Brooklyn Herbert’s research while affiliated with Indiana University School of Medicine - Lafayette and other places

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Publications (7)


Treatment side affects exercising microvascular oxygenation response in active breast cancer survivors: A pilot study
  • Article

November 2022

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9 Reads

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2 Citations

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

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Brooklyn Herbert

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Riggs J. Klika

Cancer treatment is associated with cardiovascular toxicity, skeletal muscle dysfunction, and interruptions in mitochondrial respiration. Microvascular oxygenation responses, measured via near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), at peak exercise intensity has previously been associated with aerobic capacity. Specifically, the greater magnitude of microvascular deoxygenation observed at peak exercise intensity has been associated with higher aerobic capacity. Therefore, a pilot study investigated if diagnosis side (uninvolved side, treatment side) and/or exercise side (paddle side, non‐paddle side) effected microvascular oxygenation responses at peak intensity during paddle exercise. 33 breast cancer survivors (age = 57 ± 9 years, height = 1.64 ± 0.05 m, weight = 76.5 ± 15.6 kg, 7 ± 7 years since treatment) who also competed as dragon boat racers performed a unilateral (paddle), discontinuous graded exercise test (2‐minute exercise, 1‐minute rest) on a rowing ergometer to volitional fatigue. Tissue oxygenation saturation (StO2DIFF) and total hemoglobin concentration (total[heme]DIFF) responses at peak exercise intensity were measured bilaterally from the posterior deltoids using NIRS. Two‐way ANOVA determined if diagnosis side and/or exercise side effected StO2DIFF or total[heme]DIFF. Diagnosis side elicited a moderate effect (effect size = 0.66) on StO2DIFF, as the treatment side deoxygenated less (‐6.0 ± 14.7 ∆BSL) compared to the uninvolved side (‐16.9 ± 16.9 ∆BSL) at peak exercise intensity. No other significant main effects or interactions were observed for StO2DIFF or total[heme]DIFF. The pilot findings suggest that the ability of the exercising muscle to use oxygen for the purpose of mitochondrial oxidative respiration may be impaired on the treatment side. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.




Figure 1. Pearson Product Moment Correlation between DXA and Three-site Skinfold Measures, r=0.81
Descriptive Characteristics of Female Breast Cancer Patients (N=40)
Anthropometry of Active Breast Cancer Survivors (N=40)
Body Composition of Active Breast Cancer Survivors (N =40)
SPORTS AND EXERCISE MEDICINE Comparison of Anthropometric Equations and Dual X-ray Absorptiometry to Determine Body Composition in Active Breast Cancer Survivors Article information Original Research
  • Article
  • Full-text available

December 2021

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41 Reads

Sports and Exercise Medicine - Open Journal

Objective The purpose of this study was to 1) compare the body composition values of an active group of breast cancer survivors (BCS) determined by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and anthropometry, and 2) compare the bone mineral density of the upper thoracic region to assess the effect of tumor burden on bone health. Design and Methods Forty (n=40) breast cancer survivors from a local competitive Dragon Boat Team were measured as part of team assessments. ANOVA with Dunn’s post-hoc testing was used to compare results of DXA, body density, and body composition estimated from anthropometry. Bland-Altman testing and correlational analysis were calculated. Results Percentage of fat measure by DXA was significantly higher than values used to estimate body fat from skinfold measures or from body density equations (DXA 41.1±6.0% vs. 3-site skinfolds 28.8±4.9%, 4-site skinfolds, 22.1±4.1%, skinfold and body density, 31.8±9.4%, respectively, p<0.05). Post-hoc testing revealed that all values were significantly different and the strongest correlation with DXA was skinfolds at three sites was r=0.81. Regional (upper thoracic) bone mineral density was not significantly different based on tumor side diagnosis (breast cancer diagnosis side versus healthy, 0.971±0.198 vs. 0.988±0.190 gm*cc-1). Anthropometry and bilateral bone mineral density characteristics are presented to serve as a comparative sample of BCS for future studies. Conclusion As body composition is an important factor in long-term cancer survivorship, we found the use of skinfold measures inadequate to accurately determine percentage of fat in this group of active female BCS. As a result, recommendations aimed at achieving an ideal body composition based solely on anthropometry would have grossly underestimated fat mass, which may lead to overall clinically poorer outcomes.

