Beatriz Aguilar-Yamuza’s research while affiliated with University of Córdoba and other places

Introduction The aim of this study was to comprehensively review existing treatments for impulsivity and compulsivity in non-substance addictions, driven by the importance of these factors in addictive disorder development and treatment efficacy. Methods A systematic review carried out following PRISMA guidelines identified 14 articles from a total of 764 studies, highlighting the limited literature that is available on psychological treatments for non-substance addictions, in particular studies focusing on impulsivity and compulsivity. The studies were categorized by behavioral addiction type. Results For compulsive sexual behavior and problematic pornography use, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown significant improvements in compulsivity. In gambling disorder, interventions like cognitive bias modification and motivational interviewing combined with CBT have been effective in reducing impulsivity. Cognitive-behavioral therapy was advocated for compulsive shopping, although results varied. For problematic internet use, dialectical behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy have been effective in addressing impulsivity. Despite literature supporting CBT for most behavioral addictions, the review noted that some articles indicate that dialectical behavior therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy were also effective for problematic internet use, suggesting different underlying mechanisms for this type of addiction. Discussion It also highlighted limitations, including the small number of studies and the lack of standardized assessment measures. Further research is needed to understand underlying mechanisms and develop tailored treatments for impulsivity and compulsivity in non-substance addictions. These findings offer new directions for research and intervention guidelines in behavioral addictions.

Introduction People with language difficulties cannot face challenges related to social skills. Those language disorders affect academic, work environments, and social interaction, leading to maladaptive and aggressive behaviors. Young inmates are at high risk of experiencing unrecognized language deficiencies. It is, therefore, necessary to analyze linguistic pathologies that can influence criminal behavior (drugs possession/consumption and gender violence crimes). There are many standardized tests to evaluate and detect language difficulties in adults in English. However, there are relatively few options in Spanish; there are no tests that evaluate language qualitatively and in depth. Most of the research is conducted with children and adolescents. Objectives To propose a reliable coding system for the correction and interpretation of narratives (essays and narratives) from the Battery for the Evaluation of Writing Processes (PROESC) in the prisoners charged of drugs possession or consumption and gender violence crimes. Design The sample was composed of 287 men. Main outcome measures They completed the Demographic, Offense, and Behavioral Interview in Institutions, the International Personality Disorders Examination (IPDE), and PROESC. Results We found that the proposed coding system presented high concordance, that is, high inter-rater reliability. Conclusion The classification system for the correction and interpretation of narratives was shown to be reliable.

Los objetivos de esta investigación son: 1) crear un instrumento válido y fiable que permita evaluar la percepción del riesgo que tienen del uso de la tecnología (móvil, Internet y videojuegos) niños y adolescentes; y 2) analizar la frecuencia con la que se dan algunas conductas de riesgo en función de la percepción, el uso de la tecnología y la edad. 807 niños y adolescentes de la provincia de Córdoba (España) respondieron una batería ad hoc que recoge información sobre datos sociodemográficos; uso problemático del móvil, internet y videojuegos; y percepción de riesgo con la “Escala de percepción del riesgo del uso de la tecnología para niños y adolescentes” (EPRUT). Los resultados indican que a partir del análisis factorial, la EPRUT cuenta con tres dimensiones que hacen referencia al móvil, Internet y videojuegos. Se han observado diferencias en función de la edad y la percepción de riesgo. Evaluar la percepción del riesgo favorecerá la detección y el desarrollo de programas de prevención de uso de la tecnología en niños y adolescentes.

The aim of this work is 1) to create a valid, reliable instrument with which to evaluate the risk perception of children and adolescents regarding their use of technology (cell phones, Internet, and video games); and 2) to analyze the frequency with which some risk behaviors occur in relation to perception, technology use and age. 807 children and adolescents from the province of Cordoba (Spain) answered an ad hoc questionnaire with several instruments: sociodemographic data; problematic use of cell phones, Internet, and video games; and risk perception with the Scale on Risk Perception of Technology Use for children and adolescents (EPRUT). The results obtained from the factor analysis reveal that the RPSTU has three dimensions, related to cell phones, Internet, and video games, respectively. Differences were observed in the relationship between age and risk perception, with older people having the highest risk perception. Assessing risk perception will favor the detection and development of prevention programs for the use of technology in children and adolescents.

Objective: Several studies have highlighted that internalizing problems have not received all the attention it deserves because they are not visible in children’s observable behavior. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between differences in parenting prac tices and internalizing problems in children and adolescents. Methods: Our study sample consisted of 554 children (288 boys and 266 girls) between 3 and 13 years of age who participated in the study. Their respective parents provided the information about them. The instruments used have been the Behavioral Assessment System for Children and Adolescents and parenting style, defined according to the Parental Parenting Questionnaire. The Parenting Questionnaire considers 7 factors: social and emotional support received by a mother or father, satisfaction with parenting, involve ment, communication, limit setting, autonomy, and role orientation. Results: The results showed that children with high scores in internalizing problems tended to have parents with low levels of support, limit setting, and autonomy, along with low levels of maternal satisfaction with parenting. A regression analysis was also conducted, producing a model capable of predicting 14% of the variance in internalizing problems. The model was based on the following parenting variables: maternal support, autonomy and satisfaction with parenting, and paternal limit setting and role orientation. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the information obtained is very useful for the design of parenting programs related to certain aspects of current educational practice. Furthermore, parents’ responses to the instruments used revealed patterns of behavior that can be modified in both parents and children.

Relationship among parenting style and depression and anxiety in children aged 3 - 13 years old. Despite its low visibility, internalizing problems are increasingly present in children, and they are often associated to inadequate parenting patterns. This paper analyses a possible existing relationship between depression and anxiety in children, reported by parents through the BASC (Behaviour Assessment System for Children), and the parenting style according to the PCRI (Parent-Child Relationship Inventory), along with different family variables. In this study 554 children (288 male and 266 female) aged 3-13 years old participated. The results show that children with higher depression scores were more likely to have parents with a low level of support, satisfaction with parenting, involvement, communication, autonomy and limit setting of both parents, along with a low role orientation by their mothers. Children with high anxiety scores were more likely to have parents who have low level of support, limit setting and autonomy, along with a low level of satisfaction with parenting and role orientation in the mother. Furthermore, the regression analysis sheds models capable of predicting 31% of the variance of depression and 16% of the variance for the anxiety model. Finally, we discuss the utility of the results for the design of guide programmes based upon concrete aspects of the daily educational practice.