Brady E Hamilton’s scientific contributions

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Publications (13)


Births: Final Data for 2017
  • Article

November 2018

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137 Reads

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890 Citations

National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System

Joyce A Martin

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Brady E Hamilton

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Michelle J K Osterman

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[...]

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Patrick Drake

Objectives-This report presents 2017 data on U.S. births according to a wide variety of characteristics. Trends in fertility patterns and maternal and infant characteristics are described and interpreted. Methods-Descriptive tabulations of data reported on the birth certificates of the 3.86 million births that occurred in 2017 are presented. Data are presented for maternal age, livebirth order, race and Hispanic origin, marital status, tobacco use, prenatal care, source of payment for the delivery, method of delivery, gestational age, birthweight, and plurality. Selected data by mother's state of residence and birth rates by age also are shown. Trend data for 2010 to 2017 are presented for selected items. Trend data by race and Hispanic origin are shown for 2016 and 2017. Results- A total of 3,855,500 births were registered in the United States in 2017, down 2% from 2016. Compared with rates in 2016, the general fertility rate declined to 60.3 births per 1,000 women aged 15-44. The birth rate for females aged 15-19 fell 7% in 2017. Birth rates declined for women in their 20s and 30s but increased for women in their early 40s. The total fertility rate declined to 1,765.5 births per 1,000 women in 2017. Birth rates for both married and unmarried women declined from 2016 to 2017. The percentage of women who began prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy rose to 77.3% in 2017; the percentage of all women who smoked during pregnancy declined to 6.9%. The cesarean delivery rate increased to 32.0% following 4 years of declines. Medicaid was the source of payment for 43.0% of all births in 2017, up 1% from 2016. The preterm birth rate rose for the third straight year, as did the rate of low birthweight. Twin and triplet and higher-order multiple birth rates were essentially stable in 2017. All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated.


Births: Final Data for 2016

January 2018

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140 Reads

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612 Citations

National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System

Objectives—This report presents 2016 data on U.S. births according to a wide variety of characteristics. Trends in fertility patterns and maternal and infant characteristics are described and interpreted. Methods—Descriptive tabulations of data reported on the birth certificates of the 3.95 million births that occurred in 2016 are presented. Data are presented for maternal age, live-birth order, race and Hispanic origin, marital status, tobacco use, prenatal care, source of payment for the delivery, method of delivery, gestational age, birthweight, and plurality. Selected data by mother’s state of residence and birth rates by age also are shown. Trend data for 2010–2016 are presented for selected items. Results—A total of 3,945,875 births were registered in the United States in 2016, down 1% from 2015. Compared with rates in 2015, the general fertility rate declined to 62.0 per 1,000 women aged 15–44. The birth rate for females aged 15–19 fell 9% in 2016. Birth rates declined for women in their 20s but increased for women in their 30s and early 40s. The total fertility rate declined to 1,820.5 births per 1,000 women in 2016. The birth rate for unmarried women declined, while the rate for married women increased. More than three-quarters of women began prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy (77.1%) in 2016, while 7.2% of all women smoked during pregnancy. The cesarean delivery rate declined for the fourth year in a row. Medicaid was the source of payment for 42.6% of all 2016 births. The preterm birth rate rose for the second straight year, and the rate of low birthweight increased 1%. Twin and triplet and higher-order multiple birth rates declined, although the changes were not statistically significant. © 2018, National Center for Health Statistics. All rights reserved.


