Carol E. Kaufman's research while affiliated with University of Colorado and other places

... A goal of this project was to find new, and technologically resonant, approaches to engage this population in an AEP prevention mobile app tested in a virtual randomized controlled trial (RCT)-i.e., an RCT conducted fully remotely through the use of technology for recruitment, intervention delivery, and data collection. While virtual RCTs are not new (Bull et al., 2008;Christensen et al., 2006;Schwinn et al., 2015), they are rare in Native populations (Craig Rushing et al., 2021;Kaufman et al., 2023). ...

... Second, our project is focused on prevention and early intervention, thus we excluded individuals who were in need of treatment for an opioid use disorder, therefore purposively screening out those with higher use. Third, our sample was mostly female; however, prevention research with this age group and population typically has higher participation from females (Reed et al., 2022). Of note, 48% of the sample identified as SGM; other recent work with urban AI/AN emerging adults has also found that many endorse SGM identity (Reed et al., 2022). ...

... While some urban Native community centers and organizations may have guidelines or requirements for research, little research review infrastructure or requirements exist at the community level in urban settings. Following best practices in conducting research with urban Native populations (James et al., 2018;Yuan et al., 2014), NWC created a twelve-person urban community advisory board (UCAB) including Native scholars, Native young women, and representatives from Urban Indian Health Organizations (UIHOs) and Native-youth serving organizations to inform the design, implementation, and evaluation of our study (Tuitt et al., 2022). We also convened a Data Safety and Monitoring Board (DSMB) to review the NWC RCT protocol, data collection and analyses, and interpretation of results. ...

... Given that American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) individuals have higher rates of suicide than other racial/ethnic groups (Leavitt et al., 2018) and the trend of increasing rates of suicide among AI/AN veterans who use VA health care (Mohatt, Hoffmire, et al., 2022), Mohatt, Begay, et al. (2023) conducted a scoping review of programs to identify strong practices for preventing suicide among AI/AN veterans. With the goal of creating suicide prevention programs to meet the needs of AI/AN veterans, the authors followed scoping review guidelines established by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). ...

... 6 Similar disparities have been documented specifically for AI/AN military veterans and veterans of other races. [7][8][9][10][11] However, it is unclear if the increased risks observed in AI/AN civilians and military veterans are also observed for AI/AN active duty military service members. ...

... In an analysis adjusting for insurance status, American Indian/Alaska Native veterans were more likely to delay care due to transportation problems and failure to get through to practitioners' offices on the telephone or obtain a timely appointment. 6 Other barriers include difficulties navigating and coordinating care across multiple health care systems (eg, Indian Health Service, Veterans Affairs [VA] medical centers) 7 and a lack of culturally safe care. 8 In addition, American Indian/ Alaska Native veterans are nearly 4 times more likely than non-American Indian/Alaska Native veterans to live in areas categorized as highly rural, 9 adding unique challenges to obtaining health care. ...

... This study examined the incremental 5-year health care utilization costs of ADRD for Medicaid and state program eligible AI/ANs ages 40 and older. We hypothesized that AI/ANs with ADRD would incur significant incremental costs, even after matching cases for co-existing medical diagnoses common in the AI/AN population [17,18]. We also hypothesized that by using a more comprehensive definition of ADRD, to highlight the likely underdiagnoses of this disease in the AI/AN population [13], an even greater incremental cost would be observed among AI/AN adults with versus without ADRD. ...

... Research among South African adolescents has indicated that young people themselves are increasingly making the link between pregnancy and HIV. Rutenberg et al. [35] highlighted that among some adolescents the danger of HIV infection has become part of the risk-benefit equation when thinking about pregnancy. It is, therefore, clear that the opportunity exists for the integration of services and that there is already demonstrated acceptability of such integration among adolescent women. ...

... ABC County is a very populous, 36 urban, and diverse county in California with a large and growing population of Multiracial people. One 37 day while reviewing literature, you come across a few papers and reports that document stark 38 disparities in both childhood adversity and anxiety between monoracial and Multiracial people (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) 39 . You know from your work in violence prevention that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are 40 strongly associated with anxiety but were unaware of the striking Multiracial-monoracial disparities. ...

... [8][9][10] Given elevated rates of suicide and exposure to risk factors among both veterans and AI/AN populations, AI/AN veterans may be an important group for selective suicide prevention strategies. AI/AN veterans have a higher prevalence of mental health disorders compared with White veterans 11,12 and among all veterans, the prevalence of suicidal ideation is highest for those reporting a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or posttraumatic stress disorder. 13 The 2020 National Veteran Suicide Prevention Annual Report provides a first look at suicide in this population, documenting growing AI/AN veteran suicide rates from 2005 to 2018. 1 However, this report does not provide detailed analyses important for understanding risk within this population. ...