Bochra A. Bahri's research while affiliated with University of Georgia and other places
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Publications (73)
Dollar spot is one of the most damaging diseases in turfgrass, reducing its quality and playability. Two species, Clarireedia monteithiana and C. jacksonii (formerly Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) have been reported so far in the United States To study the Clarireedia genome, two isolates H2 and H3, sampled from seashore paspalum in Hawaii in 2019 were s...
Species distribution models are widely used to estimate the potential geographic distribution of species habitat. They are also used to predict the impact of climate change on species distributions. In this study, we examined the distribution of Mal Secco disease, an infective disease of citrus caused by the fungus Plenodomus tracheiphilus. To mode...
Recent occurrence in Tunisia of Citrus blast and black pit disease, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss), the few available antibacterial chemicals, and the increasing resistance of Pss to copper sulfate highlighted the need for new antibacterial agents. In vitro analysis of the antagonistic activity of fifty-four native epiphytic bact...
Background
Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Zymoseptoria tritici ( Z. tritici ) , is an important biotic threat to durum wheat in the entire Mediterranean Basin. Although most durum wheat cultivars are susceptible to Z. tritici , research in STB resistance in durum wheat has been limited.
Results
In our study, we have identified resistance...
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is a major disease problem of wheat worldwide. To optimize the introgression of resistance genes in elite genotypes throughout traditional or molecular breeding programs, a full understanding of the quantitative inheritance of resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici, plant height (PH), and thousand kernel weight (TKW) is ne...
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by Zymoseptoria tritici is the primary biotic stress for durum wheat production in Tunisia. The present study was aimed to decipher the genetic diversity and population structure of Z. tritici bread wheat isolates; in the northern regions of Tunisia this pathogen infected exclusively bread wheat. A total of 162...
Background
Tunisia is considered a secondary center of diversification of durum wheat and has a large number of abandoned old local landraces. An accurate investigation and characterization of the morphological and genetic features of these landraces would allow their rehabilitation and utilization in wheat breeding programs. Here, we investigated...
Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra is an ecologically, medicinally and economically important species in Tunisia. Thirty-six Hypericum individuals sampled from 6 northern Tunisian locations were investigated for their diversity and relationships using 10 inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers and 10 morphological features at vegetative stage. Th...
Background: Septoria tritici blotch (STB) has marked durum wheat production worldwide. This fungal disease is until today a challenge for farmers, researchers and breeders all united in the aim of reducing its damage and improving wheat resistance. Tunisian durum wheat landraces were reported to be valuable genetic resources for resistance to bioti...
Background: Septoria tritici blotch (STB) has marked durum wheat production worldwide. This fungal disease is until today a challenge for farmers, researchers and breeders all united in the aim of reducing its damage and improving wheat resistance. Tunisian durum wheat landraces were reported to be valuable genetic resources for resistance to bioti...
Background
Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Zymoseptoria tritici (Z. tritici), is an important biotic threat to durum wheat in the entire Mediterranean Basin. Although most durum wheat cultivars are susceptible to Z. tritici, research in STB resistance in durum wheat has been limited.
Results
In our study, we have identified resistance to...
In southeastern U.S., oat (Avena sativa L.) is predominantly grown as a grain or forage crop due to its exceptional palatability (Buntin et al. 2009). In November 2020, leaf spot symptoms were observed in an oat field (cv. Horizon 720) in Screven County, Georgia (GPS: 32°38'57.6"N 81°31'32.178"W). Lesions were oblong, whitish to gray in color, and...
Dollar spot, caused by the fungal pathogens Clarireedia spp. (formerly Sclerotinia homoeocarpa), is the most common and widely distributed disease of turfgrass worldwide. It can drastically reduce the quality of turfgrass species and impact their aesthetic value and playability. Management of dollar spot typically includes a costly program of multi...
Dollar spot is one of the most destructive diseases in turfgrass. The causal agents belong to the genus Clarireedia, which are known for causing necrotic, sunken spots in turfgrass that coa-lesce into large damaged areas. In low tolerance settings like turfgrass, it is of vital importance to rapidly detect and identify the pathogens. There are a fe...
Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis, and crown rust, caused by P. coronata, are common rust diseases on cool-season grasses (Karakkat et al. 2018), for which long-distance spore dispersal was recorded in northern US (Harder and Haber 1992). During the summers of 2019 and 2020, severe infection of stem rust and crown rust was observed on > 60% of...
Soil microorganisms are generally considered sensitive indicators of soil health and fertility. Understanding the role of environmental factors in driving soil microorganisms’ distributions is vital for sustainable crop production, particularly in vulnerable agricultural systems. This study aims to investigate the effect of environmental factors on...
Citrus blast and black pit caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) is the
only bacterial disease reported in Tunisian Citrus orchards. The phylogenetic relationship
between Pss strains was studied based on multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA),
using partial sequences of housekeeping genes rpoD, rpoB, gyrB, cts, and pfk for 14
representativ...
Key message
Mapping combined with expression and variant analyses in switchgrass, a crop with complex genetics, identified a cluster of candidate genes for leaf wax in a fast-evolving region of chromosome 7K.
Abstract
Switchgrass ( Panicum virgatum L.) is a promising warm-season candidate energy crop. It occurs in two ecotypes, upland and lowland,...
Background: Tunisia is a center of genetic diversity of durum wheat and has a large number of abandoned old local landraces. An accurate investigation and characterization of the morphological and genetic features of these landraces would allow their rehabilitation and use for practical and beneficial purposes. In this context, a collection of 304...
Background: Tunisia is a center of genetic diversity of durum wheat and has a large number of abandoned old local landraces. An accurate investigation and characterization of the morphological and genetic features of these landraces would allow their rehabilitation and use for practical and beneficial purposes. In this context, a collection of 304...
Background: Tunisia is considered a secondary center of diversification of durum wheat and has a large number of abandoned old local landraces. An accurate investigation and characterization of the morphological and genetic features of these landraces would allow their rehabilitation and utilization in wheat breeding programs. Here, we investigated...
Citrus blast and black pit caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) is the only bacterial disease reported in the Tunisian Citrus orchards. The phylogenetic relationship between Pss strains was studied based on Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA), using partial housekeeping genes sequences of rpoD, rpoB, gyrB, cts, and pfk for fourteen rep...
Among the biotic constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production, fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium graminearum, leaf rust (LR), caused by Puccinia triticina, and stripe rust (SR) caused by Puccinia striiformis are problematic fungal diseases worldwide. Each can significantly reduce grain yield while FHB causes additional food a...
Dollar spot caused by the fungal pathogen Clarireedia spp, is an important disease of all warm and cool season grasses that are grown in the US, including the state of Georgia. Disease symptoms similar to those of dollar spot i.e., white to straw-colored circular lesions on leaf blades and large irregular sunken patches on turf swards, were regular...
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), a C4 perennial grass native to North America and developed as a sustainable biofuel feedstock, occurs in two ecotypes, lowland and upland, which vary in their architecture as well as their range of adaptation. In this study, we assessed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variation in 372 switchgrass genotypes for n...
Eremurus species, better known as ‘Foxtail Lily’ or ‘Desert Candle’, are important worldwide in landscaping and the cut-flower industry. One of the centers of highest diversity of the genus Eremurus is Iran, which has seven species. However, little is known about the genetic diversity within the genus Eremurus. With the advent of genotyping-by-sequ...
Yellow rust is the major wheat disease in Central West Asia and North Africa. Severe epidemics have occurred in recent years, with major yield losses in 2010‐2011 in Lebanon and Syria. We conducted an extensive field survey, with a collection of 273 samples of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, to explore the origin of these epidemics. All sample...
Tunisia is one of the main producers of durum wheat, the most consumed cereal in Tunisia and represents a trademark of several local dishes such as couscous and bulgur. Nonetheless and despite its leading stand in the local consumption and commercial share, a scarcity in Tunisian durum wheat production has long been a major problem obstructing the...
Blue mold rot, caused by Penicillium expansum , is one of the most economically important post-harvest diseases of apple worldwide. The goals of this study were threefold: to evaluate the diversity of P. expansum isolates for mycelial growth, spore production and lesion diameter on apples; to estimate the effects of cold-storage facility conditions...
This is the first report of Rhodococcus spp. causing disease on Iresine herbstii plants, and the first report of pathogenic Rhodococcus spp. in Tunisia.
Anthracnose Citrus disease has been associated with several symptoms worldwide and it is recently compromising Citrus production in the Mediterranean area. Four species complexes are mainly involved: Colletotrichum boninense, C. acutatum, C. gloeosporioides and C. truncatum. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity of Colletotrichum spp...
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera), one of the most ancient crops, is grown commercially in >30 countries. Using whole plastome assemblies, phylogenetic analyses revealed that cultivated date palm accessions share the same clade with P. sylvestris, P. pusilla and P. acaulis, which are native to the Indian subcontinent, and P.caespitosa that is native...
Background:
Advances in genomic technologies have expanded our ability to accurately and exhaustively detect natural genomic variants that can be applied in crop improvement and to increase our knowledge of plant evolution and adaptation. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), an allotetraploid (2n = 4× = 36) perennial C4 grass (Poaceae family) native...
Multi-sequence alignment of the Sh1 alleles and transcripts in S. viridis accession A10 and S. italica accessions Yugu1, B100, Ise-3 and Ise-5. Genomic and cDNA sequences are indicated with “genomic” and “cDNA,” respectively, in the sequence name. Intron sequences have a white background, exon sequences have brown (A), yellow (C), green (T), and pu...
Multi-sequence alignment at the protein level across different grass species of the qSH1 region carrying the non-synonymous SNP that differentiates S. italica from S. viridis (position 31 in this alignment).
Semi-quantitative RT-PCR of qSH1 in leaves and panicles of A10 and B100.
Setaria (L.) P. Beauv is a genus of grasses that belongs to the Poaceae (grass) family, subfamily Panicoideae. Two members of the Setaria genus, Setaria italica (foxtail millet) and S. viridis (green foxtail), have been studied extensively over the past few years as model species for C4-photosynthesis and to facilitate genome studies in complex Pan...
Insertion of (A) MITE 1 and (B) MITE 2 in the 5′UTR of qSH1 was accompanied or followed by rearrangements. The MITE sequence is delineated by “|”. Deletions are in red, insertions in green. [ ] indicates SSR units. Microhomology flanking the deletion is highlighted in yellow.
Multi-sequence alignment of the qSH1 alleles in S. viridis accession A10, and S. italica accessions B100 and Yugu1. MITE sequences have green (A), orange (C), blue (T), and red (G) backgrounds. The “ATG” start codon has a white background.
Alignment of RNA-Seq reads against Sh1 genomic sequence. (A) A10 reads (SRX875196) against Sevir.9G153200 (only the read coverage is shown) and (B) Yugu1 reads (SRX2832831) against Seita.9G154300 (both read coverage and individual read alignments are shown). Exon locations are indicated with red boxes. The MITE location in Seita9G.154300 is shown i...
Genotypic and phenotypic data for the B100 × A10 F2:3 and RIL populations.
Presence/absence of MITEs 1 and 2 in qSH1 in S. italica germplasm.
Yellow rust is a devastating wheat disease. Since 2000, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici strains, PstS1/S2 became adapted to high temperature and spread worldwide. By 2011 Warrior strains invaded warm and cold areas of Europe. We questioned whether thermal aptitude promoted the spread of Warrior strains, similar to PstS1/S2. We compared infectio...
Lignin is a hydrophobic polymer that provides mechanical strength to plant organs. However, the presence of lignin in plant cell walls reduces the efficiency of ethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass and the digestibility of forage for animal consumption.
The importance of the warm-season grass Paspalum vaginatum Sw. lies in its salt tolerance and its ability to serve as forage, ground cover for erosion control, and turf for sport surfaces in vulnerable areas in the tropics and subtropics. We conducted DNA content measurements using flow cytometry and diversity analyses using 43 simple sequence repe...
Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. and its domesticated form, S. italica (L.) P. Beauv., have been developed over the past few years as model systems for C4 photosynthesis and for the analysis of bioenergy traits. S. viridis is native to Eurasia, but is now a ubiquitous weed.
An analysis of the population structure of a set of 232 S. viridis lines, mos...
In order to study the genetic diversity, the phylogeographic pattern and hybridization between six Tunisian Capparis species, 213 accessions of Caper were genotyped with three primer combinations of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Out of 750 fragments generated, 636 were polymorphic and 407 of them were restricted to a single...
Fig. S1. Sequence alignment and primer binding sites for the polymorphic genome regions of SCAR marker SCP19M24.
Fig. S2. Sequence alignment and primer binding sites for the polymorphic genome regions of SCAR marker SCP12M26.
Table S1. Comparison of the performance of SCAR markers in relation to that of AFLP markers.
Investigating the origin and dispersal pathways is instrumental to mitigate threats and economic and environmental consequences of invasive crop pathogens. In the case of Puccinia striiformis causing yellow rust on wheat, a number of economically important invasions have been reported, e.g., the spreading of two aggressive and high temperature adap...
Wheat yellow rust epidemics, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (PST) have increased worldwide with the emergence in Western Europe and North Africa of an aggressive strain and tolerant to high temperature (PstS2) since 2004 and exotic strains (Triticale 2006, 2015, Warrior and Kranich) recently. Even though resistant varieties bring to...
Abstract
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria tritici (formerly known as Mycosphaerella graminicola) is currently the most important foliar disease of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) in Tunisia, causing serious yield losses and affecting grain quality. Resistance breeding in durum wheat to STB can provide an...
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a perennial C4 grass that has gained attention for its potential as a dedicated biomass crop. Two ecotypes, lowland and upland switchgrass, can be distinguished based on plant morphology and region of adaptation. Genetic linkage maps have been constructed in both a lowland cultivar, “Alamo” (genotype AP13), and an...
An extensive survey of the standing genetic variation in natural populations is among the priority steps in developing a species into a model system. In recent years, green foxtail (Setaria viridis), along with its domesticated form foxtail millet (S. italica), has rapidly become a promising new model system for C4 grasses and bioenergy crops, due...
Septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola is currently the major foliar disease of durum
wheat in Tunisia. Most of the Tunisian elite cultivars show little or no resistance to this pathogen. Recently, some Tunisian
landraces including ‘Agili’ have been identified as highly resistant to the virulent STB pathotyp...
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a native perennial warm season (C4) grass that has been identified as a promising species for bioenergy research and production. Consequently, biomass yield and feedstock quality improvements are high priorities for switchgrass research. The objective of this study was to develop a switchgrass genetic linkage ma...
Environmental heterogeneity influences coevolution and local adaptation in host–parasite systems. This also concerns applied issues, because the geographic range of parasites may depend on their capacity to adapt to abiotic conditions. We studied temperature‐specific adaptation in the wheat yellow/stripe rust pathogen, Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tr...
Yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (PST), is an important disease that threatens wheat production in Pakistan. This study was designed to explore the virulence and simple sequence repeat (SSR) diversity of the Pakistani PST population and the ongoing selective pressures of widely grown wheat cultivars. Analyses of 49 isolates...
Most plant pathogens present complex life cycles, in which the clonal reproduction may impede the delimitation of population entities. By studying the genetic structure of the wheat yellow rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (PST), we highlighted difficulties impeding population delimitation in highly clonal species. Despite the high...
Costs of adaptation play an important role in host-parasite coevolution. For parasites, evolving the ability to circumvent host resistance may trade off with subsequent growth or transmission. Such costs of virulence (sensu plant pathology) limit the spread of all-infectious genotypes and thus facilitate the maintenance of genetic polymorphism in b...
Phylogenetic relationships between PST isolates used in competition. The table (a) shows the list of the 39 primer combinations used for AFLP analysis. The most parsimonious tree (b), built on the basis of AFLP polymorphism, revealed low divergence between two clonal lineages, while within each lineage, no molecular divergence was found between iso...
Validation of the use of Sleipner cultivar to assess vir9 proportion in spore mixtures. The figure shows the reliability of frequency estimates on cv. Sleipner after inoculation with different ratios of Avir9/vir9 isolates. For two independent pairs of Avir9/vir9 isolates, we prepared spore mixtures containing different proportions of the vir9 isol...
We report the characterization of ten microsatellite markers in the fungus Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici, responsible for yellow rust disease on wheat. A published EST library was scanned for microsatellite motives, and over 15
selected EST sequences, 13 were successfully amplified and ten exhibited polymorphism over an international collectio...