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Impact of an at home exercise program in the pediatric, adolescent, and young adult cancer population newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

December 2020

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28 Reads

Proceedings of IMPRS

Background: Over 30,000 cases of leukemia are diagnosed each year in the United States. For individuals ages 0-39, the one-year relative survival rate is 84.5%, and the 5-year survival is 94%. Improved survival rates come with long-term health challenges due to treatment, including cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, fatigue, low quality of life (QOL), and reduced physical activity (PA). Current literature shows structured exercise in adult survivors can be beneficial for improving the long-term health effects resulting from treatment. Exercise induces the release of many growth factors into the bloodstream that aid in repair of the body following insult. Three factors specific to nerve damage is brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). The benefits of exercise seen in adult survivors may translate to young survivors. We hypothesized that an 8-week at home exercise program in newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients (ages 5-25) would improve outcomes compared to baseline or a control group. The preliminary findings presented are based on the initial ten subjects and include physical, biomarker and self-reported outcomes. Experimental Methods: Newly diagnosed ALL patients were assigned to an 8-week at home exercise intervention during the consolidation phase of treatment. Fitbit activity tracker data and questionnaires were used for assessing adherence and feasibility. Blood samples were taken at baseline and at week eight. Results: Subjects were not able to complete over 75% of the exercise intervention; however, they did increase their overall physical activity and their neuropathy scores decreased compared to baseline. BDNF significantly increased in the control group, but not in the exercise group. Conclusion: The results indicate that an exercise program in this population during the consolidation phase may not be feasible. It also supports the association between neuropathy, physical activity, and BDNF levels after long term exercise.



EXAMINING AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES AND MOTIVATION TYPES IN BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS PARTICIPATING IN DRAGON BOAT RACING

November 2019

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2 Reads

According to the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), motivation lies on a continuum from being intrinsically motivated, extrinsically motivated, to amotivated (Deci & Ryan, 1985; 2000). Yet, few studies have used the SDT to examine motivation types in breast cancer survivors (BCS) who participate in physical activity or athletics. PURPOSE: To investigate age-related differences in motivation sources using the SDT in BCS who participate in competitive Dragon Boat racing. METHODS: Overall, 18 female BCS with an age range of 41 to 73 (M = 57.5, SD = 8.95) from the Indianapolis-based Indy SurviveOars competitive rowing team voluntarily completed a demographic questionnaire and the 18-item Sport Motivation Scale II (Pelletier et. al, 2013) used to measure six motivation types: intrinsic (IR), integrated (INTR), identified (IDR), introjected (INT), external (EXT), and amotivation (AMR) regulation. The sample was divided into two age groups (≤ 57 years of age, n = 8; ≥ 58 years of age, n = 10). An independent samples t-test was used to analyze the differences in BCS’ motivation types between these two age groups during the pre-season. An alpha level of p ≤ .05 was set for statistical significance. RESULTS: Findings revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between the two age groups in IR, INTR, IDR, ITR, EXTR or AMR (p >.05) prior to the start of the rowing season. CONCLUSIONS: Results demonstrated that BCS participating in competitive rowing exhibited no significant differences in the six motivation types as it related to age before the season began. These preliminary findings suggest that younger and older BCS are both highly motivated to participate in competitive sport and Dragon Boat racing. Participating in competitive rowing requires discipline, teamwork, comradery and support and may contribute to overall motivation through social relationships and post-traumatic growth factors (Stefani et. al, 2015; McDonough, Sabiston, & Ullrich-French, 2011). Milne et. al (2008) discussed the SDT as a useful theoretical framework to more effectively understand motivation in their sample of BCS exercisers. Future studies will use the SDT to examine motivation sources in BCS rowers prior to the competitive season as well as the post-season.

Citations (1)


... An increasing body of evidence supports the fact that oxidative stress, which results from high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is implicated in BC pathology [1,2]. Moreover, most anticancer treatments act on oxidative-stress pathways by producing ROS to kill cancer cells, commonly resulting in a drug-induced oxidative-stress multiple organ toxicity (e.g., cardiovascular and skeletal muscle dysfunction) [3][4][5]. ROS are normally generated by metabolism and are necessary factors in cell signalling as well as homeostasis [6]; however, when found in excessive levels, may lower antioxidant defences of the body, leading to negative health effects. In particular, high levels of ROS has the potential to damage proteins, lipids, and DNA, which can further cause genetic mutations and genomic instability, thus promoting carcinogenesis [1,7]. ...

Reference:

The Effects of Physical Activity on Gene-Specific Methylation of Antioxidant and Tumour Suppressor Genes in Post-surgery Female Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Medical Treatment
Treatment side affects exercising microvascular oxygenation response in active breast cancer survivors: A pilot study
  • Citing Article
  • November 2022

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging