B Cavanaugh’s research while affiliated with Harrington Discovery Institute and other places

In 3.25% of 400 consecutive double-contrast upper gastrointestinal examinations, a prominent fold in the prepyloric gastric antrum that extends through the pylorus into the base of the duodenal bulb has been identified. Although the clinical significance of this fold is undetermined, endoscopic evaluation suggests it is a manifestation of chronic gastritis. This fold may simulate other entities, but can be distinguished by its characteristic features. Proper recognition may prevent unnecessary procedures such as endoscopy and biopsy.

One hundred normal posteroanterior chest radiographs were reviewed to determine the frequency of appearance and characteristics of the anterior segmental bronchi of the upper lobes. The bronchus was visible as a sharp circle on the right in 45% of normals, and on the left in 50%. In 90% of normals, there is less than 3 mm of tissue lateral to the bronchus. In 10% of normals, pulmonary vessels may cause 3-5 mm of tissue lateral to the bronchus. Four cases of bronchogenic carcinoma were found to have more than 5 mm of tissue lateral to the bronchus. The presence of more than 5 mm of tissue lateral to the anterior segmental bronchus is termed the "anterior bronchus sign" and is a helpful clue to recognizing hilar region abnormality.