Switchgrass cell-wall recalcitrance is the decisive scientific challenge for bioethanol production from biomass feedstock. A full-sib switchgrass mapping population derived from a cross between a lowland genotype, AP13, and an upland genotype, VS16, was used for the construction of genetic linkage maps. The female and male genetic maps were constru...
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), a tetraploid and outbreeding grass native to US prairies, has agronomic characteristics that make it an exceptionally promising feedstock for bioenergy production. Switchgrass has high genotypic and phenotypic variation, and we aimed to study haplotype variation in switchgrass germplasm for genes involved in biomass...
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.; 2n = 4x =36) is a native perennial warm season (C4) grass that has been identified as a promising species for bioenergy research and production. The switchgrass genome sequence has been assembled into 319,670 contigs with an L50 of 5.7 kb (www.phytozome.org). Genome sequence assembly remains a challenge due to the...
Citations
... limon) production in the areas where the fungal pathogen is present [3][4][5]. Morocco and Portugal, while still free of MSD, have suitable conditions for its development [6]. ...
... As pivotal examples leaf and stem rust resistance sources were mapped in the Portuguese DW landraces PI 192051 and Aus26582, by developing RIL mapping populations, beside alternative contribution from other sources (Qureshi et al., 2017;Qureshi et al., 2018;Aoun et al., 2019). Similarly, a resistance gene to Zymoseptoria tritici was mapped in the Tunisian DW landrace 'Agili 39' (Ferjaoui et al., 2022). ...
... Whereas 83B28 H5 × A5302 H1 tended The kernel weight per ear of hybrids in 2018-2020 Xinjiang under control and drought stress. Figures (Hassine et al., 2022). Therefore, perhaps, the haplotype H5 has maternal effects on the hybrids. ...
... Clarireedia includes the causal agent of dollar spot disease which was found to affect grasses (Salgado-Salazar et al. 2018;Sapkota et al. 2022). The disease is characterized by light tan-coloured lesions on the leaves, bordered by a reddish-brown band, being common (especially in turfgrasses) to observe the presence of small (dollar size) spots of pale, bleached plants (Salgado-Salazar et al. 2018). ...
... However, recently Groben et al. (2020) were able to quickly diagnose Clarireedia from field samples using a quantitative real-time PCR assay. In addition, a co-dominant cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence assay differentiating C. monteithiana from C. jacksonii was recently developed (Stackhouse et al., 2021). Beside variations at the molecular level (Powell and Vargas 2001;DeVries et al., 2008), diversity in vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) and mating-type locus were also reported in Clarireedia spp. ...
... Some studies have shown that pH, available phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen content, and cation exchange capacity are some of the main soil properties that contribute significantly to the AMF spore number (He et al. 2016;Melo et al. 2019;Avio et al. 2020;Jerbi et al. 2021;Ma et al. 2021). The most abundant species in our study, R. dunense and P. peruvianum, were positively affected by K and P, respectively, also both species were negatively affected by pH and CaCO 3 , and positively affected by CE and MO. ...
... C. paspali Jian Hu & Lamour was described by Hu et al. 8) based on the sequences of rDNA-ITS, Mcm7, and EF1 (the translation elongation factor 1-). Following these studies, re-identification of the pathogens has been completed in the USA 1,12) , China 8) and Spain 4) . Comparisons of the whole genome 3) and a PCR detection method for the species 5) have been reported. ...
... The inheritance of cuticular wax on the leaf surface of many plant species has been extensively investigated. In some cases, the trait is controlled by quantitative trait loci [17,18], and in most cases, the genetic architecture of cuticular waxes is dominantly controlled by a single gene [19][20][21][22][23]. Many dominant loci have been successfully mapped using a forward mapping method, and CER2 [23] and GDSL-like lipase/acylhydrolase [22] are considered as candidate genes for wax synthesis. ...
... New plant species have been identified as hosts of the plant pathogenic R. fascians and other newly reported members of the genus Rhodococcus [33,[36][37][38][39][40]. Two Rhodococcus isolates designated as PBTS1 and PBTS2, one of which is a R. fascians, have resulted in a significant loss to the US pistachio industry [36,37]. ...