September 2024
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90 Reads
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
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September 2024
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90 Reads
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
July 2023
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235 Reads
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11 Citations
Studies in Mycology
Mycoparasites in Basidiomycota comprise a diverse group of fungi, both morphologically and phylogenetically. They interact with their hosts through either fusion-interaction or colacosome-interaction. Colacosomes are subcellular structures formed by the mycoparasite at the host–parasite interface, which penetrate the parasite and host cell walls. Previously, these structures were detected in 19 fungal species, usually by means of transmission electron microscopy. Most colacosome-forming species have been assigned to Microbotryomycetes ( Pucciniomycotina , Basidiomycota ), a highly diverse class, comprising saprobic yeasts, mycoparasites, and phytoparasites. In general, these myco- and phytoparasites are dimorphic organisms, with a parasitic filamentous morph and saprobic yeast morph. We investigated colacosome-forming mycoparasites based on fungarium material, freshly collected specimens, and cultures of yeast morphs. We characterised the micromorphology of filamentous morphs, the physiological characteristics of yeast morphs, and inferred phylogenetic relationships based on DNA sequence data from seven loci. We outline and employ an epifluorescence-based microscopic method to assess the presence and organisation of colacosomes. We describe five new species in the genus Colacogloea , the novel dimorphic mycoparasite Mycogloiocolax gerardii , and provide the first report of a sexual, mycoparasitic morph in Colacogloea philyla and in the genus Slooffia . We detected colacosomes in eight fungal species, which brings the total number of known colacosome-forming fungi to 27. Finally, we revealed three distinct types of colacosome organisation in Microbotryomycetes .
February 2023
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55 Reads
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8 Citations
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
January 2023
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716 Reads
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11 Citations
Journal of Fungi
Fungi are diverse organisms that occupy important niches in natural settings and agricultural settings, acting as decomposers, mutualists, and parasites and pathogens. Interactions between fungi and other organisms, specifically invertebrates, are understudied. Their numbers are also severely underestimated. Invertebrates exist in many of the same spaces as fungi and are known to engage in fungal feeding or mycophagy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive, global view of mycophagy in invertebrates to bring attention to areas that need more research, by prospecting the existing literature. Separate searches on the Web of Science were performed using the terms “mycophagy” and “fungivore”. Invertebrate species and corresponding fungal species were extracted from the articles retrieved, whether the research was field- or laboratory-based, and the location of the observation if field-based. Articles were excluded if they did not list at least a genus identification for both the fungi and invertebrates. The search yielded 209 papers covering seven fungal phyla and 19 invertebrate orders. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are the most represented fungal phyla whereas Coleoptera and Diptera make up most of the invertebrate observations. Most field-based observations originated from North America and Europe. Research on invertebrate mycophagy is lacking in some important fungal phyla, invertebrate orders, and geographic regions.
August 2022
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204 Reads
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15 Citations
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
This work describes the development of a novel method for quantitative mapping of Hg and Se in mushroom fruit body tissues with laser ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Different parameters of the protocol for preparation of the standards used for quantification via external calibration were assessed, e.g., the dissolution temperature of gelatin standards and the addition of chitosan and l -cysteine as additives to the gelatin-based calibration droplets to better match the sample matrix. While chitosan was not suited for this purpose, the presence of l -cysteine considerably improved the figures of merit of the calibration, leading to limits of detection of 0.006 and 0.3 µg g ⁻¹ for Hg and Se, respectively, at a pixel size of 20 × 20 µm. Further, an in-house reference material, ideally suited for the validation of the method for application to mushroom samples, was successfully prepared from a paste of Boletus edulis . The newly developed method was used to investigate the distribution of Hg and Se in tissue sections of five porcini mushroom individuals of three different species ( Boletus edulis , Boletus aereus , and Boletus pinophilus ) and one sample of a parasol mushroom ( Macrolepiota procera ) . For one sample, additional areas were ablated at higher spatial resolution, with a laser spot size down to 5 µm, which allows a detailed investigation of the spatial distribution of Hg and Se in mushrooms. Graphical abstract
April 2022
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98 Reads
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4 Citations
Journal of the Indian Chemical Society
In order to contribute to the valorisation of wild fungi whose nutritional potential, although considerable, is not sufficiently known in some countries such as Togo, a study has been carried out on Russula species. The diversity of Russula species from Alédjo Wildlife Reserve has been assessed using a focused inventory in woodlands dominated by Isoberlinia doka Craib & Stapf, Isoberlinia tomentosa (Harms) Craib & Stapf, Monotes kerstingii Gilg, Uapaca togoensis Pax and gallery forests dominated by Berlinia grandiflora (Vahl) Hutch & Dalz and Uapaca guineensis Müll. Ethnomycological surveys have been carried out among Tém and Kabyè, two riparian ethnic groups that are mainly represented. Biochemical analyses have been carried out using the AOAC method. Fifteen (15) taxa of edible Russula species are commonly used by Tém and Kabyè people living along the Alédjo Wildlife Reserve among which thirteen (13) taxa have been identified up to species level. R. oleifera is eaten by all interviewed people in both sociolinguistic groups (Fr = 100%) followed by R. compressa (Fr = 92.31%), R. ochrocephala (Fr = 87.18%) among Tém people and R. ochrocephala (Fr = 91.67%), R. compressa (Fr = 83.33%) among Kabyè people. Five (05) new species of edible Russula have been identified for the first time in Togo. The Russula species analysed have been rich in macronutrients with contents ranging from 2.88 g/100 g of dw for fat to 65.83 g/100 g of dw for total carbohydrates. In addition, these Russula species have shown a relatively high mineral content with contents ranging from 405.70 mg/100 g of dw for Ca to 2784 mg/100 g of dw for K. Furthermore, the results have revealed that Russula species analysed are a source of energy with 309.50 Kcal/100 g of dw. The edible Russula species analysed can thus contribute to food security in Togo.
