Azharul Islam Khan's research while affiliated with International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh and other places

... A study on the 1965-2006 seventh pandemic El Tor strains from China revealed new ctxB genotypes as () with the presence of tcpA El , rstR Cl , rstR El+Cl , rstR El , rstR232 and rtxC (Zhang et al., 2013). Other studies on 1996-2012 Chinese cholera outbreak (Ansaruzzaman et al., 2007;Ansaruzzaman et al., 2004;Ceccarelli et al., 2011;Hounmanou et al., 2019a;Hounmanou et al., 2019b;Kachwamba et al., 2017;Mahmud et al., 2014;Marin et al., 2013;Mercy et al., 2014;Quilici et al., 2010;Weill et al., 2017;Ngwa et al., n.d.;Lee et al., 2006;Abana et al., 2019;Irenge et al., 2020;Saidi et al., 2014) , ICEVchBan5, ICEVchBan9, VC1786ICE Bhuyan et al., 2016;Das et al., 2016;Ghosh et al., 2017;Ghosh et al., 2014a;Ghosh et al., 2014b;Ghosh-Banerjee et al., 2010;Goel et al., 2008;Jain et al., 2013;Koley et al., 2014;Kumar et al., 2018;Kumar et al., 2014a;Kumar et al., 2014b;Kumar et al., 2020;Naha et al., 2012;Pal et al., 2017;Pal et al., 2013;Samanta et al., 2018;Taneja et al., 2009;Bhattacharya et al., 2016;Kumar et al., 2016;Kutar et al., 2013 isolates revealed the presence of seventh pandemic Atypical El Tor variants with genotypes, antimicrobial resistance profile and the presence of SXT element as shown in Table 2. ...

... health workers are available and provide with adequate medical resources [3]. Unfortunately, mortality rates remain way too high in several areas of the developing countries including Zimbabwe that recorded 4.3% case fatality rate during the 2008-2009cholera outbreak [4]. ...

... An outbreak in Haiti following the 2010 earthquake infected nearly 700,000 people and has caused over 8,500 deaths (4). In a 2008 epidemic in Zimbabwe, more than 90,000 suspected cholera cases were reported, with more than 4,000 patient deaths (5). ...

... While improvements to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) have eliminated cholera in Europe and North America, the disease remains endemic in at least 47 countries [48], resulting in an estimated 1.3 to 4.0 million cases and 21,000 to 143,000 deaths annually worldwide [47]. Large outbreaks of cholera have been documented following natural disasters or in war zones, as documented in Haiti [16] or Yemen [7], and multiple countries in Africa have seen a growing number of outbreaks in the past few years [32]. Current interventions to control and prevent cholera include cholera vaccines, administration 1 of oral rehydration solutions, investments in WASH, and improvement of health systems [48]. ...

... Additional sites are mostly for delivery of primary health care services either known as satellite clinics or static health facilities. In rural areas, EPI services are delivered once a month and vaccines are administered free of charge in these places [10][11][12][13][14]. Although the success of EPI is well-acclaimed approximately 1.5 million children die each year because of vaccine-preventable diseases [15]. ...

... Several research have been carried out in Haor area, studying the impact of flash floods on crop production (Ahmed et al., 2017;Khan et al., 2012;Shaw, 2018), assessing quality of peoples knowledge for climate change adaptation and livelihood exposure to climate change (Haque et al., 2017;Rahman et al., 2018), determining the child immunization coverage and maternal health care seeking behavior (Haque et al., 2016;Uddin et al., 2009) and so on in the past, but no study has explored how flash floods may affect the food security of the flood-affected people of this region. Therefore, there is a lack of evidences on this issue, which is of utmost importance for developing programs and policies to combat food insecurity effectively at emergency situations like post flash flood scenario. ...

... A 1-year observational study of 20,246 children (aged 3-59 months) with diarrhea observed that regurgitation and/or vomiting occurred in 4392 (21.8%) cases. However, this phenomenon was transient and did not affect the continuation of zinc treatment [33]. According to meta-analyses of randomized, controlled intervention trials on children, the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) advocate for the regular use of zinc in treating children under the age of five with acute diarrhea, irrespective of its cause. ...