Births: Final Data for 2015

January 2017

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157 Reads

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893 Citations

National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System

Objectives—This report presents 2015 data on U.S. births according to a wide variety of characteristics. Data are presented for maternal age, live-birth order, race and Hispanic origin, marital status, attendant at birth, method of delivery, period of gestation, birthweight, and plurality. Selected data by mother's state of residence and birth rates by age and race of father also are shown. Trends in fertility patterns and maternal and infant characteristics are described and interpreted. Methods—Descriptive tabulations of data reported on the birth certificates of the 3.98 million births that occurred in 2015 are presented. Results—In 2015, 3,978,497 births were registered in the United States, down less than 1% from 2014. The general fertility rate was 62.5 per 1,000 women aged 15–44, a decline of 1% from 2014. The birth rate for teenagers aged 15–19 fell 8% in 2015, to 22.3 per 1,000 females. Birth rates declined for women in their 20s but increased for women in their 30s and early 40s. The total fertility rate (estimated number of births over a woman’s lifetime) declined to 1,843.5 births per 1,000 women in 2015. The birth rate for unmarried women declined for the seventh straight year to 43.5 per 1,000. The cesarean delivery rate declined for the third year in a row to 32.0%. The preterm birth rate increased slightly from 2014, to 9.63% in 2015, as did the rate of low birthweight (8.07% in 2015). The twin birth rate declined to 33.5 per 1,000; the triplet and higher-order multiple birth rate was down 9% to 103.6 per 100,000. © 2017, National Center for Health Statistics. All rights reserved.


Continued Declines in Teen Births in the United States, 2015

September 2016

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37 Reads

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40 Citations

NCHS data brief

Key findings: •The teen birth rate declined to another historic low for the United States in 2015, down 8% from 2014 to 22.3 births per 1,000 females aged 15-19. •The birth rates for teenagers aged 15-17 and 18-19 declined in 2015 to 9.9 and 40.7, respectively, which are record lows for both groups. •In 2015, birth rates declined to 6.9 for Asian or Pacific Islander, 16.0 for non-Hispanic white, 25.7 for American Indian or Alaska Native, 31.8 for non-Hispanic black, and 34.9 for Hispanic female teenagers aged 15-19. •Birth rates fell to record lows for nearly all race and Hispanic-origin groups of females aged 15-19, 15-17, and 18-19 in 2015. The birth rate for teenagers aged 15-19 has fallen almost continuously since 1991, reaching historic lows for the nation every year since 2009 (1-4). Despite declines in all racial and ethnic groups, teen birth rates continue to vary considerably by race and ethnicity. Moreover, the U.S. teen birth rate remains higher than in other industrialized countries (5). Childbearing by teenagers continues to be a matter of public concern. This report presents the recent and long-term trends and disparity in teen childbearing by race and Hispanic origin.


Table 2 . Births, by age of mother, live-birth order, and race of mother: United States, 2014 [Live-birth order refers to number of children born alive to mother] 
Table 3 . Birth rates, by age of mother, live-birth order, and race of mother: United States, 2014 [Rates are births per 1,000 women in specified age and racial group. Fertility rate computed by relating total births, regardless of age of mother, to women aged 15-44. Populations estimated as of July 1. Live-birth order refers to number of children born alive to mother. Figures for live-birth order not stated are distributed] 
Figure 4. Birth rates, by age of mother: United States, 1990-2014 
Figure 6. Percent change in obstetric estimate-based preterm births, by state: 2007-2014 
Table 11 . Births, by Hispanic origin of mother, and by race for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: United States, each state and territory, 2014 [By place of residence] 

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Births: Final Data for 2014
  • Article
  • Full-text available

December 2015

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1,181 Reads

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833 Citations

National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System

Objectives—This report presents 2014 data on U.S. births according to a wide variety of characteristics. Data are presented for maternal age, live-birth order, race and Hispanic origin, marital status, attendant at birth, method of delivery, period of gestation, birth weight, and plurality. Birth and fertility rates are presented by age, live-birth order, race and Hispanic origin, and marital status. Selected data by mother’s state of residence and birth rates by age and race of father also are shown. Trends in fertility patterns and maternal and infant characteristics are described and interpreted. Methods—Descriptive tabulations of data reported on the birth certificates of the 3.99 million births that occurred in 2014 are presented. Results—In 2014, 3,988,076 births were registered in the United States, up 1% from 2013. The general fertility rate rose slightly to 62.9 per 1,000 women aged 15–44, the first increase in the rate since 2007. The teen birth rate fell 9% from 2013 to 2014, to 24.2 per 1,000 females aged 15–19. Birth rates declined for women in their early 20s but increased for women aged 25–39. The total fertility rate (estimated number of births over a woman’s lifetime) rose slightly to 1,862.5 births per 1,000 women. The birth rate for unmarried women declined for the sixth straight year. The cesarean delivery rate declined to 32.2%. The preterm birth rate declined 1% to 9.57%, but the low birth weight rate was essentially unchanged at 8.00%. The 2014 twin birth rate was 33.9 per 1,000 births, a new high for the United States; the triplet and higher-order multiple birth rate dropped 5% to 113.5 per 100,000 total births. © 2015, National Center for Health Statistics. All rights reserved.

