Bernhard Raser’s research while affiliated with AVL LIST GMBH and other places

... Simulations for health impact assessment have been done by Mulholland et al. (Mulholland et al., 2022). Gunja et al. made a study based on engine/ATS/vehicle simulations in order to analyze the extent to which new On-Board Monitoring system (OBM) could influence the function of other control systems (Gunja et al., 2022). Ragon and Rodriguez developed cost estimates for diesel emissions control technology in order to comply with forthcoming Euro VII standards (Ragon and Rodríguez, 2021). ...

Reference:

Euro 7 proposal assessment of a Euro VI parallel hybrid electric bus

... Engine bench tests and specialized equipment facilitate detailed monitoring of friction characteristics and thorough analysis of the wear process [15,16]. The friction coefficient and wear condition could be measured accurately due to the following testing methods, such as the floating cylinder liner, crank angle resolution, the continuous wavelet transform, and online iron spectrum, etc. [17][18][19]. Furthermore, emerging techniques, such as machine learning models, have proven valuable in predicting tribological behavior under varying lubrication conditions, aiding in the identification of patterns that enhance material performance [20]. ...

Reference:

Effects of the Piston Skirt’s Surface Structure on Coating Quality and Friction Functions

... To eliminate this, they laid down the fundamental principle that the injection and air intake must work in sync with the highest possible airflow speed. In [52], it is also established that when designing the operation of truck engines with hydrogen fuel, due to the risk of backburn, the port fuel injection concept should no longer be considered. In addition, they presented valuable information about the efficiency of hydrogen engines. ...

Reference:

A Comprehensive Analysis of Characteristics of Hydrogen Operation as a Preparation for Retrofitting a Compression Ignition Engine to a Hydrogen Engine

... The motivation for this work was to meet the 2027 NO x regulations with no additional support from a production engine (without CDA or engine calibration change) with an external heat source on an AT system. The recent works on the AT system to meet the 2027 NO x regulations include using a LO-SCR (Kasab et al., 2021;Matheaus et al., 2021;Sharp et al., 2021). This catalyst was added to a conventional AT system in this work. ...

Reference:

Meeting future NOX emission regulations by adding an electrically heated mixer

... 19: Structure of a ceramic particulate lter (PF) (adapted from [89, p. 69])19 shows this porous ceramic with its plugs(3) ...

Reference:

Concepts for minimizing the exhaust gas emissions of a hydrogen combustion engine

... The examined commercial vehicle engine is also equipped with a variable geometry exhaust gas turbocharger for boosting and without exhaust gas recirculation. The ignition system features spark plugs with reduced residual discharge, while centrally positioned modified racing spark plugs are used in the combustion chamber to ignite the hydrogen-air mixture [7]. At the beginning of the investigations, the potential for NOX reduction at steady-state load points was analysed. ...

Reference:

Measures to improve the transient behaviour of hydrogen ICE

... Poisonous nitrogen oxides contribute to the formation of smog and have many detrimental impacts on the environment and human health [1][2][3]. To reduce these adverse effects, the NO x emission limits are imposed by law in most countries and are becoming more stringent [4][5][6][7]. ...

Reference:

NH3-SCR over Fe/SSZ-13 catalyst prepared by modification of natural chabazite

... In the meantime, the discussions have already started in Europe on the next level of regulations beyond Euro 6 emissions (Joshi, 2019). Since the internal combustion engine will continue to be the predominant drive source for heavy long-distance transport in the foreseeable future, increasing the engine efficiency and reducing exhaust emissions will make a significant contribution to achieving the above targets (Horvath et al., 2020). ...

Reference:

Effects of Multiple Injection Strategies on Heavy-Duty Diesel Energy Distributions and Emissions Under High Peak Combustion Pressures

... As a result, the European Union has imposed CO 2 emission standards for HD vehicles that require emission reductions of 15% from 2025 onwards and 30% from 2030 onwards, relative to the 2019 baseline [3]. Several technologies and powertrain concepts have been proposed to help meet these requirements, including improvements in combustion and air management efficiency, predictive powertrain control, hybridization, reduction of friction and other losses, renewable fuels, hydrogen, fuel cells, and waste heat recovery (WHR) [4,5]. WHR systems generate power from the waste heat of the heat sources in a HD engine, namely the charge air cooler (CAC), the exhaust recirculation (EGR) cooler, the engine coolant, or the exhaust gases [6]. ...

Reference:

Exhaust Waste Heat Recovery from a Heavy-Duty Truck Engine: Experiments and Simulations