April 2022
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128 Reads
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5 Citations
Journal of Phycology
Trentepohliales are a group of both free‐living and lichenized algae, with most diversity occurring in tropical regions. Recent studies showed that the abundance of lichens with a trentepohlioid photobiont has been increasing in temperate habitats, probably because of global warming, which makes them an interesting study case. A detailed molecular study of the diversity of lichenized Trentepohliales, epiphytic as well as epilithic, was performed in three forests of north‐western Europe. Additional samples of lichens of the Arthoniales order (associating essentially with a trentepohlioid photobiont) from other European regions and from other continents were also sequenced. A total of 195 algal sequences were obtained. Phylogenetic analyses with rbcL and ITS loci were performed and association between phylogenetic distances of photobionts and ecological factors (substratum, climate or Wirth indices, mycobiont taxonomy and geographic location) were tested by variation partitioning and phylogenetic signal analyses. The high number of rbcL algal haplotypes found in some lichens or on different substrata revealed that the Trentepohliales diversity in extratropical regions was underestimated. The phylogenetic patterns showed selectivity of some photobionts in their fungal partner choice and vice‐versa, while others were linked with several haplotypes. Photobionts seemed to be less selective than mycobionts. The main factors influencing lichenized algal community were climate and mycobiont species. Coevolution between mycobionts and photobionts as well as switching between free living and lichenized lifestyles appeared to drive the evolution of Trentepohliales and might explain the high cryptic diversity observed, which might be changing in some regions due to climate change.
June 2021
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1,796 Reads
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12 Citations
Fungal Systematics and Evolution
Fungi are a large and hyper-diverse group with major taxa present in every ecosystem on earth. However, compared to other eukaryotic organisms, their diversity is largely understudied. Since the rise of molecular techniques, new lineages are being discovered at an increasing rate, but many are not accurately characterised. Access to comprehensive and reliable taxonomic information of organisms is fundamental for research in different disciplines exploring a variety of questions. A globally dominant ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal family in terrestrial ecosystems is the Russulaceae (Russulales, Basidiomycota) family. Amongst the mainly agaricoid Russulaceae genera, the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactifluus was historically least studied due to its largely tropical distribution in many underexplored areas and the apparent occurrence of several species complexes. Due to increased studies in the tropics, with a focus on this genus, knowledge on Lactifluus grew. We demonstrate here that Lactifluus is now one of the best-known ECM genera. This paper aims to provide a thorough overview of the current knowledge of Lactifluus, with information on diversity, distribution, ecology, phylogeny, taxonomy, morphology, and ethnomycological uses of species in this genus. This is a result of our larger study, aimed at building a comprehensive and complete dataset or taxonomic framework for Lactifluus, based on molecular, morphological, biogeographical, and taxonomical data as a tool and reference for other researchers. Citation: De Crop E, Delgat L, Nuytinck J, Halling RE, Verbeken A (2021). A short story of nearly everything in Lactifluus (Russulaceae). Fungal Systematics and Evolution 7: 133–164. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2021.07.07
December 2020
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991 Reads
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13 Citations
Journal of Fungi
Parasitism is one of the most diverse and abundant modes of life, and of great ecological and evolutionary importance. Notwithstanding, large groups of parasites remain relatively understudied. One particularly unique form of parasitism is hyperparasitism, where a parasite is parasitized itself. Bats (Chiroptera) may be parasitized by bat flies (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea), obligate blood-sucking parasites, which in turn may be parasitized by hyperparasitic fungi, Laboulbeniales (Ascomycota: Laboulbeniomycetes). In this study, we present the global tritrophic associations among species within these groups and analyze their host specificity patterns. Bats, bat flies, and Laboulbeniales fungi are shown to form complex networks, and sixteen new associations are revealed. Bat flies are highly host-specific compared to Laboulbeniales. We discuss possible future avenues of study with regard to the dispersal of the fungi, abiotic factors influencing the parasite prevalence, and ecomorphology of the bat fly parasites.