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Births in the United States, 2014

September 2015

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29 Reads

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594 Citations

NCHS data brief

For the first year since 2007, childbearing rose in the United States in 2014, albeit slightly. Trends differed by race and Hispanic origin, with the GFR up among non-Hispanic white and API women but down or unchanged among other groups for 2013–2014. Historical lows in teen childbearing were seen in the U.S. overall in 2014, and for each of the race and Hispanic origin groups. Following years of steady increases that totaled nearly 60% (3), the U.S. cesarean delivery rate declined for the second straight year. Cesarean delivery rates had been on the decline for several years for non-Hispanic white and API women, but 2014 marks the first year of decline in cesarean deliveries among non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women. Preterm birth rates continued to trend downward in 2014 (2), overall and among most race and Hispanic origin groups, but large differences among groups in the risk of preterm birth were observed. The forthcoming report, "Births: Final data for 2014" (4), will present more information on the topics addressed in this report and selected others. All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated.


Figure 4. Birth rates, by selected age of mother: United States, final 1990-2013 and preliminary 2014
Figure 5. Preterm birth rates, by race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, final 2007 and preliminary 2014  
National Vital Statistics Reports Births: Preliminary Data for 2014

July 2015

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388 Reads

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110 Citations

Objectives—This report presents preliminary 2014 data on U.S. births. Births are shown by age, live-birth order, race, and Hispanic origin of mother. Data on marital status, cesarean delivery, preterm births, and low birthweight are also presented. Methods—Data are based on 99.71% of 2014 births. Records for the few states with less than 100% of records received are weighted Percent 2013 2014 40 Overall cesarean delivery rate Low-risk cesarean 1 delivery rate 35 30 25 20 0 All births Non-Non-AIAN API Hispanic All births Non-Non-AIAN API Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic Hispanic white black white black Race and Hispanic origin of mother 1 Defined as singleton, term (37 or more weeks of completed gestation based on obstetric estimate), vertex (not breech) cesarean deliveries to women having a first birth. NOTE: AIAN is American Indian or Alaska Native; API is Asian or Pacific Islander. SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System. Figure 1. Overall and low-risk cesarean delivery rates, by race and Hispanic origin of mother: United States, final 2013 and preliminary 2014





Citations (13)


... Data shows that the percentage of people undergoing IOL increased by almost 10% between 2007 and 2017. [9] The use of cervical balloons does not increase infection risk compared to vaginal prostaglandins. [10,11] Similar rates of intra-amniotic infection, endometritis, pooled maternal infection and neonatal infections were found between prostaglandins and intracervical foley catheter. ...

Reference:

Comparing the safety of a single balloon catheter to dinoprostone for inducing labor in pregnant women with group B Streptococcus vaginal colonization: An observational study
Births: Final Data for 2017
  • Citing Article
  • November 2018

National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System

... Labor induction is a common obstetric intervention performed when the risks of continuing a pregnancy outweigh the benefits, such as in cases of post-term pregnancy, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, preterm pregnancy, fetal distress, premature rupture of membrane (PROM), and diabetes [1,2]. Previous data reported a percentage of induction of up to 35.5% in Sri Lanka [3], 24.5% in the United States [4], and 6.8 to 33% in Europe [5]. The rate of labor induction is still low in the African region, accounting for around 4.4% of deliveries [6]. ...

