Caitlin Johnson’s research while affiliated with California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute and other places

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Publications (59)


Associated Trends in Obesity and Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer in the United States
  • Article

January 2025

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17 Reads

Obstetrics and Gynecology

Alex A Francoeur

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Cheng-I Liao

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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation in temporal trends in obesity and endometrioid endometrial cancer incidence in the United States using two comprehensive national databases. METHODS This is a cohort study in which data on endometrioid endometrial cancer were obtained from the U.S. Cancer Statistics from 2001 to 2018 and corrected for hysterectomy and pregnancy. Data on obesity were collected from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) database from 1988 to 2018. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were used to describe trends. Pearson correlation coefficients ( r ) were calculated to examine the relationship between trends. SEER*Stat 8.3.9.2 and joinpoint regression program 5.2.0 were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS From U.S. Cancer Statistics data, 586,742 cases of endometrioid cancer were identified from 2001 to 2018. The average annual increase in endometrioid cancer was as follows: Hispanic 1.37% (95% CI, 1.14–1.60, P <.001), Black 1.30% (95% CI, 1.04–1.57, P <.001), and White −0.17 (95% CI, −0.91 to 0.58, P =.656). Women aged 20–29 years had a 4.48% annual increase (95% CI, 3.72–5.25, P <.001) and women aged 30–39 years had a 3.00% annual increase in rates (95% CI, 2.65–3.36, P <.001). According to the NHANES data, the prevalence of obesity in 2018 in adult women was as follows: Black 56.80%, Hispanic 44.10%, and White 40.90%. An examination of trends by age showed that women aged 20–29 years had the highest annual rise in obesity compared with other age groups (AAPC 7.36%, 95% CI, 4.0–10.8, P <.05). Strong and statistically significant correlations between endometrioid cancer and obesity trends were noted for Black ( r =0.78, P =.01) and Hispanic ( r =0.91, P <.001) women, as well as women aged 20–29 years ( r =0.72, P =.03) and 30–39 years ( r =0.88, P =.001). CONCLUSION The current data demonstrate a temporal association between the increasing incidence of obesity and endometrioid endometrial cancer, and this effect disproportionately affects younger women and Black and Hispanic women.











Citations (7)


... One study at Hospital Melaka in Malaysia reported that 44.8% of cases diagnosed were premenopausal women and as much as 16% of EC cases were diagnosed in women <40 years old [2]. In the United States, the incidence of EC in black women aged 35-49 years has increased by 2.8% per year from 2001 to 2019 [11]. ...

Reference:

Endometrial Cancer in Reproductive-Aged Females: Etiology and Pathogenesis
Increase in uterine cancer incidence among Black patients in the United States: A United States Cancer Statistics Study of nearly 95,000 patients from 2001 to 2019
  • Citing Article
  • November 2024

Gynecologic Oncology

... Considering that we included several Japanese cohorts in our review, we can argue that the increased prevalence of p53 mutations found in G3 endometrial carcinoma corroborates this fact. Data on regional differences in endometrial cancer are evolving, and there is a need to adjust studies to the molecular classification of endometrial carcinomas [79]. ...

Uterine cancer among Asian Americans - Disparities & clinical characteristics
  • Citing Article
  • January 2024

Gynecologic Oncology

... Genetic conditions like Lynch syndrome also increase the risk. Obesity, e.g., increases estrogen levels which could support tumor growth [10]. Recent data indicated that uterine cancer incidence rates increased by 12% from 1999 to 2015, with substantially increased occurrences in American Indian, Black, Asian, and Hispanic women compared to White women. ...

Trends in Uterine Cancer Mortality in the United States: A 50-Year Population-Based Analysis
  • Citing Article
  • Full-text available
  • September 2023

Obstetrics and Gynecology

... In 2019, Utah had the highest incidence of distant melanoma among white women, with an incidence rate of 3.45 cases per 100,000. 24 This high incidence aligns with broader trends in the United States, where melanoma incidence has been rising, particularly among older adults. 25 The high prevalence in Hawaii and Utah may be related to lifestyle factors that increase Ultraviolet (UV) exposure, such as outdoor activities and tanning habits. ...

Distant stage melanoma incidence among US adult women.
  • Citing Article
  • June 2023

Journal of Clinical Oncology

... Cervical and ovarian cancers, in particular, are notable causes of death worldwide [1][2][3]. While most endometrial cancers are diagnosed at early stages, mortality rates have been increasing since 1997 [4]. Treatment for gynecologic malignancies remains a scientific priority, and the development of effective novel treatments in the persistent, advanced, and recurrent settings is needed [5]. ...

EP169/#289 Trends in uterine cancer mortality in United States: a 50-year population-based analysis
  • Citing Conference Paper
  • December 2022

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer

... Several studies have identified these disparities in accessing cervical cancer screening. For instance, a study conducted in the USA (Chan et al., 2022) revealed that 13.6% (n total= 324) of transgender men had never undergone cervical cancer screening, compared to 5.7% (n total= 201061) of cisgender women (p < 0.01). This difference was more pronounced among younger participants, with only 50% of transgender men aged 18-29 reporting having had screening, compared to 70% of cisgender women (p = 0.011). ...

O023/#1012 Cancer screening in transgender men in the united states: is there a disparity? – A us brfss study
  • Citing Conference Paper
  • December 2022

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer

... Several studies have linked unfavorable SDOH, particularly lower education and income, to higher cancer death rates (3,6,7) and positive SDOH, such as access to cancer care (8), private health insurance (9), and access to healthy diets (10), to better cancer outcomes. Like cancer death rates, SDOH and downstream risk factors (eg, smoking, physical activity, and diet) vary by geography. ...

Reference:

PEER REVIEWED
The Role of Diet Compared to Physical Activity on Women's Cancer Mortality: Results From the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey