Andree Saylendra’s scientific contributions

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is a major fungal pathogen responsible for Fusarium wilt disease in banana plants, significantly reducing productivity and leading to substantial economic losses. This study aimed to evaluate the biocontrol potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from Mimosa pudica L. against Foc through an in vitro assay. A completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments was employed, including a negative control (CP0), a positive control (CPF0), and two endophytic bacterial isolates from Mimosa pudica L. (BEP8 and BEP15), each with four replications. The antagonistic activity of these isolates was assessed using the dual culture method. The results demonstrated that BEP8 and BEP15 significantly inhibited Foc growth from 1 to 5 days after inoculation (DAI), with maximum inhibition rates observed on day 4, reaching 36.60% and 37.52%, respectively. These findings suggest that endophytic bacteria from Mimosa pudica possess potential as biocontrol agents against Foc. However, further molecular identification and greenhouse trials are necessary to confirm their efficacy in real-world applications.

Aphids (Aphis gossypii) are the primary pests that attack agricultural land in Indonesia. In addition to being pests, aphids can act as plant disease vectors. Controlling this pest is essential to increase crop productivity and maintain economic value. Farmers typically use synthetic insecticides for pest control. However, the continuous use of synthetic insecticides can lead to aphids developing resistance. This study aims to assess the resistance levels of aphids in Serang City to various synthetic insecticides. The study utilized five synthetic insecticide active ingredients: carbamates, organophosphates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, and flupyradifurone, at concentrations of 5%, 50%, 95%, and 100%. The study measured LT50, LT99, and LC50 values for each synthetic insecticide and observed morphological changes in aphids. The results indicated that aphids in agricultural areas of Serang sub-district, Serang City, showed resistance to organophosphate insecticides. Additionally, aphids in Cipocok sub-district, Serang City, were suspected of developing resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. Higher concentrations of insecticides resulted in faster pest mortality. Based on the LC50 values, carbamate and neonicotinoid insecticides are recommended for controlling aphid pests (Aphis gossypii). The study also observed changes in behavior and morphology of aphid pests following insecticide application.

The main problem in red chili production is the attack of pests and diseases, particularly anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum spp., which can reduce yields by up to 60% if not controlled. Control methods typically involve the use of fungicides; however, excessive use can lead to pathogen resistance and negative environmental impacts. Therefore, there is a need for more environmentally friendly control alternatives, such as the utilization of biocontrol agents like rhizobacteria. This study aims to evaluate the inhibitory capacity and potential of rhizobacteria in suppressing the growth of Colletotrichum sp. fungi. In the first phase, 20 rhizobacterial isolates were tested, and 5 isolates were selected for further testing in the second screening phase. The research employed a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design, consisting of 6 rhizobacterial treatments with 5 replications, resulting in a total of 30 experimental units. The best inhibitory capacity was observed in rhizobacterial isolate RB 5 (2.44%) and RB 2 (2.41%). All rhizobacterial isolates exhibited variations in colony characteristics, color, and staining results. Additionally, all tested isolates showed potential for phosphate (P) solubilization, indicated by the formation of clear zones around the rhizobacterial suspensions. The highest catalase enzyme production was observed in isolates RB 3 and RB 5. While the rhizobacterial isolate RB 3 demonstrated pathogenicity, as evidenced by the softening of potato tissue after being scratched with the isolate, it still maintained a good inhibitory effect against the growth of Colletotrichum sp.

