Axel Schulz's research while affiliated with Institute for Applied Ecology and other places

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Publications (4)

Measuring bird and bat collision and avoidance.
Chapter
  • Aug 2019
This chapter collates the scope and limitations of technology and methods to quantify the density, identity, flight height and behaviour of bats and birds in the offshore environment, including both seabirds and migratory landbirds such as passerines and waterfowl. Such information is needed because offshore wind-farm development has reached the in...
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Figure 1. Maps showing the location of (a) Falsterbo in Scandinavia...
Figure 2. Departure time for birds that (a) passed and (b) did not pass...
Table 2 Final logistic regression of factors affecting the probability...
Figure 3. Relation between observed flight time to FINO 2 and (a)...
Figure A1. Illustration of the extended fat scale used at Falsterbo...
Weather and fuel reserves determine departure and flight decisions in passerines migrating across the Baltic Sea
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 2015
Departure decisions of how and when to leave a stopover site may be of critical importance for the migration performance of birds. We used an automated radiotelemetry system at Falsterbo peninsula, Sweden, to study stopover behaviour and route choice in free-flying passerines departing on flights across the Baltic Sea during autumn migration. In ad...
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Ecological Research at the Offshore Windfarm alpha ventus
Chapter
  • Apr 2014
Most birds migrate at night and may be at risk of colliding with artificial structures that protrude into the open airspace. Collision risk assessments concerning offshore windfarms have been routinely based on discontinuous observations from ships. Dedicated avian radar systems installed close to the operational offshore windfarm alpha ventus, how...
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Citations

... Out at sea, there are several methodological, technical, and/or logistical challenges to monitor bird migration (Molis et al. 2019). One major challenge particularly concerning songbirds, is their predominantly nocturnal migration (e.g. ...
Reference: Underestimated scale of songbird offshore migration across the south-eastern North Sea during autumn
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... Several radar systems have been used in the context of bird detection at wind turbine installations. A first example is the bird scan radar proposed in [4] which is used to monitor bird migration through a wind farm. In addition, Wasserzier et al. [5] demonstrated bird monitoring in wind farms. ...
Reference: Radar-based Detection of Birds at Wind Turbine Installations: Results from a Field Study
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... Despite long-held predictions that songbirds should initiate migratory flights during a narrow window of time after sunset and their demonstrated ability to do so in captivity, observations of individual birds in the wild have repeatedly failed to match theory or captive studies. The general pattern observed in wild songbirds thus far is that although many individuals depart within the first four hours after sunset, departure can occur at any time between sunset and sunrise [16,20,21,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Many factors have been hypothesized to account for variation in nocturnal departure time including age, sex, fuel load, parasite infection, the presence of ecological barriers, distance remaining to the migratory destination, and the type of movement initiated at departure [16,29,31,35,36]. ...
Reference: Songbirds initiate migratory flights synchronously relative to civil dusk
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