Astolfo Araujo’s research while affiliated with University of São Paulo and other places

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Publications (11)


Figura 2. Gráfico que apresenta estabilidade das observações nos tipos de antiplástico para a amostra do Sítio Mineração.
Figura 3. Estabilidade das observações de tipos de tratamento e acabamento de superfície externa para a amostra do Sítio Mineração.
Curva de acúmulo de espécies como teste de amostragem de sítios arqueológicos
  • Article
  • Full-text available

January 2025

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4 Reads

Revista de Arqueologia

Glauco Constantino Perez

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Mercedes Okumura

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Astolfo Araujo

O artigo introduz a Curva de Acúmulo de Espécies, método estatístico utilizado nas Ciências Biológicas e adaptado para Arqueologia, utilizado para mostrar indivíduos em áreas naturais, baseando-se na observação e contagem de indivíduos durante visitas aos espaços que estão sob análise. Na Arqueologia, o teste analisa os dados do sítio, identificando redundâncias de observações, o que possibilita uma análise mais eficiente, contribuindo para a otimização de pesquisas. Além disso, delinearemos um protocolo para a aplicação do método, que possa auxiliar nas possíveis interpretações dos resultados exemplificados por meio de estudos de caso nos sítios Mineração e Gramado, ambos associados à Tradição Tupiguarani no estado de São Paulo, apresentando potencial do uso desse tipo de teste estatístico em estudos arqueológicos.

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Figura 2. Quantitativo de figuras por classe representada.
As representações zoomórficas no estado de São Paulo, Brasil: uma análise temática e cenográfica Zoomorphic representations in the State of São Paulo, Brazil: a thematic and scenographic analysis

October 2024

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27 Reads

Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Ciências Humanas

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Maíra Rodrigues Lima

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[...]

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Astolfo Gomes de Mello Araujo

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar e discutir os dados sobre o estudo das representações de zoomorfos nos sítios com registros rupestres do estado de São Paulo. Conhecido por pesquisas arqueológicas voltadas a sambaquis e a materiais líticos, o estado de São Paulo apresenta poucos trabalhos em temáticas sobre pinturas e gravuras rupestres. Nos últimos anos, porém, vem crescendo o número de descobertas e de estudos baseados em sítios nessa temática. Com o objetivo de identificar similaridades e diferenças gráficas entre as figuras com características zoomórficas, a presente pesquisa partiu da análise da técnica, temática e cenografia dos painéis rupestres dos 55 sítios identificados no estado. Os resultados destacam um pequeno quantitativo dessas representações, em cenários pintados e gravados, com apenas 22 figuras, destacadas em nove sítios. Estão morfologicamente identificadas como cervídeos, aves, répteis e crustáceos, caracterizando-se por realizações gráficas isoladas em painéis, dominantemente marcados por representações não figurativas. Os animais representados destacam-se pelo pouco dinamismo e pelo escasso detalhamento anatômico. As figuras possuem um caráter hermético marcado.


The Oldowan of Zarqa Valley, Northern Jordan

January 2024

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660 Reads

Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology

The fluvial Dawqara Formation, upper Zarqa Valley, eastern side of Jordan Valley, is chronologically constrained between 2.52 and 1.98 Ma. Several artifact-bearing outcrops display a core and flake industry, with no handaxes nor planned flaking. Herein, we describe 40 artifacts from section 334 Lower, the earliest archeological site of the formation and one of the oldest Oldowan complexes outside Africa. Despite the occurrence of basalt rocks, all artifacts were made on chert cobbles displaying various degrees of abrasion due to fluvial transport. The industry is represented by 30 flakes and 10 cores and choppers, preferentially obtained on chert cobbles with massive-fan form, unifacially and bifacially flaked. Most of the flakes present plain or cortical platforms and show on their dorsal faces a unipolar production scheme. Eighteen flakes, from unipolar or undetermined cores, exhibit a discontinuous retouch, defining a denticulated or convex margin. The assemblage is compared to Oldowan or lower Acheulean complexes in and outside Africa, pointing to a rapid spread of unknown hominins with this flaking technology, possibly ascribable to an early Homo clade.



Confirmation of Starchy Plant Processing in Lagoa Santa by Paleoindian People: Results of Microrremain and Use-Wear Analysis at Lapa Grande de Taquaraçu

February 2023

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107 Reads

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2 Citations

PaleoAmerica

For decades, the importance of tuberous plants in central Brazil’s Paleoindian subsistence models has been indirectly inferred through dental and lithic analysis. However, little direct evidence about the consumption of this type of plant has been produced. In this report, we present some of the earliest evidence for starchy plant processing in the area. To do so, starch-grain and use-wear analyses were applied to lithics from the Lapa Grande de Taquaraçu site. This is a small limestone rock shelter located in an area bordering the Lagoa Santa micro-region (Minas Gerais State, Brazil), occupied from ca. 11,500 to 1000 calendar years ago. The presence of starch grains in almost every lithic artifact analyzed, together with use-wear marks, suggest their use in the processing of tuberous plants and, indirectly, the consumption of this type of vegetable resource among Paleoindian groups. Moreover, morphological modifications shown in some of the starch grains might indicate cooking or fermentation.


