Caroline Theoharides’s research while affiliated with Amherst College and other places

... While the general sentiment of the literature on child labor is that substantial progress has been achieved in recent decades ("[a]n important lesson from all the literature reviewed herein is that child labor can change dramatically and quickly in countries as a result of changes in the economic and policy environment. "; [18], pp. 27-28), our results call that sentiment into question. ...

Reference:

Measuring Child Labor: The Who’s, the Where’s, the When’s, and the Why’s

... Positive economic outcomes from remittances are well recognized. A recent econometric analysis shows that in the long run, migrant income will provide long-term benefits to the origin communities of overseas migrants: substantially increasing income, raising educational standards for migrants and their children, and leading to growth in high-skilled overseas migration (Khanna et al. 2022). Our study argues that FFS, taken together with the financial capabilities of the providers and the managers of income from remittances, galvanizes and informs the remittance-emotion nexus for migrant households. ...

Reference:

Emotional Earmarking: Insights into Remittances and Emotions from a Mixed Methods Study of Migrant Households in Rural Philippines

... This is important, since a possible concern for our identification strategy is that the UBBJs were installed according to the evolution of migration in preceding periods. Previous literature shows that tertiary educational institutions can respond to migratory opportunities (Abarcar and Theoharides 2024). ...

Reference:

Can local universities inhibit international migration?

... Empirical studies have shown that the emigration of doctors is associated with high HIV death rates, child mortality and too few medical workers to meet basic healthcare needs at the local level, pointing to a medical brain drain (see Astor et al., 2005;Bhargava & Docquier, 2008;Chauvet et al., 2013). Yet, the literature also suggests instances where emigration prospects for medical workers provide incentives for investment in education that are sufficiently high to bring about a net welfare gain for the country of origin (e.g., Abarcar & Theoharides, 2020;Kangasniemi et al., 2007). ...

Reference:

Aid for health, economic growth, and the emigration of medical workers

... While some livelihood programs reduce child labour (Beuermann 2015;de Hoop et al. 2018), others may not or even increase it (de Hoop, Groppo, and Handa 2020;Edmonds and Theoharides 2020). Programs that rely on a single component, such as livelihood support, tend to have more modest outcomes compared to combined approaches that also include financial support or social education (Berry, Karlan, and Pradhan 2018). ...

Reference:

More is more. Combined livelihood-education interventions and their effect on child labour in the agricultural sector

... In line with theoretical models, several empirical studies have found that access to credit reduces child labour (Beegle et al, 2003;Dehejia and Gatti, 2002;Guarcello et al, 2010). However, some studies have found the opposite, particularly when households gain access to microcredit (Hazarika and Sarangi, 2008;Maldonado and González-Vega, 2008;Edmonds and Theoharides, 2020;Hossain, 2023). This may relate to the somewhat counterintuitive fact that opportunities to employ children may not exist at very low levels of household income or wealth (since most children are employed within the family). ...

Reference:

Child labour

... representing human capital accumulation, is a key factor contributing to the gap in returns, especially for jobs with fixed contracts. Beam et al. (2020) studied the returns to education, experience, and training for young workers. They found that having experience and a degree is essential for securing a job. ...

Reference:

Factors Affecting the Return to Education in Jordan

... Beyond legal frameworks, informal labor market practices in host countries can create additional, less visible obstacles to integration (Dancygier and Laitin, 2014). Hence, migration policy changes do not always have the desired outcomes (Theoharides, 2020). However, to the best of our knowledge, there exist no measures of countries' de facto openness to immigration, and our major contribution is providing such measures. ...

Reference:

De facto Openness to Immigration

... In destination countries, geopolitical risk can lead to economic downturns, decreasing pull factors, such as the returns to migration (Mayda 2010;Ortega and Peri 2013). It is well-established that economic shocks at the destination strongly influence migration decisions (Gröger 2021;McKenzie et al. 2014), leading to an expected decrease in immigration. Again, the pull side of the economic channel can have second-order effects. ...

Reference:

Geopolitical Tensions and Migration