Brad M. Barber’s research while affiliated with Keller Graduate School of Management and other places

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Publications (117)


A (Sub)penny for Your Thoughts: Tracking Retail Investor Activity in TAQ
  • Article

May 2024

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25 Reads

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11 Citations

The Journal of Finance

BRAD M. BARBER

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XING HUANG

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PHILIPPE JORION

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[...]

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We placed 85,000 retail trades in six retail brokerage accounts from December 2021 to June 2022 to validate the Boehmer et al. algorithm, which uses subpenny trade prices to identify and sign retail trades. The algorithm identifies 35% of our trades as retail, incorrectly signs 28% of identified trades, and yields uninformative order imbalance measures for 30% of stocks. We modify the algorithm by signing trades using the quoted spread midpoints. The quote midpoint method does not affect identification rates but reduces the signing error rates to 5% and provides informative order imbalance measures for all stocks.


FIGURE 6
Resolving a Paradox: Retail Trades Positively Predict Returns but Are Not Profitable
  • Article
  • Full-text available

May 2023

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102 Reads

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12 Citations

Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis

Retail order imbalance positively predicts returns, but on average retail investor trades lose money. Why? Order imbalance tests equal-weighted stocks, but retail purchases concentrate on attention-grabbing stocks that subsequently underperform. Long–short strategies based on extreme quintiles of retail order imbalance earn dismal annualized returns of −14.8% among stocks with heavy retail trading but earn 6.6% among other stocks. Our results reconcile the literatures on the performance of retail investors, the predictive content of retail order imbalance, and attention-induced trading and returns. Smaller retail trades concentrate more on attention-grabbing stocks and perform worse.

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Attention‐Induced Trading and Returns: Evidence from Robinhood Users

September 2022

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163 Reads

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211 Citations

The Journal of Finance

We study the influence of financial innovation by fintech brokerages on individual investors’ trading and stock prices. Using data from Robinhood, we find that Robinhood investors engage in more attention‐induced trading than other retail investors. For example, Robinhood outages disproportionately reduce trading in high‐attention stocks. While this evidence is consistent with Robinhood attracting relatively inexperienced investors, we show that it is also driven in part by the app's unique features. Consistent with models of attention‐induced trading, intense buying by Robinhood users forecasts negative returns. Average 20‐day abnormal returns are ‐4.7% for the top stocks purchased each day. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved


Private Company Valuations by Mutual Funds

May 2022

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43 Reads

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15 Citations

European Finance Review

Mutual fund families set and report values of their private startup holdings, which affect the fund net asset value (NAV) at which investors buy/sell fund shares. We test three hypotheses related to the valuation practice: (i) information cost/access, (ii) litigation risk, and (iii) strategic NAV management. Consistent with (i), families with larger PE holdings and/or stronger information access update valuations more frequently in the absence of public information releases, their updates co-move less with other families, and their fund returns jump less at follow-on financings. We find no support for hypotheses (ii) or (iii). We also find that high-PE-exposure funds are subject to greater financial fragility.





What Explains Differences in Finance Research Productivity During the Pandemic?

April 2021

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40 Reads

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61 Citations

The Journal of Finance

Based on a survey of AFA members, we analyze how demographics, time allocation, production mechanisms, and institutional factors affect research production during the pandemic. Consistent with the literature, research productivity falls more for women and faculty with young children. Independently, and novel, extra time spent teaching (much more likely for women) negatively affects research productivity. Also novel, concerns about feedback, isolation, and health have large negative research effects, which disproportionately affect junior faculty and PhD students. Finally, faculty who express greater concerns about employers’ finances report larger negative research effects and more concerns about feedback, isolation, and health. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved



Citations (84)


... Retail investors tend to concentrate their purchases on attention-grabbing stocks that subsequently underperform(Barber et al, 2023).3 The European Court of Justice has revisited the issue of market abuse, specifically focusing on the disclosure of inside information by a journalist. ...

Reference:

Analysts’ Recommendations and Press Sentiment: Complementary or Alternative to Drive Investors’ Trading Behavior?
Resolving a Paradox: Retail Trades Positively Predict Returns but Are Not Profitable

Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis

... In the investment side, the easy online or mobile execution methods generate a herd behavior among financial consumers, pushing them to have a high-frequency trading and an excessive risktaking by putting their wealth on the alternative assets such as cryptocurrencies with an extreme price volatility. (Barber et al. (2022)) And some of those markets are vulnerable to fraudulent intermediation practices. Taking the crypto-asset market in Korea as an example, there was a significant number of delisted coins (e.g., 74 new coin listings but 78 delisted coins in January to June 2022), and also a number of bribery and embezzlement cases reported. ...