Figura 1. Localização do sítio arqueológico Abrigo do Alvo, Analândia, São Paulo. Mapa: LEVOC-MAE-USP (2021).
Figura 2. Planta do Abrigo do Alvo. Mapa: Astolfo Araujo (2018).
Registros rupestres na região central do estado de São Paulo: o Abrigo do Alvo, Analândia, São Paulo, Brasil

August 2022

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329 Reads

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2 Citations

Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Ciências Humanas

Resumo O Abrigo do Alvo, localizado no município de Analândia, São Paulo, apresenta registros rupestres, em sua maior parte compostos por gravuras, sobre substrato rochoso arenítico da Formação Botucatu. O abrigo foi originalmente registrado nos anos 1980 e, em 2012, novas intervenções foram realizadas no sítio, incluindo escavações e datações que inserem a ocupação mais antiga por volta de 7.500 anos cal AP. Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma análise detalhada dos registros rupestres localizados no Abrigo do Alvo, compostos majoritariamente por tridígitos, apresentando também linhas horizontais, linhas entrecruzadas, asteriscos, cúpules e figuras circulares. É abordado também o panorama geral do estado de conservação dos grafismos rupestres.


Robert C. Dunnell's Systematics in Prehistory at 50

April 2022

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357 Reads

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4 Citations

Evolutionary Human Sciences

2021 marked the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of Robert C. Dunnell's (1971) diminutive yet dense Systematics in Prehistory. At the height of the debate between Culture History and New Archaeology, Dunnell's work sought to address a more fundamental issue that was and still is relevant to all branches of prehistoric archaeology, and especially to the study of the Palaeolithic: systematics. Dunnell himself was notorious and controversial, however, but the importance of his work remains underappreciated. Like other precocious works of that tumultuous time Systematics in Prehistory today remains absent from most course reading lists and gathers dust on library shelves. In this contribution we argue for a greater appreciation of its as yet unfulfilled conceptual and analytical promise. In particular, we briefly chart its somewhat delayed impact via evolutionary archaeology, including how it has also influenced non-Anglophone traditions, especially in South America. The obstinate persistence of classification issues in palaeoanthropology and palaeoarchaeology, we argue, warrants a second look at Dunnell's Systematics.


Robert C. Dunnell’s "Systematics in Prehistory" at 50

April 2022

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91 Reads

Systematics in Prehistory. At the height of the debate between Culture History and New Archaeology, Dunnell’s work sought to address a more fundamental issue that was and still is relevant to all branches of prehistoric archaeology, and especially to the study of the Palaeolithic: systematics. Dunnell himself was notorious and controversial, however, but the importance of his work remains underappreciated. Like other precocious works of that tumultuous time Systematics in Prehistory today remains absent from most course reading lists and gathers dust on library shelves. In this contribution we argue for a greater appreciation of its as yet unfulfilled conceptual and analytical promise. In particular, we briefly chart its somewhat delayed impact via evolutionary archaeology, including how it has also influenced non-Anglophone traditions, especially in South America. The obstinate persistence of classification issues in palaeoanthropology and palaeoarchaeology, we argue, warrants a second look at Dunnell’s Systematics.


CARACTERIZAÇÃO E ANÁLISE DOS REGISTROS RUPESTRES DO SÍTIO SANTO ANTÔNIO, SERRA AZUL, SP - BRASIL

December 2021

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281 Reads

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1 Citation

Resumo: O Sítio Santo Antônio, localizado no município de Serra Azul-SP, possui gravuras rupestres posicionadas sobre substrato rochoso arenítico da Formação Botucatu. O abrigo foi originalmente registrado nos anos 1980 e, a partir de 2021, novas pesquisas estão sendo implementadas na região da bacia do rio Pardo com intuito de caracterizar os tipos gráficos típicos daquela região. Neste artigo será apresentada uma análise detalhada dos registros rupestres localizados no referido sítio, compostos por figuras reconhecíveis representadas por marcas de pés e, de forma majoritária, por figuras não reconhecíveis representados por tridígitos, conjuntos de linhas verticais paralelas e cúpules. O panorama geral do estado de conservação dos grafismos rupestres também será objeto de análise. Palavras-chaves: Gravuras rupestres; Tipos gráficos; Caracterização gráfica; São Paulo.



Citations (7)


... 3D geometric morphometric methods (GMMs) combined with a techno-structural perspective, holds the potential for mediate this type of research. More broadly, in others parts of Brazil 2D morphometrics had been successfully applied to Paleoamerican lithic technology [111,112]. The use of 3D models can facilitate and objectify comparisons among researchers working on shared digital models, and allows to examine large assemblages of items using advanced statistical methods as has already been demonstrated in other contexts [18,19,21,25,37,[113][114][115][116][117]. ...

