastric physiologic functions [110]. Each of these methods may allow enhanced understanding of gastric motility and its contribution to the pathogenesis and treatment of disorders such as functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis. ...

... Unfavorable cardiovascular risk is found in the young because of lifestyle changes like less physical activity, sedentary lifestyle, stress and intake of commercial food. As a result, there is low cardiovascular fitness and a high percentage of body fat in them [5]. With the advancement in technology, the prevalence of obesity has increased drastically among children and teenagers worldwide. ...

... By combining immunofluorescent analysis, nuclear isolation followed by LOX activity assays, Kagan and colleagues demonstrated the presence of active LOX within the nuclei of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and the presence of mature LOX at the intranuclear and peri-nuclear compartment of fibroblasts [41]. In another study, transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) was shown to directly increase nuclear LOX protein expression in interstitial fibroblasts isolated from O 2 -injured (85% O 2 ) mouse pup lung [42]. Additional studies demonstrating nuclear activity of LOX focused on its' tumor-suppressor properties in the ras-transformed cells, RS485 (NIH 3T3 transformed by c-H-ras), cells which normally express low LOX levels [43][44][45][46]. ...

... These particles transport calcium and phosphate to bones and prevent vascular calcification by inhibiting growth and aggregation of hydroxyapatite (Jahnen-Dechent et al., 2011). MGP deficiency upregulates the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), which promotes transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) into osteochondrogenic cells (Malhotra et al., 2022). These transdifferentiated VSMCs secrete calcium ions and phosphate ions, accelerating vascular calcification (Speer et al., 2009;Neven et al., 2011). ...

... Despite a normal LVEF, this patient has a low cardiac output, and his prognosis is related to several consequences, such as renal impairment and respiratory infections. In fact, the term preserved ejection fraction seems reassuring, but it hides energetic, structural and functional heart abnormalities [23,24]. Of note, LVEF-based classification it is not closely related to HF prognosis, and often, HFpEF patients show worse outcomes than HFrEF's group, with increased mortality and hospitalisation [10]. ...