Ana Ivasiuc's research while affiliated with National University of Ireland, Maynooth and other places
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Publications (15)
Italo Calvino’s Invisible Cities fell into my hands again as I was writing up my ethnography of Rome. I first read it in my late teens, way before I had any idea about anthropology, never mind about urban ethnography. Back then, I found it enticing and poetic, I remember, but I could not connect it to anything that I had thought about nor to any ci...
Security has come to embody a self-evident and much sought-after kind of good, and has come to colonise imaginaries, debates, policies, and large swathes of what social life means in various corners of the world. Echoing postcolonial calls for decentring that which is taken for granted, my essay seeks to provincialise security in three distinct way...
Informal policing has recently been on the rise in Europe: in several countries, “concerned citizens” have mobilized for the protection of their neighborhoods. This article examines the production and mobilization of vigilance in the negotiations around practices of informal policing in Italy and Germany and analyzes the relational way in which dis...
This introduction to the special section charts the ways in which the concept of vigilance has been loosely conceptualized at the intersection between security, surveillance, and border studies. It rethinks vigilance through the conceptual lens of vigilance regimes, as well as through the productivity of watchfulness in different contexts. Vigilanc...
The devilish has long been integral to myths, legends, and folklore, firmly located in the relationships between good and evil, and selves and others. But how are ideas of evil constructed in current times and framed by contemporary social discourses? Modern Folk Devils builds on and works with Stanley Cohen’s theory on folk devils and moral panics...
Roma-related development and policy discourse often represents the Roma development ‘subjects’ as disempowered victims. Against the pervasiveness of such narratives, a close look at the local level conflicts arising during the implementation of a World Bank development project in destitute Roma communities from Romania lays bare the strategies of u...
One of the most productive loci for the analysis of the security – morality nexus is the making of security laws and norms which reveals the ways in which the social order is perceived to be under threat. This article argues for a critical examination of the moralities underlying the security paradigm, or else ‘the securitarian moral assemblage’, t...
This essay explores the political struggles around the making of the peripheral neighbourhood of Nuova Ponte di Nona in Rome, examining the place that housing occupies in securitarian domopolitics as a politics of protecting one's home while at the same time (re)producing the materiality of the neighbourhood along class and race divides. The essay...
As one of the most stereotyped minorities, the Roma are particularly ‘good to think’ in relation to constructions of Europeanness. In the production of ‘Gypsiness’, the body, the space, and the materiality of the dwelling are linked through smell as signifiers of a racial and cultural inferiority that does not ‘belong’ in and to Europe. Drawing on...
Constructed and represented as a threat, whether in the context of their intra-EU migration or their over-representation as beneficiaries of welfare and development programmes in times of neoliberalization, the Roma are increasingly governed through security policies in Europe. After a brief incursion into the theorization of securitization in crit...
Ivasiuc draws on a digital ethnography of material shared by a neighbourhood patrol in Rome on social media, and argues that the spectacle of Facebook-sharing has the triple effect of obfuscating the obscene inclusion of the Roma, multiplying insecurities by reproducing and circulating stereotypical representations of threat embodied in immigrants...
This volume addresses the ‘question of power’ in current constructivist securitisation studies. How can power relations that affect security and insecurity be analysed from both a transdisciplinary and historical point of view? The volume brings together contributions from history, art history, political science, sociology, cultural anthropology an...
This book discusses how Europe’s Roma minorities have often been perceived as a threat to majority cultures and societies. Frequently, the Roma have become the target of nationalism, extremism, and racism. At the same time, they have been approached in terms of human rights and become the focus of programs dedicated to inclusion, anti-discriminatio...
Since the institutionalisation of the 'nomads camp' as housing policy for the Roma in Italy, various securitising discourses have ambiguously incorporated the motifs of mobility and stasis to construct Roma as a highly mobile - hence potentially ubiquitous - threat, while deploring their perceived social and cultural immobility through the tropes o...
Citations
... While the classic studies on moral panics stemmed from criminology and as such focused respectively on youth gangs (Cohen, 1972) or on young Afro-Caribbean males (Hall et al, 2013) as embodiments of folk devils, recent literature has broadened the scope of contemporary folk devils to include refugees, technocrats, Roma, hipsters, LGBT groups, rightwing politicians, sorcerers, economic migrants, tourists, mobile criminals, and even sugary foods (Frederiksen and Harboe Knudsen, 2021). The construction of Roma as folk devils has been previously addressed in the academic literature in several contexts, e.g. the campi nomadi in Italy, where the construction of the Roma as folk devils led to their being subjected to permanent and ever-increasing policing (Ivasiuc, 2021); the construction of Roma as 'inadaptable' in the Czech Republic by negatively associating them with migration, crime, and overreliance on social welfare benefits (Slačálek, 2021); or the construction of Roma and ...
... 6 projects and policy worlds has become one of the blind spots in the field (but for some insightful exceptions see e.g. van Baar, 2012van Baar, , 2018Ivasiuc, 2020;Durst and Nyírő, 2018;van Baar and Kóczé, 2020 ...
... Sensorial perceptions, anthropologists pointed out, are not only socially and culturally shaped, but also taught, transmitted, negotiated, and disciplined. Rather than being universal or individual manifestations and reactions, sensorial perceptions are social and emplaced phenomena (Racleș and Ivasiuc 2019). Critical geographers have recently advanced a topological understanding of how power warps affect spatial practices and experiences through the concept of 'tactile topologies' (Dixon and Jones, 2015;Fraser, 2017), pointing towards the productivity of the haptic dimension in the conceptualisation of topologies of power. ...
... Th e regime of vigilance around the Banjara is grounded in colonial crime laws that have essentialized representations of criminality perpetuating them to our days. Legal apparatuses, hence, can be an important constitutive element of regimes of vigilance, prescribing the people and practices that must be subjected to watchfulness, as well as exclusions and penalties for particular practices such as begging in the case of the Roma in Italy (Ivasiuc 2020a). In the case of the Roma and the Banjara, the regime of vigilance functions on grounds of racializing-and racist-representations like the deviant nomadic or the criminal "Gypsy" Other, driving home the point that racial constructions are mobilized to legitimate social hierarchies and the exclusion of particular groups in the "racially saturated fi eld of visibility" (Butler 1993). ...
... In this bounded space, material clues of insecurity such as foreign license plates, particular kinds of vans, or simply material urban blight like waste in unauthorized spaces command the vigilance of local security entrepreneurs in vigilante-like fashion (Ivasiuc 2015(Ivasiuc , 2019. Vigilance over space thus rests on specifi c materialities that are context-dependent and socially negotiated (Ivasiuc 2020b). In urban contexts, one is immediately reminded of the productivity of the "broken windows" theory in pointing to the materiality of insecurity and the imbrication between the material and cognitive signifi ers of crime and the potential of danger-even though the theory's cultural decontextualization of notions of orderliness and propriety, and thus its inherent conceptual weakness, have been critically pointed out (Harcourt 2001). ...
... Other scholars (Aradau 2010;Walters 2014) have argued that the framework's discursive approach to how security issues are constructed ignores the fundamental dimension of materiality and its agentic qualities. Following this critique, I proposed a non-representational approach inspired by the Actor-Network Theory that embeds materiality into the way in which security issues are produced across chains of mediators like fences or video surveillance cameras (Ivasiuc 2019). ...
... Most of the Roma people in Romania live in substandard conditions and poverty is one of the features that can be encountered by most of the Roma families. As an ethnic group, Romanian Roma have grown in number in the post-socialist period (Rotaru et al., 2023) and are considered to live in absolute poverty with $4.3/day/person (Dan & Briciu, 2012), still facing marginalisation (Crețan et al., 2022(Crețan et al., , 2023Powell & Lever, 2017), eviction (Lancione, 2017) and securitisation (Van Baar et al., 2019). ...
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![[object Object]](https://i1.rgstatic.net/ii/profile.image/11431281163459710-1685567147058_Q64/Regina-Kreide.jpg)
... As we will see, for disadvantaged Roma migrants, the home emerges both as a site of contention and negotiation between conflicting agencies -institutional and individual -and as the ultimate token of social mobility. In destination countries, their homemaking practices mirror the transnational economic strategies of economic betterment whose direction, extent and potential for broader social transformation are often underestimated or misinterpreted by institutional actors (Ivasiuc, 2018;Manzoni, 2017). In the countries of origin, the remittances used to improve or construct new houses do not simply represent a symbolic affirmation of success. ...
Reference: Home, migration, and Roma people in Europe
... But watchfulness also operates in more concrete spaces such as the neighborhood, where neighborhood watch and patrols have multiplied over the last decade. In this bounded space, material clues of insecurity such as foreign license plates, particular kinds of vans, or simply material urban blight like waste in unauthorized spaces command the vigilance of local security entrepreneurs in vigilante-like fashion (Ivasiuc 2015(Ivasiuc , 2019. Vigilance over space thus rests on specifi c materialities that are context-dependent and socially negotiated (Ivasiuc 2020b). ...
... 109 Stumpf, 2006. 110 Van Baar, Ivasiuc and Kreide, 2019. Occupancy rate per 100 places and incarceration rate per 100,000 ...
