Ash Narayan Sah’s research while affiliated with Rayat Institute of Engineering & Information Technology and other places

Information Technology (IT) firms are structured internally into various components to provide customized services to their customers. Owing to the significance of internal structure, the objective of the paper is to study quarterly efficiency of five IT software companies (Infosys, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Wipro, Cognizant and Accenture) based on components like FSI (Banking, Financial, Securities, and Insurance), MFG (Manufacturing), RCL (Retail, Consumer Packaged Goods, and Logistics), ERU (Energy, Utilities and Resources), CME (Communication, Media, and Entertainment) and LSH (Life Sciences and Health Care Services) using multi-component data envelopment analysis. Results obtained establish that Infosys is the most efficient company followed by Cognizant and Accenture while TCS and Wipro are inefficient in some of the components. Empirical results show that the companies performed efficiently in FSI, RCL and CME components whereas ERU, LSH and MFG components require improvement. Further, the geography-wise efficiency trends indicate that the selected companies are more efficient in the rest of the world as compared to the European and North American regions. These findings will help IT firms in identifying their inefficient components and provide guidance in formulating strategies for improvements. Moreover, other domestic and foreign firms may also learn from the findings of the study.

Background: The Information Technology (IT) industry of India has proved its capabilities in delivering both on- and off-shore services to clients globally over the years. However, the technological advances and innovations taking place at the global level not only present a whole new range of growth prospects, but also challenges for this highly competitive industry. Moreover, the IT sector of India also witnessed the economic recession in 2008, which had an adverse impact on the prospects of this industry. In this scenario, it is imperative for Indian IT companies not only to maintain their focus on increasing their technical efficiencies, but also to deal with the increased competition emanating from the Asia Pacific region. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the relative efficiency of the top 18 selected Indian IT software service companies in order to determine benchmarks, output slacks and target settings. Methods: Data envelopment analysis has been used for achieving the stated objective. Results: The paper found mixed trends in efficiency. The top five IT companies exhibited higher efficiency as compared to the rest of the selected IT companies. Tata Consultancy Services, HCL Technologies Ltd. and Tech Mahindra Ltd. are more efficient while Infosys Ltd. and Mphasis have lower efficiency. Conclusion: The inefficient companies have to increase their workers' productivity to become more efficient, and have to catch-up and follow the best practices of the benchmark company HCL.

This paper studies the impact of demographic factors on the performance of women‐owned micro‐enterprises in North India. Data were collected from 100 women entrepreneurs through self‐structured questionnaire using stratified random sampling technique. Sales turnover and net profit margin are taken as dependent variables. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to study the impact of various demographic factors. The results indicate registration status, legal ownership, nature of business, age, education, family income, size of business and employees positively affect the net profits and sales turnover of the enterprises. However, the numbers of products offered have a negative effect on the sales and net profits margin. The factors identified in this study, which have a positive impact on the net profits and sales turnover, are important in making entrepreneurial decisions that can enhance the performance and may help for economical production.