Reference:

Techno-structural and 3-D geometric morphometric analysis applied for investigating the variability of Holocene unifacial tools in tropical Central Brazil
Benchmarking methods and data for the whole-outline geometric morphometric analysis of lithic tools

Evolutionary Anthropology Issues News and Reviews

... Diante do potencial arqueológico da região e da diversidade de grafismos que já haviam sido identificados no estado, sabia-se que este era um universo reduzido e que, se prospecções fossem intensificadas, tendo como base as áreas onde já havia sítios cadastrados, esse quantitativo poderia ser ampliado (Amaral et al., 2022;Perazzo et al., 2021). Desse modo, foram efetuadas pesquisas sistemáticas, que tiveram como referências dados geológicos, geomorfológicos e arqueológicos, as quais permitiram a identificação de 55 sítios com grafismos rupestres (Amaral & Araujo, 2023). ...

CARACTERIZAÇÃO E ANÁLISE DOS REGISTROS RUPESTRES DO SÍTIO SANTO ANTÔNIO, SERRA AZUL, SP - BRASIL

... Starch analysis of the lithic instruments from the Early Holocene contexts of the Lapa Grande de Taquaraçu rock shelter revealed the exploitation of Dioscorea sp. (yams) and Arecaceae (palms) and it was able to demonstrate that the instruments were used to process both plant and animal resources (Angeles Flores, 2015;Angeles Flores et al., 2016;2023). ...

Confirmation of Starchy Plant Processing in Lagoa Santa by Paleoindian People: Results of Microrremain and Use-Wear Analysis at Lapa Grande de Taquaraçu

PaleoAmerica

... Diante do potencial arqueológico da região e da diversidade de grafismos que já haviam sido identificados no estado, sabia-se que este era um universo reduzido e que, se prospecções fossem intensificadas, tendo como base as áreas onde já havia sítios cadastrados, esse quantitativo poderia ser ampliado (Amaral et al., 2022;Perazzo et al., 2021). Desse modo, foram efetuadas pesquisas sistemáticas, que tiveram como referências dados geológicos, geomorfológicos e arqueológicos, as quais permitiram a identificação de 55 sítios com grafismos rupestres (Amaral & Araujo, 2023). ...

Registros rupestres na região central do estado de São Paulo: o Abrigo do Alvo, Analândia, São Paulo, Brasil

Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Ciências Humanas

... Archaeology is another human science in which phylogenetic analysis has gained some traction in recent decades. Spurred by the development of, initially, the notion of the extended phenotype and later the emergence of cultural evolutionary theory [16,17], archaeologists have adopted phylogenetic methods to model and understand material culture evolution [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]-Bayesian phylogenetic methods, however, remain the exception [27][28][29][30][31]. Humanly made objects-artefacts-can be described in many ways and archaeologists have devised countless, often not readily compatible qualitative and quantitative ways of doing so. Chief among these is typology, a pre-computational and essentialist classification practice that partitions variation into presumed average forms [32,33]. ...

Robert C. Dunnell's Systematics in Prehistory at 50

Evolutionary Human Sciences

... However, the fact that some areas show apparent depopulation where others do not, suggests at least patterns that need to be addressed in future investigations, and should be taken into account in archaeological explanations, going beyond the "people's choice" commonsensical perspective. The acknowledgment that large areas were depopulated during various periods throughout the Holocene helps to explain the large expanses of territory that have been occupied by distinct human groups since the Pleistocene transition in Eastern South America (see [199,229] for an in-depth discussion). Such large territories as we see archaeologically are probably the outcome of strategies that prioritized territorial mapping and changing the focal area of occupation, rather than promoting new subsistence or intensification strategies. ...

Correction to: Cultural Taxonomies in Eastern South America: Historical Review and Perspectives

Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology

... There were no other criteria but the presence of these points, regardless of their shape and/or technology, to classify a Brazilian site as "Umbu Tradition"da very similar practice to the one that resulted in the definition of the Western Stemmed Point Tradition in North America (Smith et al., 2019). However, current studies have challenged the "Umbu Tradition" definition, suggesting that hunter-gatherers from meridional Brazil present a high diversity of cultures and technologies, although they share the cultural aspect of producing lithic points (Araujo and Okumura, 2021;Moreno de Sousa and Okumura, 2020). Some of these cultures are currently known in meridional Brazil as Rioclarense, in central São Paulo state, dating between 11,000 and 7000 cal BP (Moreno de Sousa, 2020; Moreno de Sousa and Okumura, 2020; Araujo and Okumura, 2021); Tunas, in eastern Paraná State, dating between 11,000 and 8000 cal BP (Moreno de Sousa, 2020; Moreno de Sousa and Okumura, 2020); and Garivaldinense, in central and eastern Rio Grande do Sul state, dating between 11,000 and 2500 cal BP (Moreno de Sousa, 2020; Moreno de Sousa and Garcia, 2022) (Fig. 8). ...

Cultural Taxonomies in Eastern South America: Historical Review and Perspectives

Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology