Andreas Butz's research while affiliated with Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich and other places
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Publications (282)
Social media platforms use short, highly engaging videos to catch users' attention. While the short-form video feeds popularized by TikTok are rapidly spreading to other platforms, we do not yet understand their impact on cognitive functions. We conducted a between-subjects experiment (N= 60) investigating the impact of engaging with TikTok, Twitte...
Calibrating users' trust on AI to an appropriate level is widely considered one of the key mechanisms to manage brittle AI performance. However, trust calibration is hard to achieve, with numerous interacting factors that can tip trust into one direction or the other. In this position paper, we argue that instead of focusing on trust calibration to...
Intelligent decision support tools (DSTs) hold the promise to improve the quality of human decision-making in challenging situations like diversions in aviation. To achieve these improvements, a common goal in DST design is to calibrate decision makers' trust in the system. However, this perspective is mostly informed by controlled studies and migh...
In human-robot interaction, transparency is essential to ensure that humans understand and trust robots. Understanding is vital from an ethical perspective and benefits interaction, e.g., through appropriate trust. While there is research on explanations and their content, the methods used to convey the explanations are underexplored. It remains un...
Social media platforms use short, highly engaging videos to catch users' attention. While the short-form video feeds popularized by TikTok are rapidly spreading to other platforms, we do not yet understand their impact on cognitive functions. We conducted a between-subjects experiment (N=60) investigating the impact of engaging with TikTok, Twitter...
Dynamic balance is an essential skill for the human upright gait;
therefore, regular balance training can improve postural control and reduce the risk of injury. Even slight variations in walking conditions like height or ground conditions can significantly impact walking performance. Virtual reality is used as a helpful tool to simulate such chall...
Smart technology is already present in many areas of everyday life. People rely on algorithms in crucial life domains such as finance and healthcare, and the smart car promises a more relaxed driving experience—all the while, the technology recedes further into the background. The smarter the technology, the more intransparent it tends to become. U...
Trust is a factor that can positively influence human-robot interactions. Transparent robot design and appropriately timed explanations have the potential to help users calibrate their trust in a robotic system. We introduce the idea of robo-tooltips, physical markers that signal to users that additional information about the robot is available, wh...
Virtual Reality (VR) is increasingly used in everyday contexts for a variety of tasks. We particularly look at the confined space for passengers inside cars, where head-mounted displays (HMDs) could complement the prevalent use of mobile devices for work. In a field study (N=19), we tested three mobile workspace setups along the reality-virtuality...
Creating social Virtual Environments (VEs) is an ongoing challenge. Traces of prior human interactions, or traces of use, are used in Physical Environments (PEs) to create more meaningful relationships with the PE and the people within it. In this paper, we explore how the concept of traces of use can be transferred from PEs to VEs to increase know...
Interactive AI systems increasingly employ a human-in-the-loop strategy. This creates new challenges for the HCI community when designing such systems. We reveal and investigate some of these challenges in a case study with an industry partner, and developed a prototype human-in-the-loop system for preference-guided 3D model processing. Two 3D arti...
There is a growing body of research in HCI on detecting the users' emotions. Once it is possible to detect users' emotions reliably, the next question is how an emotion-aware interface should react to the detected emotion. In a first step, we tried to find out how humans deal with the negative emotions of an avatar. The hope behind this approach wa...
There is a growing body of research in HCI on detecting the users' emotions. Once it is possible to detect users' emotions reliably, the next question is how an emotion-aware interface should react to the detected emotion. In a first step, we tried to find out how humans deal with the negative emotions of an avatar. The hope behind this approach wa...
Automated driving will require new approaches to the communication between vehicles and vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as pedestrians, e.g., through external human–machine interfaces (eHMIs). However, the majority of eHMI concepts are neither scalable (i.e., take into account complex traffic scenarios with multiple vehicles and VRUs), nor do the...
Historical cemeteries are under-explored design spaces within Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), even though they are visited for many reasons nowadays. We present our strategy to embed interfaces into this sensitive environment and report on interim results and the potential of such interfaces to support these places’ preservation. We followed an i...
The interdisciplinary field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to foster human understanding of black-box machine learning models through explanation-generating methods. Although the social sciences suggest that explanation is a social and iterative process between an explainer and an explainee, explanation user interfaces and their...
The recently proposed restorative environments have the potential to restore attention and help against fatigue, but how can these effects be verified? We present a novel measurement method which can analyze participants’ speech signals in a study before and after a relaxing experience. Compared to other measurements such as attention scales or res...
