August 1993
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9 Reads
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15 Citations
Ornithological Applications
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Publications (8)
December 1992
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101 Reads
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25 Citations
Biological Conservation
Intensive hunting in the first part of this century placed the Orinoco crocodile Crocodylus intermedius in immediate danger of extinction. We studied the potential for enhancing populations through captive rearing. In an area of 35 000 m2 seven enclosures were developed with six earthen and eight concrete ponds. In two years' operation a hatching rate of 72·4% and a hatchling survival rate of 42% were obtained. In the first year males attained an average total length of 745 mm and females 620 mm. In the second year average total length was 1362 mm and 1111 mm, respectively. Seasonal changes in growth and the influence of climatic conditions in mortality are discussed. Captive breeding and rearing appears to be an appropriate conservation strategy for this species.
August 1992
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4 Reads
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19 Citations
Ornithological Applications
January 1988
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7 Reads
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9 Citations
Ornithology
January 1988
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5 Reads
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12 Citations
Colonial Waterbirds
During 1983-1984, an aerial census of the nesting population of the Scarlet Ibis (Eudocimus ruber) was conducted in the Venezuelan Llanos. As a result of the flights, 22 colonies were located in 1983, containing 64,439 pairs. In 1984, the number of observed colonies decreased to 7 containing 42,236 nesting pairs. These results are compared with earlier data from the literature; we conclude that a reduction of the nesting area of this species has occurred during recent years. /// Durante los años 1983 y 1984 se realizó un censo aéreo de la población nidificante del corocoro rojo (E. ruber) en los Llanos de Venezuela. Como resultado de los vuelos, en 1983 se localizaron 22 colonias con un total de 64.439 parejas. En 1984 el némero de colonias observadas descendió a 7 con 42.236 parejas. Estos resultados se comparan con datos bibliográficos anteriores y se concluye que ha habido una reducción en el área de nidificación de esta especie a lo largo de los últimos años.
January 1987
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23 Reads
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9 Citations
Colonial Waterbirds
We have recorded 40 mixed pairs and observed 14 mixed copulations between Scarlet and White Ibises in the Venezuelan Llanos. Considering the largely separate distributional ranges of both birds, we propose that this bird is a single species composed of two subspecies: Eudocimus ruber ruber and E. ruber albus. A hybrid zone exists in Colombia and Venezuela, which time separates and connects the populations of White Ibis (North and Central America) and the Scarlet Ibis (Guianas and Brazil). In Venezuelan Llanos the White Ibis population accounts for less than 10% of the total of the two forms. /// Hasta la fecha se han registrado 40 parejas mixtas y observado 14 cópulas mixtas entre el Corocoro Rojo y Blanco en los Llanos de Venezuela. Considerando la distribución ampliamente separada de ambos corocoros, se propone la denominación de una sóla especie dividida en dos subespecies: Eudocimus ruber ruber y E. ruber albus, con una zona híbrida (Colombia y Venezuela) que al mismo tiempo separa y conecta la población de Corocoro Blanco (Norteamérica y Centroamérica) y de Corocoro Rojo (Guyanas y Brasil). En los Llanos de Venezuela el Corocoro Blanco no llega al 10% de la población total de corocoros.
December 1984
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6 Reads
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5 Citations
Biotropica
March 1984
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17 Reads
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35 Citations
Biotropica
Nesting of Passeriformes was studied in an area of savanna subject to periodic flooding in Apure State (Venezuela). The most important climatic characteristic of this region is the alternation of a rainy season (May to October) and a dry season (December to March). One hundred sixty-four nests of 35 species were observed, and the shape, construction, location, and egg color were noted. The majority of the nests were found in aquatic environments or shrubbery. The average nest contained 2.54 eggs. The 8-month nesting period was found to be highly correlated with the rainy season, and the nesting success was low (34.84%), being somewhat higher in enclosed nests than in open ones. Predation was the main cause for nest loss.