Attention‐Induced Trading and Returns: Evidence from Robinhood Users
  • Citing Article
  • September 2022

The Journal of Finance

... We measure signed retail trading as the difference between trading volume of retail purchases and trading volume of retail sales, scaled by shares outstanding. We classify the trades as either buy or sell following Barber et al. (2024). To the extent that retail investors are fully informed, we would expect a positive relation between signed trades and future returns. ...

A (Sub)penny For Your Thoughts: Tracking Retail Investor Activity in TAQ
  • Citing Article
  • January 2022

SSRN Electronic Journal

... 5 Second, our approach allows us to directly conduct within-broker comparison of execution costs. Focusing on dispersion within broker is important since there are large variations of execution costs across brokers (Battalio et al. (2001) and Schwarz et al. (2023)). Third, because brokers may have heterogeneous criteria for making routing choices, having a wide range of brokers allows us to examine how different routing choices affect the competitiveness of the wholesaler market place. ...

The 'Actual Retail Price' of Equity Trades
  • Citing Article
  • January 2022

SSRN Electronic Journal

... To illustrate how portfolio companies' information is reflected in PE funds' reports to LPs, consider a relatable example: investors' investment in mutual funds (which are not PE funds). Whereas mutual funds generally invest in publicly traded securities, mutual fund investments in private entities are growing (e.g., Cederburg and Stoughton 2018; Kwon, Lowry, and Qian 2020;Agarwal, Barber, Cheng, Hameed, and Yasuda 2023). The mutual fund reports the fair values of its underlying investments, including any investments in private entities, but never provides detailed financial statements for the mutual fund's underlying portfolio companies. ...

Private Company Valuations by Mutual Funds
  • Citing Article
  • May 2022

European Finance Review

... However, Aiston and Jung (2015) argue that family is not, in all cases, operating as a form of negative equity in the prestige economy of higher education. In Barber et al. (2021) study, family size was found to influence productivity, with wives being negatively affected more than husbands. This is because wives bear a disproportionate share of the burden for child care and care of family members. ...

What Explains Differences in Finance Research Productivity During the Pandemic?
  • Citing Article
  • April 2021

The Journal of Finance

... We retrieve the number of retail trades, trading volume, and dollar volume and compute retail order imbalance measures. Barber, Lin, and Odean (2023) show that focusing on the number of trades rather than the volume provides a more accurate reflection of attention-induced retail trading. 17 We proceed to estimate the following regression model: ...

Resolving a Paradox: Retail Trades Positively Predict Returns but are Not Profitable
  • Citing Article
  • January 2021

SSRN Electronic Journal

... Our findings suggest that the increased childcare and household duties disproportionately fell on the shoulders of women, even among financial professionals and in a sector where females are known to have superior skills. Our findings echo policy responses that account for the disparate effects of a common adverse shock (Oleschuk 2020;Barber et al. 2021). ...

What Explains Differences in Finance Research Productivity During the Pandemic?
  • Citing Article
  • January 2020

SSRN Electronic Journal

... Moreover, I show that mandatory fund disclosures can mitigate the overreaction induced by voluntary summary disclosures. My findings extend the recent literature on the role of salient disclosures in triggering attention-induced trade and subsequent underperformance (Rennekamp 2012;Bushee et al. 2020;Barber et al. 2022) and align with the findings of Guay et al. (2016) by highlighting the complementary role of voluntary and mandatory disclosures in jointly improving the information environment. ...

Attention Induced Trading and Returns: Evidence from Robinhood Users
  • Citing Article
  • January 2020

SSRN Electronic Journal

... This is in line with research findings in behavioral finance that show that more frequent trading is associated with worse returns, due to the significant costs incurred from excessive trading (Barber and Odean 2000). This is especially true for day trading (buying and selling a stock on the same day), where it has been suggested that only 5% of day traders earn money in the long term (Barber et al. 2020;Jordan and Diltz 2003), a rate of profitability which is closer to gambling than traditional investing. ...

Learning, Fast or Slow
  • Citing Article
  • February 2020

The Review of Asset Pricing Studies