Risk areas for smear infections in public transport stay generally unnoticeable for passengers. However, touching a handrail can be similar to shaking hands with a thousand people. Although prior research looked into self-cleaning materials to tackle such issues, little has been done to make touched areas more transparent to passengers. In this wor...
Virtual Reality (VR) has become a consumer-grade technology, especially with the advent of standalone headsets working independently from a powerful computer. Domestic VR mainly uses the visual and auditory senses since VR headsets make this accessible. Haptic feedback, however, has the potential to increase immersion substantially. So far, it is m...
Fig. 1. Left: Multiple non-interactive plaster busts. Middle: Turning a plaster bust into a tangible interface by means of capacitive sensing. Right: User interacting with the final prototype. Plaster busts are common exhibition pieces in museums, but they usually are off-limits for touch. While modern exhibition concepts increasingly involve inter...
With impressive developments in human–robot interaction it may seem that technology can do anything. Especially in the domain of social robots which suggest to be much more than programmed machines because of their anthropomorphic shape, people may overtrust the robot's actual capabilities and its reliability. This presents a serious problem, espec...
Ubiquitous technology lets us work in flexible and decentralised ways. Passengers can already use travel time to be productive, and we envision even better performance and experience in vehicles with emerging technologies, such as virtual reality (VR) headsets. However, the confined physical space constrains interactions while the virtual space may...
Clickstreams on individual websites have been studied for decades to gain insights into user interests and to improve website experiences. This paper proposes and examines a novel sequence modeling approach for web clickstreams, that also considers multi-tab branching and backtracking actions across websites to capture the full action sequence of a...
People visit public places with different intentions and motivations. While some explore it carefully, others may just want to pass or are otherwise engaged. We investigate how to exploit the inattentional blindness (IB) of indirect users in the design of public interfaces to apply to such diverse needs. Beginning with a structured literature study...
Concrete is a ubiquitous material in urban environments and increasingly used by industry and the maker movement. However, there is little research about its affordance and its potential for embedded User Interfaces (UI). In our ongoing work, we investigate different manufacturing processes and design strategies to change and adapt the affordances...
The urban realm is currently undergoing a transformation in which cities are being laced with sensors and networks of ever-connected devices. At the same time, more and more novel and advanced materials are finding their way into interaction design and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research, offering us new interaction possibilities. In this hal...
Current robot designs often reflect an anthropomorphic approach, apparently aiming to convince users through an ideal system, being most similar or even on par with humans. The present paper challenges human-likeness as a design goal and questions whether simulating human appearance and performance adequately fits into how humans think about robots...
The buzzword “smart home” promises an intelligent, helpful environment in which technology makes life easier, simpler or safer for its inhabitants. On a technical level, this is currently achieved by many networked devices interacting with each other, working on shared protocols and standards. From a user experience (UX) perspective, however, the i...
In this paper we present use cases for affective user interfaces (UIs) in cars and how they are perceived by potential users in China and Germany. Emotion-aware interaction is enabled by the improvement of ubiquitous sensing methods and provides potential benefits for both traffic safety and personal well-being. To promote the adoption of affective...
Traces of use in public environments show the behaviour patterns of the masses. Taking advantage of this quality, we want to use such traces as design tool to indicate pos-sible interactions in e.g. newly built areas while keeping a natural and calm environment. Due to current lacking knowledge about such traces, this work aims at understand-ing th...
The intentions of an automated vehicle are hard to spot in the absence of eye contact with a driver or other established means of communication. External car displays have been proposed as a solution, but what if they malfunction or display misleading information? How will this influence pedestrians' trust in the vehicle? To investigate these quest...
Interior cameras and other sensors facilitate affective automotive UIs reacting to the driver's detected emotional state and providing customized support. Previous research mainly presents single prototypes designed in western countries. A comprehensive view of relevant use cases and possible cultural differences between markets, however, is missin...
Automated driving could promote safety and comfort in everyday traffic by reducing the human factor in vehicle control and traffic flow. Especially older people can benefit from such a technology, since age may have an impact on the driving ability. However, only few driving assistance systems focusing on the needs of the generation 50+ also consid...
Communicating uncertainty has been shown to provide positive effects on user understanding and decision-making. Surprisingly however, most personal health tracking applications fail to disclose the accuracy of their measurements and predictions. In the case of fertility tracking applications (FTAs), inaccurate predictions have already led to numero...
Considering country-specific preferences in user interface (UI) design is a time-consuming task. We present a case study with German and Vietnamese users to explore how cultural theory can be applied in early design phases to support culturally sensitive design. We present an analysis of cultural dimensions and a comparison of German and Vietnamese...
Creating an empathic, holistic understanding of the user experience and communicating it within the design team is a constant challenge in UX design projects. This paper explores the potential of digital tools to support designers and researchers in this task. We explored the needs of different stakeholders in semi-structured interviews and hosted...
It takes movie camera operators years of professional training to follow an object in an aesthetically pleasing way, both by classical means (boom, slider) and by drones. As this complex task requires a high workload and situation awareness while controlling the camera, an uncluttered and efficient user interface (UI) is preferred. The emergence of...
Empowering people through technology is of increasing concern in the HCI community. However, there are different interpretations of empowerment, which diverge substantially. The same term thus describes an entire spectrum of research endeavours and goals. This conceptual unclarity hinders the development of a meaningful discourse and exchange. To b...
User experience (UX) evaluation is a growing field with diverse approaches. To understand the development since previous meta-review efforts, we conducted a state-of-the-art review of UX evaluation techniques with special attention to the triangulation between methods. We systematically selected and analyzed 100 papers from recent years and while w...
In this paper we investigate whether a helmet-mounted display for motorcyclists can provide similar benefits as the established head-up display (HUD) in cars. HUDs can increase driving safety by efficiently informing the driver. Given their high safety risks, such a technology seems overdue for motorcyclists. Only recently, several crowdfunding pro...
Social robots gain increasing relevance in many domains with high potential for social good (e.g., healthcare, care for the elderly, robots as social companion). However, their design bears high responsibility and asks for a profound understanding of to what degree psychological mechanisms of human-human interaction (HHI) apply to human-robot inter...
Idea generation platforms are increasingly striving to become truly collaborative. Prior research suggests that people are inspired when being exposed to ideas of others. While most platforms defer judgment and separate it from the idea generation phase, we hypothesized that asking participants to rate ideas in the idea generation phase, the increa...
Personal Visualizations (PV) provide visual feedback on personal data, e.g., regarding physical activity or energy consumption. They are a vital part of many behavior change technologies (BCT) and Personal Informatics tools. Feedback can be presented in various ways, for example using counts and graphs, stylized displays, metaphoric displays, narra...
Self-monitoring technologies (such as heart rate monitors and activity trackers) that sense and collect physical activity data are becoming increasingly common and readily available. These devices typically represent the captured data using numbers and graphs that primarily appear on digital screens. More recently, representing data in a physical f...
Metrics for User Experience (UX) often involve traditional usability aspects, such as task success, but also mental aspects, such as interpretation and meaning. The actual experience of a user also highly depends on personal characteristics, such as the social and cultural background. In this paper, we investigate the relation between users’ countr...
Moving a film camera aesthetically is complex, even for professionals. They commonly use mechanical tools which help them to control camera motion. In recent years, computer-controlled tools were developed, but their development is mostly technology-driven and often fails to thoroughly integrate the user perspective. In HCI, prototyping is an estab...
Head-up displays present driving-related information close to the road scene. The content is readily accessible, but potentially clutters the driver’s view and occludes important parts. This can lead to distraction and negatively influence driving performance. Superimposing display content only on demand – triggered by the driver whenever needed –...
Camera-based user interfaces (UI) became increasingly relevant, especially on mobile devices, with location independent media production tools such as drones. The devices traditionally render the necessary user interface elements for remote control on top of the content they display. This often leads to occlusion and visual clutter. Progressive Red...
Dieser Beitrag berichtet über die Geschichte und weitere Entwicklung der Fächer Medieninformatik und Mensch‐Maschine‐Interaktion an der LMU München. Die Studienangebote und viele der Forschungsaktivitäten in diesem Bereich zeichnen sich durch Interdisziplinarität und Kooperation mit anderen Fachbereichen der LMU aus. Im Beitrag wird der Bogen gespa...
The ever-increasing amount of information in cars demands novel and safer displays, such as head-up or windshield displays. We present two studies that investigate the recognition of stimuli presented on a windshield display. Using a divided attention task and a driving simulator, we first compared four types of stimuli which are common in traffic...
The co-creation of human and artificial intelligence in creative environments raises novel questions regarding the authorship of the crafted results. The traditional notion of attributing authorship to humans by default becomes increasingly challenged. In particular the factual contribution to authorship and the experience of authorship can become...