Citations (8)
... Yet, two eggs from wild birds come from countries with no breeding records on literature, Peru and Bolivia. More detailed data come from only three countries: Panama (Lundy 1957;Wetmore 1965;Smith 1970), Venezuela (Ramo and Busto 1988;Schlee 1995), and Brazil (Carvalho-Filho et al. 2004;Petri et al. 2013; WA2423099; WA2392238), but each of these referring to one or two nests only. The only thoroughly monitored nest is the one by Carvalho-Filho et al. (2004). ...
- Citing Article
January 1988
Ornithology
... (Naranjo 1995). Condiciones que generan ecosistemas favorables (refugio y alimento: macro-invertebrados y semillas), para la presencia y posible reproducción del Turpial de Agua (Castillo-Guerrero et al. 1999, Zamora-Orosco 2001, Barrientos et al. 2016, Guitrón et al. 2018, Sanz et al. 2020; aun teniendo estos hábitats características físico-químicas distintas a los encontrados en los llanos occidentales venezolanos (esteros, caños, lagunas), donde también está presente esta especie (Ramo y Busto 1984, Cruz y Andrews 1989. ...
Reference:
Turpial de agua en la isla de Margarita
- Citing Article
March 1984
Biotropica
... In combination, these records suggest most breeding in north-east Ecuador occurs in December to July, the wetter months in this area. Similarly, records from Venezuela suggest wet-season breeding in that country 5,30 . ...
- Citing Article
December 1984
Biotropica
... Their distribution overlaps in the Los Llanos region of Venezuela and Colombia, where they hybridize. However, the majority of pairings in the parapatric zone are between individuals of the same morphotype (Ramo and Busto 1987). Ridgway (1884) considered Scarlet and White ibises to be a single species, but subsequent interpretations suggest two separate species. ...
- Citing Article
January 1987
Colonial Waterbirds
... Egretta caerulea has decreasing population trends, however it is remarkably adaptable to human impacted-environments and is broadly distributed in Brazil (Sick 2001, IUCN 2012. Similarly, even though Eudocimus ruber has decreasing population trends it is considered regionally abundant in the Caribbean coast (Ramo & Busto 1988, IUCN 2012. While the capture of these wild birds may be a contributing factor to their population decreases and should be reduced to protect these species, the numbers of birds captured seems relatively small to produce dramatic demographic impacts in the regional populations. ...
- Citing Article
January 1988
Colonial Waterbirds
... This is particularly true for birds, such as storks that are active foragers. Mean prey length in the Everglades was only 2.2 cm, so it was not surprising that storks in our study selected prey larger than what was available in the natural wetland landscape, which is consistent with earlier studies in South Florida (Ogden et al. 1976;Klassen and Gawlik 2018) and in other regions (Depkin et al. 1992;Ramo and Busto 1992;González 1997;Bryan and Gariboldi 1998). ...
- Citing Article
August 1992
Ornithological Applications
... The scarlet ibis feed on fish, aquatic insects, and molluscs (Miller and Fowler 2015). However, local differences in prey allow for site-specific food preferences, such as consuming mostly insects in Llanos grasslands in Columbia, mainly small crabs and molluscs on the coast of Suriname, fiddler crabs in Trinidad, and feeding on more fish and fiddler crabs in saltwater than in freshwater habitats (Aguilera et al. 1993). In preparation for nesting, high activity in the feeding of scarlet ibises is needed as a pre-reproductive build-up of fat (Babbith 2008). ...
- Citing Article
August 1993
Ornithological Applications
... Alternatively, Webb et al. (1992) and Hernandez et al. (2010a) reported an optimum of 0.09 m 2 / animal for rearing C. porosus and C. intermedius, respectively. These variations in recommended densities highlight the species-specific requirements related to breeding conditions, including food quantity, nutritional demands, living area requirements, water depth, temperature, and stocking density (Ramo et al., 1992). ...
- Citing Article
December 1992
Biological Conservation