June 2020
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3,218 Reads
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177 Citations
Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica, Cladosporium arenosum from marine sediment sand. Argentina, Kosmimatamyces alatophylus (incl. Kosmimatamyces gen. nov.) from soil. Australia, Aspergillus banksianus, Aspergillus kumbius, Aspergillus luteorubrus, Aspergillus malvicolor and Aspergillus nanangensis from soil, Erysiphe medicaginis from leaves of Medicago polymorpha, Hymenotorrendiella communis on leaf litter of Eucalyptus bicostata, Lactifluus albopicri and Lactifluus austropiperatus on soil, Macalpinomyces collinsiae on Eriachne benthamii, Marasmius vagus on soil, Microdochium dawsoniorum from leaves of Sporobolus natalensis, Neopestalotiopsis nebuloides from leaves of Sporobolus elongatus, Pestalotiopsis etonensis from leaves of Sporobolus jacquemontii, Phytophthora personensis from soil associated with dying Grevillea mccutcheonii. Brazil, Aspergillus oxumiae from soil, Calvatia baixaverdensis on soil, Geastrum calycicoriaceum on leaf litter, Greeneria kielmeyerae on leaf spots of Kielmeyera coriacea. Chile, Phytophthora aysenensis on collar rot and stem of Aristotelia chilensis. Croatia, Mollisia gibbospora on fallen branch of Fagus sylvatica. Czech Republic, Neosetophoma hnaniceana from Buxus sempervirens. Ecuador, Exophiala frigidotolerans from soil. Estonia, Elaphomyces bucholtzii in soil. France, Venturia paralias from leaves of Euphorbia paralias. India, Cortinarius balteatoindicus and Cortinarius ulkhagarhiensis on leaf litter. Indonesia, Hymenotorrendiella indonesiana on Eucalyptus urophylla leaf litter. Italy, Penicillium taurinense from indoor chestnut mill. Malaysia, Hemileucoglossum kelabitense on soil, Satchmopsis pini on dead needles of Pinus tecunumanii. Poland, Lecanicillium praecognitum on insects’ frass. Portugal, Neodevriesia aestuarina from saline water. Republic of Korea, Gongronella namwonensis from freshwater. Russia, Candida pellucida from Exomias pellucidus, Heterocephalacria septentrionalis as endophyte from Cladonia rangiferina, Vishniacozyma phoenicis from dates fruit, Volvariella paludosa from swamp. Slovenia, Mallocybe crassivelata on soil. South Africa, Beltraniella podocarpi, Hamatocanthoscypha podocarpi, Coleophoma podocarpi and Nothoseiridium podocarpi (incl. Nothoseiridium gen. nov.) from leaves of Podocarpus latifolius, Gyrothrix encephalarti from leaves of Encephalartos sp., Paraphyton cutaneum from skin of human patient, Phacidiella alsophilae from leaves of Alsophila capensis, and Satchmopsis metrosideri on leaf litter of Metrosideros excelsa. Spain, Cladophialophora cabanerensis from soil, Cortinarius paezii on soil, Cylindrium magnoliae from leaves of Magnolia grandiflora, Trichophoma cylindrospora (incl. Trichophoma gen. nov.) from plant debris, Tuber alcaracense in calcareus soil, Tuber buendiae in calcareus soil. Thailand, Annulohypoxylon spougei on corticated wood, Poaceascoma filiforme from leaves of unknown Poaceae. UK, Dendrostoma luteum on branch lesions of Castanea sativa, Ypsilina buttingtonensis from heartwood of Quercus sp. Ukraine, Myrmecridium phragmiticola from leaves of Phragmites australis. USA, Absidia pararepens from air, Juncomyces californiensis (incl. Juncomyces gen. nov.) from leaves of Juncus effusus, Montagnula cylindrospora from a human skin sample, Muriphila oklahomaensis (incl. Muriphila gen. nov.) on outside wall of alcohol distillery, Neofabraea eucalyptorum from leaves of Eucalyptus macrandra, Diabolocovidia claustri (incl. Diabolocovidia gen. nov.) from leaves of Serenoa repens, Paecilomyces penicilliformis from air, Pseudopezicula betulae from leaves of leaf spots of Betula sp. Vietnam, Diaporthe durionigena on branches of Durio zibethinus and Roridomyces pseudoirritans on rotten wood. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
... Most orders in the classes Agaricostilbomycetes, Cystobasidiomycetes, and Microbotryomycetes were resolved with high (> 90%) statistical support. In agreement with previous studies, LSU-based phylogeny did not fully resolve several clades Microbotryomycetes such as order Heterogastridiales, and families Chrysozymaceae and Colacogloeaceae (discussed in Schoutteten et al. 2023). ...
