Chris T. Bauch's research while affiliated with University of Waterloo and other places

... As a result, research communities devote a great deal of attention to the study of news bias [5,6,7]. However, the first step in conducting such a study is to identify it [8,9]. Although the task may appear trivial, it is in fact challenging as bias can manifest itself at different levels in complex ways [10]. ...

... We will exclude non-English studies as previous studies have shown that it had a minimal effect on the overall conclusions [12,13]. Correspondences, commentaries, editorials, and case reports will be excluded. ...

... Our model uses simplifying assumptions and is just a first step toward a more sophisticated eco-evolutionary model [29,30]. Still, we strongly believe that our results provide valuable insights in designing control mechanisms. ...

... During the COVID-19 pandemic and Monkeypox outbreak, Reddit 2 has been used as one of the vital sources of public discourse analysis [16][17] [18]. The proposed study uses Reddit comments to respond and add knowledge to our understanding of the global measles outbreak. ...

... Ye et al. [42] proposed a heterogeneous epidemic-behavior-information transmission model, focusing on the impact of risk perception and behavioral changes on epidemic transmission. Yin et al. [43] constructed an information-behavior-epidemic three-layer network model that discussed the influence of negative vaccine-related information, vaccination behavior on epidemic transmission, and their results showed that this three-layer network structure could better describe the heterogeneity of real networks, and that factors related to vaccination behavior greatly influenced the epidemic transmission. ...

... Other theories or perspectives to understand misinformation include systematic review and bibliometric [2,[31][32][33][34][35]. ...

... Yang et al. [20] propose a flow-based edge betweenness measure to minimize the p-norm of the flow between communities in the network. They show that the bridge-based methods are superior to degree-based intervention methods. ...

... The VLPs mimic virus morphology but lack infectious genomic material [23], and their small size and the repetitive epitope patterns on their surfaces trigger a strong immune response [24]. These qualities make VLPs strong candidates for vaccine development, and it has been shown that a plant-based quadrivalent VLP influenza vaccine provides better protection than egg-based vaccines in humans [25]. A wide range of plant-based VLPs (including hepatitis B virus, influenza virus, human-and bovine-papillomavirus, bluetongue virus, norovirus, and cowpea mosaic virus) have been shown to elicit protective immune responses in animal models, and have been evaluated as vaccine candidates or for novel delivery systems [26]. ...

... For this, we took a random sample of 300 time series of length 2000 time steps taken backwards from a distance of 10 timesteps before the CT from the considered simulated systems and labelled them with a '1' as undergoing a CT. These time series were analysed with a rolling window of size 100 in respect to the EWS-indicators autocorrelation-at-lag-1 (AC-1), standard deviation (STD), and the peak in the power spectrum (Smax) (see for the same procedure (Bury et al., 2021)) and in respect to the LSTM-certainty (that is, its indication for the probability of seeing the highest α-category). To assess the indication of an imminent CT, the Kendall τ value, which serves as a measure of increasing or decreasing trend (Chen et al., 2020), was computed over the resulting indicator curves. ...

... For a quantitative sense of how β responds to mobility, we evaluated each trained network at the baseline value of mobility to determine the value of β, and hence R 0 (= β/γ), the basic reproduction number of the virus at the baseline value of mobility. We also applied Newton's method to the trained neural network to find the value of mobility (M crit ) at which R 0 drops below 1, the value below which the infection will die out [56]. Results for the biased model can be found in table Section 2.4 Table 2. ...