Efektivitas pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis dapat diketahui dari mortalitas S. oryzae. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dosis dan interval waktu pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis memengaruhi mortalitas S. oryzae. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dua tempat, yaitu di Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Laboratorium Ilmu Dasar dan Perlindungan Tanaman, dan Jalan Raya Jakarta No.4 4/3, Kelurahan Panancangan, Kecamatan Cipocok Jaya, Kota Serang, Provinsi Banten. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2024 hingga Mei 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor, faktor pertama adalah dosis pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis yang memiliki 4 taraf percobaan: P0 = 0 (Kontrol), P1 = 7 gr, P2 = 15 gr, P3 = 21 gr. Faktor kedua adalah interval waktu pengamatan yang memiliki 3 taraf percobaan: W1 = 3 HSA, W2 = 7 HSA, W3 = 14 HSA. Kombinasi perlakuan yang dihasilkan sebanyak 12 kombinasi, setiap kombinasi diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga mendapatkan 36 unit percobaan. Pada setiap unit percobaan digunakan 10 ekor S. oryzae dan pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis dengan dosis yang telah ditentukan. Parameter pengamatan pada penelitian ini meliputi mortalitas S. oryzae (%), kerusakan tanaman padi (%), dan susut bobot (%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dosis pestisida nabati daun jeruk nipis dan interval waktu pengamatan efektif dalam mengendalikan S. oryzae. Dosis pestisida 7 g dan interval waktu pengamatan 14 HSA merupakan kombinasi perlakuan yang paling efektif terhadap mortalitas S. oryzae, dengan mortalitas S. oryzae sebesar 100%, kerusakan beras 0%, dan susut bobot 0%.

Endophytic fungi, particularly dark septate endophytes (DSE), have emerged as a promising and sustainable strategy for mitigating fungal pathogens in chili plants. Effective pathogen management is critical in chili production, as fungal infections can cause significant crop losses, reduce fruit quality, and decrease yield. While the use of endophytic fungi in plant protection has been explored in various crops, the potential of DSE as a biocontrol against fungal pathogens in chili plants remains unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of DSE fungi as biological antagonists against significant pathogens that cause destructive diseases in chili plants, using in vitro trials. The study was conducted from December 2023 to March 2024 at the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed, with a single factor—DSE treatment. Three treatments included D0 (control), DSE 411, and DSE 471. Four pathogenic species were tested: Fusarium oxysporum (Fo), Phytophthora capsici (Py), Colletotrichum capsici (Cc), and Alternaria sp. (Alt). Inhibition rates (IR) were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. The highest antagonistic activity was observed against C. capsici (Cc), with DSE 411 showing a mean value of IR of 77.54%, whereas DSE 471 exhibited a significantly higher IR of 90.26%. Macroscopic observations revealed the formation of clear zones around both DSE colonies, suggesting the mechanism of inhibition by antibiosis or the production of antifungal compounds. Microscopic analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed specific antagonistic mechanisms, including parasitism and competition, as key factors in pathogen suppression. These findings highlight the potential use of DSE fungi as effective biocontrol agents for managing major diseases in chili plants, offering a promising strategy for sustainable disease management and crop protection.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran kecerdasan buatan sebagai sumber motivasi bagi mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan tugas akhir skripsi. Dengan meningkatnya kompleksitas tugas akademik Dalam konteks peningkatan kompleksitas tugas akademik dan tingginya tekanan pada mahasiswa AI muncul sebagai salah satu alat untuk memberikan bantuan signifikannya dalam proses penelitian dan penulisan. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui wawancara mahasiswa fakultas pertanian Untirta dari berbagai program studi dengan metode wawancara dan kualitatif. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mengidentifikasi peranan bagaimana motivasi dapat ditingkatkan dan proses penyelesaiannya tugas akhir semester dapat dipercepat. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa yang menggunakan alat berbasis AI merasa lebih terorganisir dan mudah mengakses informasi dan mendapatkan umpan balik yang konstruktif, yang semuanya membuatnya lebih berinstrinsik bersemangat dalam prosesnya. Temuan ini membuktikan pentingya teknologi AI dalam pendidikan tinggi dan memberikan rekomendasi untuk program AI lanjutan.

This study aimed to determine the effect of using biodegradable polypropylene mulch and organic fungicide doses on the growth and yield of cayenne pepper plants. The research was conducted from 09 December to 02 March 2024 in the Cibungur Village Garden Land, Buniwangi Village, Surade District, Sukabumi Regency, West Java Province. This research used a Split Plot Design, which was arranged based on two treatment factors, factor 1, namely M0= control treatment, M1= polyethylene mulch, and M2= polypropylene mulch. Factor 2 is F0= control treatment, F1= 15 g, F2= 20 g, F3= 25 g, and there are 12 treatment combinations repeated three times, so there are 36 experimental units and consist of 2 plants, so there are 72 plants. The observation parameters were plant height, number of leaves, number of fruit per plant, number of fruit per plot, wet weight of fruit per plant, wet weight of fruit per plot, dry weight of fruit per plant, and dry weight per plot. The use of polypropylene mulch can significantly increase the growth of plant height, number of leaves, number of fruit per plant, number of fruit per plot, wet weight of fruit per plant, wet weight of fruit per plot, dry weight of fruit per plant and dry weight per plot. Giving a dose of 25 g can significantly increase the growth of plant height, number of leaves, number of fruit per plant, number of fruit per plot, wet weight of fruit per plant, wet weight of fruit per plot, and dry weight of fruit per plant. Dry weight per plant and dry weight per plot. There was a real interaction between biodegradable polypropylene mulch and a dose of 25 g organic fungicide on the wet fruit weight per plant and wet fruit weight parameters per plot.

Araceae is a plant family known as taro with a high level of diversity and is easily found by the public. Beneng taro (Xanthosoma undipes) is a plant in the Araceae family that is included in the local food commodities originating from Banten Province, especially in the Mount Karang. Soil insects are a type of insects that have an essential role in the food cycle, which supports the weathering process of organic material to have a positive influence on the physical and chemical properties of soil. The diversity of soil insects on taro beneng plants in Cinyurup Village is essential to be known to open up new opportunities for understanding their ecological benefits related to agricultural sustainability and biodiversity conservation. This research aims to determine soil insects and their role in the beneng taro cultivation area and to determine the diversity index of soil insects in the area. This research was carried out in February-March in Cinyurup Village, Karang Tanjung District, Pandeglang Regency. This research includes quantitative descriptive research with an exploratory method. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling using the pitfall trap technique. The samples in this research are all ground insects trapped in pitfall traps. Trapped samples were identified based on their role and the calculated diversity index of the Shannon-Wiener method, which can facilitate the analysis of information about the type of individual and the number in an area. The identification results showed that there were 252 insects belonging to 6 families, namely Formicidae, Gryllidae, Tetrigidae, Scarabaeidae, Anisolabidae, and Muscidae. Formicidae and Scarabaeidae are land insects found in abundance due to the farming system based on the cultivation of wire that supports their survival. The diversity index value was obtained at 1.03064 which is included in the medium category. The insects found have varied roles, namely predators (Formicidae, Anisolabidae), herbivores (Gryllidae, Tetrigidae), pollinators (Formicidae, Muscidae), and decomposers (Scarabaeidae).

The purpose of this research was to determine the antagonistic bacteria Pseudomonas spp. of paddy roots endophytic against disease blast (Pycularia oryzae) in vitro. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Agroecology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa on April to June 2015. This research implemented experimental one factor that arranged in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. The treatment consisted of 9 isolates of Pseudomonas sp. which was screened from endophytic roots of paddy plants. The test results showed that antagonistic in vitro testing could inhibit the growth P. oryzae. Inhibition of 9 isolates to the growth Pseudomonas spp. had the significant clear zone. Isolate Ps 17 (58.89%), Ps 22 (54.44%), Ps 37 (52.06%) and Ps 39 (61.42%) have the largest inhibition. The results showed that the bacteria Pseudomonas sp. on this research is potential on controlling disease blast in paddy plant.

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi Pseudomonas sp. asal rhizosper padi sebagai agen hayati untuk mengendalikan penyakit hawar daun bakteri (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) secara in vitro. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa pada bulan Juni-September 2014. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial dengan lima ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari 6 isolat Pseudomonas sp. (Ps 6, Ps 29, Ps 39, Ps 40, Ps 45, dan Ps 46) yang memiliki kemampuan antagonis dan 1 kontrol air (tanpa bakteri) sebagai pembanding, sehingga terdapat 35 satuan percobaan. Isolat-isolat bakteri Pseudomonas sp. yang diuji daya hambatnya secara analisis tidak memiliki pengaruh, baik antar isolat maupun terhadap kontrol (tanpa bakteri perlakuan). Namun, secara keseluruhan mempengaruhi yaitu dengan terbentuknya zona bening menunjukkan adanya tingkat pengendalian. Isolat-isolat bakteri Pseudomonas sp. memiliki kemampuan yang relatif sama dalam mengendalikan bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Meski demikian, isolat Ps 39 dan memiliki zona bening yang cenderung lebih tinggi.