Births: Final Data for 2016
  • Citing Article
  • January 2018

National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System

... Parental education was included in models by creating a latent factor with two ordinal indicators for mother's and father's education. Additionally, since it is evidenced that exposure to teen pregnancy prevention interventions impacts refusal self-efficacy, we controlled for intervention status (i.e., whether student was in a treatment or control condition) for each model [27,29,36,37] and the corresponding outcome variables measured at baseline (i.e., SRB at baseline). Finally, following a fixed-effects IDA framework, we controlled for study membership with effect-coded dummy variables representing study membership. ...

Continued Declines in Teen Births in the United States, 2015
  • Citing Article
  • September 2016

NCHS data brief

... According to the Atlanta CDC typing scheme, most CA-MRSA infections in the U.S. have been associated with two types of PFGE, USA300 and USA400, which differ from the commonly found HA-MRSA genotypes [41]. USA300 is the most common strain related to MRSA infections in previously healthy neonates in the U.S. and Europe, and it is produced when an ancestral sequence type (ST) 8 strain absorbs an element that catabolizes arginine, the staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCCmec) type IV, and a Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-encoding locus [21,42,43]. The arginine-catabolic element increases the ability of the USA300 MRSA strain to elude the immune system and survive inside the host, while SCCmec confers antibiotic resistance and PVL increases invasiveness [32,44]. ...

Births: Final Data for 2015
  • Citing Article
  • January 2017

National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System

... The demographic situation is considered critical with the continuing decline in the birth rate in many countries such as South Korea [1], Japan [2], China [3] and the United States [4]. The declining trend can cause a series of problems, such as the disproportion of population structure, the severe aging population, and restrictions on the economic development of the country [5,6]. In the U.S., the birth rate has shown a gradual and consistent decrease [4], declining from 14.182‰ in 2000 to 12.001‰ in 2021. ...

National vital statistics reports: From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
  • Citing Article
  • January 2015

... The national racial disparities in birth weight were reflected in our diverse Southwest U.S. metropolitan population, with a significant proportion of Black women having lowerbirth-weight babies than White women [24,25]. On the other hand, as supported by prior research [26], Hispanic women were less likely to have lower-birth-weight babies relative to non-Hispanic women (even in similarly deprived neighborhoods). This paradox of Hispanic women, who face similar disparities regarding access to care, socioeconomic, education, and language barriers to Black women yet have higher-birth-weight infants, highlights the need to identify factors that negatively and positively impact maternal and child health. ...

Births in the United States, 2014
  • Citing Article
  • September 2015

NCHS data brief

... countries (1)(2)(3). Over the last 10 years, there has been a significant increase in the preference for a cesarean delivery (4). One important reason driving this trend is a lower risk of maternal and newborn mortality associated with delivery (5,6). ...

Births: Preliminary data for 2012

National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System

... Environmental stressors are the most modifiable factor, and include aspects of the sleep environment that place infants at greater risk for asphyxiation (i.e., sleep position, temperature, people/items on the sleep surface; AAP, 2014). Families of color or those from low SES backgrounds may be more likely to meet two of the risk factors, including a medically vulnerable infant (i.e., low birth weight) as well as experiencing environmental stressors, such as cosleeping (Broussard et al., 2012;Fu et al., 2008;Martin et al., 2015). ...

Division of vital statistics. Births: Final data for 2013
  • Citing Article
  • January 2015

... In addition, midwives supported 10.8% of the deliveries in Canada in 2017 (Canadian Association of Midwives, 2018). Furthermore, in United States, the certified nurse-midwives and certified midwives attended 12.1% of all vaginal deliveries, or 8.3% of total deliveries (Hamilton et al., 2015). ...

Births: Final Data for 2014

National vital statistics reports : from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System

... We model birth as a Bernoulli random variable, where each female record has some probability of giving birth each year. We assigned these probabilities according to CDC fertility statistics based on age and race [30]. New infant records introduced to the population were assigned the same demographic characteristics as the mother, with gender randomly assigned with equal probability and health status randomly assigned based on MEPS statistics. ...

Births: Final data for 2013. National vital statistics reports: From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics
  • Citing Article
  • January 2015