Charles Hepworth Holland's research while affiliated with Trinity College Dublin and other places
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Publications (13)
Coiled nautiloid cephalopods from the British Silurian are described and their taxonomy revised. The Order Oncocerida is represented by a single specimen of Oxygonioceras oxynotum. Twelve species from the Order Tarphycerida (within which is here subsumed the Order Barrandeocerida) are described: one of Trocholites, two of Ophioceras, two of Catyrep...
Well-preserved shells of Ashgill (Katian-Hirnantian) and Llandovery nautiloids from Anticosti Island include the type species of 10 genera. From a diversity high of some 40 described nektic and nektobenthic species during the deeper water, distal shelf facies of the Vaureal Formation (late Katian, Richmondian), the succeeding Hirnantian shows a dec...
Joachim Barrande, J. F. Blake, August F. Foerste and Rousseau H. Flower were outstanding palaeontologists who worked on Silurian cephalopods. They make a remarkable quartet, their work spanning the 19th and 20th centuries.
Three British Silurian species of the cephalopod order Orthocerida are described, two of Cyrtocycloceras and one of Gaspocyrtoceras. Five species described from the order Oncocerida include two of Amphicyrtoceras and one each of Cyrtorizoceras, Oonoceras and Bassettoceras, the last genus being new, as are the species Cyrtorizoceras yochelsoni and A...
Sheltered preservation’ of the remains of trilobites within the shells of nautiloid cephalopods is not especially uncommon. In most cases, of course, both the trilobites and the nautiloids were dead, and the association, merely due to post-mortem happenstance. However, on the basis of state of preservation and occurrence, a number of live individua...
Species of Phragmoceras in the Silurian of Gotland and Britain are reviewed and revised. One new species P. exaggeratus is described from the Ludlow Series of the Welsh Borderland. There are comments on the broader distribution of the genus and on its mode of life.
Creseis primaeva Forbes, 1845 from the Silurian of Wales is assigned to the nautiloid genus Kionoceras. Its morphology is described. A remarkable specimen from Wenlock slate shows deep oblique penetration of original bedding, apex downwards.
Theclassification of the Class Cephalopoda and the systematic position of the Order Bactritida within it are reviewed. The Middle Ordovician genus Eobactrites was probably the first representative of the Bactritida. There is a definite record in the Silurian of the Czech Republic and a possible oc- currence in Northern England. The mode of life of...
The Lower Hill Farm Borehole (1973) in the typeWenlock area of the Welsh Borderland provided continuous core of the ‘Wenlock Shales’ from the Llandovery-Wenlock boundary to within some 30 m of the Much Wenlock Limestone Formation. Cephalopods, though more or less fragmentary, proved to be the most numerous macrofossils. They are assigned here to 10...
The nautiloid cephalopod fauna of the Silurian rocks of the Pentland Hills, Scotland is described. Though fragmentary, the available material permits assignment to 14 genera, for 10 of which specific names are given. Nearly all of the material is from the Wether Law Linn Formation and mostly from its lower part. Implications as to stratigraphical a...
The very rare occurrences of cephalopods in the Přídolí Series of the English and Welsh Silurian are recorded and their taxonomy revised. Apart from one derived form, they constitute a typical relict Ludlow fauna, including Cyrtocycloceras ibex, Leurocycloceras whitcliffense, and Polygrammoceras bullatum. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A brief review of the unusual morphology and ontogeny of the ascoceratid shell is followed by revised description of the meagre British Silurian material assigned already to Ascoceras barrandei Salter and A. vermiforme Blake.
Citations
... For a long time, the presence of a coiled shell that has a tendency to uncoil led to the assumption that the group is related to (or is a part of) the order Tarphyceratida (Flower 1955;Sweet 1958;Furnish & Glenister in Moore, 1964;Flower 1976;Starobogatov 1983;Shevyrev 2006) or, alternatively, the Barrandeoceratida (Flower in Flower & Kummel 1950;Flower 1954;Balashov in Ruzhentsev, 1962suborder Barrandeoceratina of the order Tarphyceratida). Consequently, many species attributed to the genus Lituites during the 19th century were later re-assigned to various tarphycerid genera, such as Curtoceras Ulrich et al., 1942, Discoceras Barrande 1867, Estonioceras Noetling, 1883, Trocholites Conrad, 1838 or even the Silurian Cyrtocycloceras Foerste, 1936 (see also Holland 2000Holland , 2007 and Ophioceras Barrande, 1865(Barrande 1867Lindström 1890;Flower in Flower & Kummel 1950;Stridsberg & Turek 1997). ...
... Foerste 1930, Miller 1932, Flower 1941, 1963 and Europe (e.g. Barrande 1865, 1867, 1877a, b, Lindström 1890, Dzik 1984, Holland 1999). The group comprises morphologically peculiar cephalopods, in which repeated shell truncation and morphological transitions occurred during ontogeny (see Furnish andGlenister 1964, Turek and for discussion and references; Text- fig. ...
... 1a) is relatively small (ca 35 degrees), whilst that seen in Phragmoceras [e.g. P. undulatum Hedström (see Holland & Stridsberg 2004, fig. 3f)] is high (ca 75 degrees), and lies at intermediate angles in Protophragmoceras (e.g. ...
... Although direct evidence for the mode of life of lechritrochoceratid hatchlings is missing, we suggest that a demersal habit L shell length, D shell diameter, L/D ratio of embryonic shell length to maximal diameter appears more likely. With the exception of P. asperum, which is also known from Wales (Holland 2010), all others species of Peismoceras known from the Prague Basin are endemic, which supports a demersal habit (co-occurring pelagic and nektic cephalopods exhibit a wide biogeographic distribution). The body chamber of juvenile P. asperum occupies about 110°-115°of the whorl and possesses nine ribs. ...
... For a long time, the presence of a coiled shell that has a tendency to uncoil led to the assumption that the group is related to (or is a part of) the order Tarphyceratida (Flower 1955;Sweet 1958;Furnish & Glenister in Moore, 1964;Flower 1976;Starobogatov 1983;Shevyrev 2006) or, alternatively, the Barrandeoceratida (Flower in Flower & Kummel 1950;Flower 1954;Balashov in Ruzhentsev, 1962suborder Barrandeoceratina of the order Tarphyceratida). Consequently, many species attributed to the genus Lituites during the 19th century were later re-assigned to various tarphycerid genera, such as Curtoceras Ulrich et al., 1942, Discoceras Barrande 1867, Estonioceras Noetling, 1883, Trocholites Conrad, 1838 or even the Silurian Cyrtocycloceras Foerste, 1936 (see also Holland 2000Holland , 2007 and Ophioceras Barrande, 1865(Barrande 1867Lindström 1890;Flower in Flower & Kummel 1950;Stridsberg & Turek 1997). ...
... This data has been integrated with lithostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic frameworks. Existing stable isotope data (Schmidt et al., 2002;Loydell, 2011a;Hughes et al., 2014), biostratigraphic frameworks (Bassett et al., 1975;Mabillard and Aldridge, 1985;Bassett, 1989;Swire, 1990Swire, , 1991Swire, , 1993Cocks et al., 1992;Aldridge et al., 1993;Holland, 2002;Mullins and Aldridge, 2004;Loydell, 2011aLoydell, , 2011b, bentonite correlations (Ray, 2007), sequence stratigraphy (Ray and Butcher, 2010) and palaeoenvironmental interpretations (Bassett et al., 1992;Cherns et al., 2006) are reviewed in light of these new data. Such interpretations allow for comparison with records from the adjacent Welsh Basin and other palaeocontinents. ...
... Early ontogenetic development played a central role in the discussion of the derivation of ammonoids from coiled nautiloids (e.g., Spath 1933Spath , 1936Böhmers 1936;Donovan 1964) or straight bactritoids (e.g., Schindewolf 1932Schindewolf , 1933Schindewolf , 1934. Mainly due to the work of Erben (1960Erben ( , 1962aErben ( , b, 1964Erben ( , 1965Erben ( , 1966 and Bogoslovsky (1969), it is now well accepted that ammonoids can be traced back to a bactritoid ancestor (Dzik 1981(Dzik , 1984Klofak et al. 1999;Doguzhaeva 2002;Klug and Korn 2004;De Baets et al. 2009;Kröger et al. 2011;Ritterbush et al. 2014), which in turn can be traced back to an orthoceratid ancestor (Kröger and Mapes 2007;compare Ristedt 1971, Dzik 1984, Holland 2003Klug et al. 2015). This is supported by the presence of a similar early shell with a small, elliptical initial chamber and a transitional series linking all intermediate forms from straight orthocerid nautiloids, through straight to slightly curved bactritoids, to coiled ammonoids, which is also consistent with their stratigraphic appearance (Kröger and Mapes 2007;De Baets et al. 2013b). ...
Reference: Ammonoid Embryonic Development
... Finally, the correlation between size reduction and mass extinctions suggests there may be a direct link between biodiversity and selective pressures on size. There is evidence from a few clades for size decrease at other extinction events, including the end-Ordovician (Holland and Copper 2008;Huang et al. 2010;Borths and Ausich 2011;Baarli 2014), Frasnian/Famennian (Renaud and Girard 1999;Balinski 2002), end-Triassic (Végh-Neubrandt 1982, Pliensbachian/Toarcian (Morten and Twitchett 2009), and end-Cretaceous (Arnold et al. 1995;Smith and Jeffery 1998;Lockwood 2005). There is also some evidence that maximum body size tracks diversity history more generally in bivalves, cetaceans, and crinoids (Trammer 2005). ...
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... An inquiline life mode for euarthropods is variably observed across the Phanerozoic. During the Paleozoic, Cambrian-aged agnostids are documented within hyolith conchs (Chatterton et al., 2003;Fatka et al., 2009) and Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian trilobites are preserved within nautiloids (Davis et al., 2001;Landman et al., 2014). The Mesozoic saw a diverse range of crustaceans primarily within ammonoids and nautiloids (Klompmaker and Fraaije, 2012;Landman et al., 2014;Fraaije et al., 2020), as well as rarer examples of echinoids hosting decapods (Gašparič et al., 2015). ...
![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/11431281105299918-1670364664139_Q64/R-Fraaije.jpg)