July 2023
Studies in Mycology
... With a growing number of young individuals engaging in higher learning and spending a substantial amount of their formative years on campus, it is crucial to recognize the importance of these spaces. Situated in urban areas, many universities and colleges boast expansive campuses with rich historical roots and substantial vegetation cover [53,54]. In the face of urbanization's impact, which has resulted in the demolition and relocation of numerous old districts [55,56], a fortunate majority of college campuses have managed to withstand these changes and remain preserved. ...
February 2023
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
... Fungi themselves engage in multiple interactions with other organismal groups, such as bacteria (Wargo and Hogan, 2006;Deveau et al., 2018), mammals (Elliott et al., 2022), birds (Elliott et al., 2019), and invertebrates (Santamaria et al., 2023), especially insects (Biedermann and Vega, 2020). Insect-fungal interactions, which are quite common and involve two of the most species-rich organismal groups on earth, are considered a significant part of the hidden, overlooked, and still undescribed fungal diversity (Blackwell and Vega, 2018). ...
January 2023
Journal of Fungi
... Instead, the doped liquid gelatin solution, first described by Šala et al. [53], is dropped onto a microscope slide. This can be done using pipettes, specially prepared inkjet printers, or in special molds [54][55][56][57][58]. ...
August 2022
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
... The mtSSU sequences (LC844108 from an ascoma and LC844109 from the mycelium) were not used in this phylogenetic analysis due to the lack of DNA sequencing data for related fungi. Taxa for (Borgato et al. 2022) (see Table 2). After removing sites with gaps, missing, and ambiguous sites, the final alignment consisting of 593 sites was used for the molecular phylogenetic analyses. ...
April 2022
Journal of Phycology
... virescens in West Bengal (Khatua et al., 2021). However, edible Russula species in Togo had lower protein concentrations (Nadjombé et al., 2022). Protein content is important in marketing because mushrooms contain more protein than vegetables (Ouzouni et al., 2009;Satyanarayana, Das, & Johri, 2019). ...
April 2022
Journal of the Indian Chemical Society
... (Russulales) have been described worldwide (Lee et al. 2018). A considerable number of novel Lactifluus species have been identified in the last decade (De Crop et al. 2021, Boonmee et al. 2021. They are generally known for their medicinal and nutritional properties and are considered promising fungi in the medical industry (Vieira et al. 2014). ...
June 2021
Fungal Systematics and Evolution
... In particular, terrestrial mammals have been one of the faunistic groups where species interactions with different floristic groups have been widely studied [3], and this has been the case for bats [4,5]. However, species interactions between bats and fungi a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 have been less studied, despite the fact that fungi comprise one the most diverse biological groups [6,7]. Studies relating species interactions between bats and fungi are restricted to a pathological perspective. ...
December 2020
Journal of Fungi
... Additionally, it includes several plant-associated species, for example N. queenslandica isolated from Scaevola taccada in Australia (Crous et al. 2011), N. cycadicola isolated from Cycas leaves in Italy (Crous et al. 2019); N. shakazului isolated from leaves of Aloe (Crous et al. 2012) and N. scadoxi, isolated from leaves of Scadoxus puniceus (Crous et al. 2023), both originating in South Africa. They are also present in marine environments, including N. aestuarina isolated from Ria de Aveiro in Portugal (Crous et al. 2020) and N. cladophorae and N. grateloupiae isolated from marine algae in China (Wang et al. 2018). ...
June 2020
Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi
... Recently, a new section, L. sect. Neotropicus was proposed by Duque Barbosa et al. 2020 which appeared to be monophyletic consisting of the species from the neotropical ecosystems. Apart from this, six more discrete clades have been recognised. ...
June 2020